2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
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/*
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2008-10-19 10:56:28 -06:00
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Stockfish, a UCI chess playing engine derived from Glaurung 2.1
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Copyright (C) 2004-2008 Tord Romstad (Glaurung author)
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2009-05-07 06:54:40 -06:00
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Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Marco Costalba
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2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
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2008-10-19 10:56:28 -06:00
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Stockfish is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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2008-09-23 16:32:53 -06:00
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2008-10-19 10:56:28 -06:00
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Stockfish is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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2008-09-23 16:32:53 -06:00
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2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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////
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//// Includes
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////
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#include <cassert>
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#include <sstream>
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#include <map>
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#include "material.h"
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using std::string;
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////
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//// Local definitions
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////
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namespace {
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2009-06-05 06:27:37 -06:00
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// Values modified by Joona Kiiski
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2009-07-09 06:36:08 -06:00
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const Value BishopPairMidgameBonus = Value(109);
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const Value BishopPairEndgameBonus = Value(97);
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Key KNNKMaterialKey, KKNNMaterialKey;
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2009-07-16 06:31:32 -06:00
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// Unmapped endgame evaluation and scaling functions, these
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// are accessed direcly and not through the function maps.
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EvaluationFunction<KmmKm> EvaluateKmmKm(WHITE);
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EvaluationFunction<KXK> EvaluateKXK(WHITE), EvaluateKKX(BLACK);
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ScalingFunction<KBPK> ScaleKBPK(WHITE), ScaleKKBP(BLACK);
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ScalingFunction<KQKRP> ScaleKQKRP(WHITE), ScaleKRPKQ(BLACK);
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ScalingFunction<KPsK> ScaleKPsK(WHITE), ScaleKKPs(BLACK);
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ScalingFunction<KPKP> ScaleKPKPw(WHITE), ScaleKPKPb(BLACK);
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}
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2009-07-16 06:31:32 -06:00
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2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
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////
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//// Classes
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////
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2008-11-01 04:38:30 -06:00
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/// See header for a class description. It is declared here to avoid
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/// to include <map> in the header file.
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class EndgameFunctions {
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typedef EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase EF;
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typedef EndgameScalingFunctionBase SF;
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public:
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EndgameFunctions();
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~EndgameFunctions();
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template<class T> T* get(Key key) const;
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private:
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template<class T> void add(const string& keyCode);
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static Key buildKey(const string& keyCode);
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static const string swapColors(const string& keyCode);
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std::map<Key, EF*> EEFmap;
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std::map<Key, SF*> ESFmap;
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// Maps accessing functions for const and non-const references
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template<typename T> const std::map<Key, T*>& map() const { return EEFmap; }
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template<> const std::map<Key, SF*>& map<SF>() const { return ESFmap; }
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template<typename T> std::map<Key, T*>& map() { return EEFmap; }
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template<> std::map<Key, SF*>& map<SF>() { return ESFmap; }
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};
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////
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//// Functions
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////
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/// Constructor for the MaterialInfoTable class
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MaterialInfoTable::MaterialInfoTable(unsigned int numOfEntries) {
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size = numOfEntries;
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entries = new MaterialInfo[size];
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funcs = new EndgameFunctions();
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if (!entries || !funcs)
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{
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std::cerr << "Failed to allocate " << (numOfEntries * sizeof(MaterialInfo))
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<< " bytes for material hash table." << std::endl;
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2009-05-07 04:45:46 -06:00
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Application::exit_with_failure();
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}
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}
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2008-10-27 14:54:39 -06:00
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/// Destructor for the MaterialInfoTable class
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MaterialInfoTable::~MaterialInfoTable() {
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delete funcs;
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delete [] entries;
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}
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/// MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info() takes a position object as input,
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/// computes or looks up a MaterialInfo object, and returns a pointer to it.
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/// If the material configuration is not already present in the table, it
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/// is stored there, so we don't have to recompute everything when the
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/// same material configuration occurs again.
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MaterialInfo* MaterialInfoTable::get_material_info(const Position& pos) {
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Key key = pos.get_material_key();
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int index = key & (size - 1);
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MaterialInfo* mi = entries + index;
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// If mi->key matches the position's material hash key, it means that we
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// have analysed this material configuration before, and we can simply
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// return the information we found the last time instead of recomputing it.
