diff --git a/app/controllers/Auth.scala b/app/controllers/Auth.scala
index 1d3b9eca6a..ff25ec6b46 100644
--- a/app/controllers/Auth.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/Auth.scala
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ object Auth extends LilaController {
       api.usernameForm.bindFromRequest.fold(
         err => negotiate(
           html = Unauthorized(html.auth.login(api.loginForm, referrer)).fuccess,
-          api = _ => Unauthorized(errorsAsJson(err)).fuccess
+          api = _ => jsonFormError(err)
         ),
         username => HasherRateLimit(username, ctx.req) { chargeIpLimiter =>
           api.loadLoginForm(username) flatMap { loginForm =>
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ object Auth extends LilaController {
                       case _ => Unauthorized(html.auth.login(err, referrer))
                     }
                   },
-                  api = _ => Unauthorized(errorsAsJson(err)).fuccess
+                  api = _ => jsonFormError(err)
                 )
               },
               result => result.toOption match {
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ object Auth extends LilaController {
           api = apiVersion => forms.signup.mobile.bindFromRequest.fold(
             err => {
               err("username").value foreach { authLog(_, s"Signup fail: ${err.errors mkString ", "}") }
-              fuccess(BadRequest(jsonError(errorsAsJson(err))))
+              jsonFormError(err)
             },
             data => HasherRateLimit(data.username, ctx.req) { _ =>
               val email = env.emailAddressValidator.validate(data.realEmail) err s"Invalid email ${data.email}"
diff --git a/app/controllers/Bot.scala b/app/controllers/Bot.scala
index 25df2839f2..25c0f11015 100644
--- a/app/controllers/Bot.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/Bot.scala
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ object Bot extends LilaController {
         }
       case Array("game", id, "chat") => WithBot(me) {
         Env.bot.form.chat.bindFromRequest.fold(
-          err => BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err)).fuccess,
+          jsonFormError,
           res => WithMyBotGame(id, me) { pov =>
             Env.bot.player.chat(pov.gameId, me, res) inject jsonOkResult
           }
diff --git a/app/controllers/LilaController.scala b/app/controllers/LilaController.scala
index b985986fc9..0863bf6082 100644
--- a/app/controllers/LilaController.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/LilaController.scala
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ private[controllers] trait LilaController
     ) andThen (__ \ "").json.prune
   }
 
-  protected def errorsAsJson(form: play.api.data.Form[_])(implicit lang: play.api.i18n.Lang) = {
+  protected def errorsAsJson(form: Form[_])(implicit lang: play.api.i18n.Lang) = {
     val json = Json.toJson(
       form.errors.groupBy(_.key).mapValues { errors =>
         errors.map(e => lila.i18n.Translator.txt.literal(e.message, lila.i18n.I18nDb.Site, e.args, lang))
@@ -475,6 +475,9 @@ private[controllers] trait LilaController
     json validate jsonGlobalErrorRenamer getOrElse json
   }
 
+  protected def jsonFormError(err: Form[_])(implicit lang: play.api.i18n.Lang) =
+    fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err)))
+
   protected def pageHit(implicit ctx: lila.api.Context) =
     if (HTTPRequest isHuman ctx.req) lila.mon.http.request.path(ctx.req.path)()
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/Message.scala b/app/controllers/Message.scala
index 33a90b2946..d627a1e26d 100644
--- a/app/controllers/Message.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/Message.scala
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ object Message extends LilaController {
             }
           ),
           api = _ => forms.thread(me).bindFromRequest.fold(
-            err => fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err))),
+            jsonFormError,
             data => api.makeThread(data, me) map { thread =>
               Ok(Json.obj("ok" -> true, "id" -> thread.id))
             }
diff --git a/app/controllers/Puzzle.scala b/app/controllers/Puzzle.scala
index c498dbc83d..04ab23e3b0 100644
--- a/app/controllers/Puzzle.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/Puzzle.scala
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ object Puzzle extends LilaController {
       if (puzzle.mate) lila.mon.puzzle.round.mate()
       else lila.mon.puzzle.round.material()
       env.forms.round.bindFromRequest.fold(
-        err => fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err))),
+        jsonFormError,
         resultInt => {
           val result = Result(resultInt == 1)
           ctx.me match {
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ object Puzzle extends LilaController {
         if (puzzle.mate) lila.mon.puzzle.round.mate()
         else lila.mon.puzzle.round.material()
         env.forms.round.bindFromRequest.fold(
-          err => fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err))),
+          jsonFormError,
           resultInt => ctx.me match {
             case Some(me) => for {
               (round, mode) <- env.finisher(
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ object Puzzle extends LilaController {
     NoBot {
       implicit val req = ctx.body
       env.forms.vote.bindFromRequest.fold(
-        err => fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err))),
+        jsonFormError,
         vote => env.api.vote.find(id, me) flatMap {
           v => env.api.vote.update(id, me, v, vote == 1)
         } map {
diff --git a/app/controllers/Setup.scala b/app/controllers/Setup.scala
index cf5d7cc4ea..3171c839f0 100644
--- a/app/controllers/Setup.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/Setup.scala
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ object Setup extends LilaController with TheftPrevention {
     implicit val req = ctx.body
     PostRateLimit(HTTPRequest lastRemoteAddress ctx.req) {
       env.forms.friend(ctx).bindFromRequest.fold(
-        f => negotiate(
+        err => negotiate(
           html = Lobby.renderHome(Results.BadRequest),
-          api = _ => fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(f)))
+          api = _ => jsonFormError(err)
         ), {
           case config => userId ?? UserRepo.byId flatMap { destUser =>
             destUser ?? { Env.challenge.granter(ctx.me, _, config.perfType) } flatMap {
@@ -138,10 +138,7 @@ object Setup extends LilaController with TheftPrevention {
       PostRateLimit(HTTPRequest lastRemoteAddress ctx.req) {
         NoPlaybanOrCurrent {
           env.forms.hook(ctx).bindFromRequest.fold(
-            err => negotiate(
-              html = BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err).toString).fuccess,
-              api = _ => BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err)).fuccess
-            ),
+            jsonFormError,
             config =>
               if (getBool("pool")) env.processor.saveHookConfig(config) inject hookSaveOnlyResponse
               else (ctx.userId ?? Env.relation.api.fetchBlocking) flatMap {
@@ -200,9 +197,9 @@ object Setup extends LilaController with TheftPrevention {
       PostRateLimit(HTTPRequest lastRemoteAddress ctx.req) {
         implicit val req = ctx.body
         form(ctx).bindFromRequest.fold(
-          f => negotiate(
+          err => negotiate(
             html = Lobby.renderHome(Results.BadRequest),
-            api = _ => fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(f)))
+            api = _ => jsonFormError(err)
           ),
           config => op(config)(ctx) flatMap { pov =>
             negotiate(
diff --git a/app/controllers/Study.scala b/app/controllers/Study.scala
index d9b4b343cb..bfb3293279 100644
--- a/app/controllers/Study.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/Study.scala
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ object Study extends LilaController {
   def importPgn(id: String) = AuthBody { implicit ctx => me =>
     implicit val req = ctx.body
     lila.study.DataForm.importPgn.form.bindFromRequest.fold(
-      err => BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err)).fuccess,
+      jsonFormError,
       data => env.api.importPgns(me, StudyModel.Id(id), data.toChapterDatas, sticky = data.sticky)
     )
   }
diff --git a/app/controllers/Tournament.scala b/app/controllers/Tournament.scala
index ee11dd3bc5..be23e00711 100644
--- a/app/controllers/Tournament.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/Tournament.scala
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ object Tournament extends LilaController {
 
   private def doApiCreate(me: lila.user.User)(implicit req: Request[_]): Fu[Result] =
     env.forms(me).bindFromRequest.fold(
-      err => BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err)).fuccess,
+      jsonFormError,
       setup => teamsIBelongTo(me) flatMap { teams =>
         env.api.createTournament(setup, me, teams, getUserTeamIds) flatMap { tour =>
           Env.tournament.jsonView(tour, none, none, getUserTeamIds, none, none, lila.i18n.defaultLang)
diff --git a/app/controllers/User.scala b/app/controllers/User.scala
index 5d7b8167c0..e163ccb972 100644
--- a/app/controllers/User.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/User.scala
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ object User extends LilaController {
 
   def apiWriteNote(username: String) = ScopedBody() { implicit req => me =>
     doWriteNote(username, me)(
-      err = err => _ => fuccess(BadRequest(errorsAsJson(err))),
+      err = err => _ => jsonFormError(err),
       suc = jsonOkResult
     )
   }
diff --git a/app/controllers/UserAnalysis.scala b/app/controllers/UserAnalysis.scala
index af5c50cb5c..07a14a1f7b 100644
--- a/app/controllers/UserAnalysis.scala
+++ b/app/controllers/UserAnalysis.scala
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ object UserAnalysis extends LilaController with TheftPrevention {
   def pgn = OpenBody { implicit ctx =>
     implicit val req = ctx.body
     Env.importer.forms.importForm.bindFromRequest.fold(
-      failure => BadRequest(errorsAsJson(failure)).fuccess,
+      jsonFormError,
       data => Env.importer.importer.inMemory(data).fold(
         err => BadRequest(jsonError(err.shows)).fuccess, {
           case (game, fen) =>