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if (mi->key == key)
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return mi;
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// Clear the MaterialInfo object, and set its key
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mi->clear();
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mi->key = key;
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// A special case before looking for a specialized evaluation function
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// KNN vs K is a draw.
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if (key == KNNKMaterialKey || key == KKNNMaterialKey)
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{
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mi->factor[WHITE] = mi->factor[BLACK] = 0;
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return mi;
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}
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// Let's look if we have a specialized evaluation function for this
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// particular material configuration. First we look for a fixed
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// configuration one, then a generic one if previous search failed.
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if ((mi->evaluationFunction = funcs->get<EndgameEvaluationFunctionBase>(key)) != NULL)
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return mi;
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else if ( pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0)
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&& pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
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&& pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) >= RookValueMidgame)
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{
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mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKXK;
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return mi;
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}
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else if ( pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == Value(0)
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&& pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
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&& pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >= RookValueMidgame)
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{
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mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKKX;
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return mi;
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}
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2008-12-21 07:38:10 -07:00
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else if ( pos.pawns() == EmptyBoardBB
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&& pos.rooks() == EmptyBoardBB
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&& pos.queens() == EmptyBoardBB)
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{
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// Minor piece endgame with at least one minor piece per side,
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// and no pawns.
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assert(pos.knights(WHITE) | pos.bishops(WHITE));
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assert(pos.knights(BLACK) | pos.bishops(BLACK));
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if ( pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT) <= 2
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&& pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) + pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT) <= 2)
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{
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mi->evaluationFunction = &EvaluateKmmKm;
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return mi;
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}
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}
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// OK, we didn't find any special evaluation function for the current
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// material configuration. Is there a suitable scaling function?
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//
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// The code below is rather messy, and it could easily get worse later,
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// if we decide to add more special cases. We face problems when there
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// are several conflicting applicable scaling functions and we need to
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// decide which one to use.
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2009-02-12 06:59:46 -07:00
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EndgameScalingFunctionBase* sf;
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2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
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if ((sf = funcs->get<EndgameScalingFunctionBase>(key)) != NULL)
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{
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mi->scalingFunction[sf->color()] = sf;
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return mi;
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}
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2008-10-27 14:54:39 -06:00
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if ( pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == BishopValueMidgame
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&& pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP) == 1
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&& pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
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mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKBPK;
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if ( pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == BishopValueMidgame
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&& pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP) == 1
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&& pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
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mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKBP;
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if ( pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0
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&& pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) == QueenValueMidgame
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&& pos.piece_count(WHITE, QUEEN) == 1
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&& pos.piece_count(BLACK, ROOK) == 1
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&& pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 1)
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mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKQKRP;
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else if ( pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0
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&& pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == QueenValueMidgame
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&& pos.piece_count(BLACK, QUEEN) == 1
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&& pos.piece_count(WHITE, ROOK) == 1
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&& pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 1)
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mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKRPKQ;
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if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) == Value(0))
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{
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if (pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 0)
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{
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assert(pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) >= 2);
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mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPsK;
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}
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else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 0)
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{
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assert(pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) >= 2);
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mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKKPs;
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}
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else if (pos.piece_count(WHITE, PAWN) == 1 && pos.piece_count(BLACK, PAWN) == 1)
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{
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mi->scalingFunction[WHITE] = &ScaleKPKPw;
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mi->scalingFunction[BLACK] = &ScaleKPKPb;
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}
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2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
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}
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2008-12-21 08:26:36 -07:00
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// Compute the space weight
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if (pos.non_pawn_material(WHITE) + pos.non_pawn_material(BLACK) >=
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2*QueenValueMidgame + 4*RookValueMidgame + 2*KnightValueMidgame)
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{
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int minorPieceCount = pos.piece_count(WHITE, KNIGHT)
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+ pos.piece_count(BLACK, KNIGHT)
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+ pos.piece_count(WHITE, BISHOP)
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+ pos.piece_count(BLACK, BISHOP);
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mi->spaceWeight = minorPieceCount * minorPieceCount;
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}
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2008-10-27 14:54:39 -06:00
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// Evaluate the material balance
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2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
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Color c;
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int sign;
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2008-10-27 14:54:39 -06:00
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Value egValue = Value(0);
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Value mgValue = Value(0);
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for (c = WHITE, sign = 1; c <= BLACK; c++, sign = -sign)
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{
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// No pawns makes it difficult to win, even with a material advantage
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if ( pos.piece_count(c, PAWN) == 0
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&& pos.non_pawn_material(c) - pos.non_pawn_material(opposite_color(c)) <= BishopValueMidgame)
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{
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if ( pos.non_pawn_material(c) == pos.non_pawn_material(opposite_color(c))
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|| pos.non_pawn_material(c) < RookValueMidgame)
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mi->factor[c] = 0;
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else
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{
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switch (pos.piece_count(c, BISHOP)) {
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case 2:
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mi->factor[c] = 32;
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break;
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case 1:
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mi->factor[c] = 12;
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break;
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case 0:
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mi->factor[c] = 6;
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break;
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}
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2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
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}
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}
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2008-09-23 16:32:53 -06:00
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2008-10-27 14:54:39 -06:00
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// Bishop pair
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|
|
|
if (pos.piece_count(c, BISHOP) >= 2)
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
mgValue += sign * BishopPairMidgameBonus;
|
|
|
|
egValue += sign * BishopPairEndgameBonus;
|
2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2008-09-23 16:32:53 -06:00
|
|
|
// Knights are stronger when there are many pawns on the board. The
|
2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
|
|
|
// formula is taken from Larry Kaufman's paper "The Evaluation of Material
|
2008-09-23 16:32:53 -06:00
|
|
|
// Imbalances in Chess":
|
2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
|
|
|
// http://mywebpages.comcast.net/danheisman/Articles/evaluation_of_material_imbalance.htm
|
2008-10-19 07:39:29 -06:00
|
|
|
mgValue += sign * Value(pos.piece_count(c, KNIGHT)*(pos.piece_count(c, PAWN)-5)*16);
|
|
|
|
egValue += sign * Value(pos.piece_count(c, KNIGHT)*(pos.piece_count(c, PAWN)-5)*16);
|
2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Redundancy of major pieces, again based on Kaufman's paper:
|
2008-10-27 14:54:39 -06:00
|
|
|
if (pos.piece_count(c, ROOK) >= 1)
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
Value v = Value((pos.piece_count(c, ROOK) - 1) * 32 + pos.piece_count(c, QUEEN) * 16);
|
|
|
|
mgValue -= sign * v;
|
|
|
|
egValue -= sign * v;
|
2008-08-31 23:59:13 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
mi->mgValue = int16_t(mgValue);
|
|
|
|
mi->egValue = int16_t(egValue);
|
|
|
|
return mi;
|
|
|
|
}
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008-11-01 04:38:30 -06:00
|
|
|
/// EndgameFunctions member definitions. This class is used to store the maps
|
2009-01-07 06:26:58 -07:00
|
|
|
/// of end game and scaling functions that MaterialInfoTable will query for
|
2008-11-01 04:38:30 -06:00
|
|
|
/// each key. The maps are constant and are populated only at construction,
|
2009-07-16 06:31:32 -06:00
|
|
|
/// but are per-thread instead of globals to avoid expensive locks needed
|
|
|
|
/// because std::map is not guaranteed to be thread-safe even if accessed
|
|
|
|
/// only for a lookup.
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EndgameFunctions::EndgameFunctions() {
|
|
|
|
|
2009-02-13 02:00:47 -07:00
|
|
|
KNNKMaterialKey = buildKey("KNNK");
|
|
|
|
KKNNMaterialKey = buildKey("KKNN");
|
|
|
|
|
2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
|
|
|
add<EvaluationFunction<KPK> >("KPK");
|
|
|
|
add<EvaluationFunction<KBNK> >("KBNK");
|
|
|
|
add<EvaluationFunction<KRKP> >("KRKP");
|
|
|
|
add<EvaluationFunction<KRKB> >("KRKB");
|
|
|
|
add<EvaluationFunction<KRKN> >("KRKN");
|
|
|
|
add<EvaluationFunction<KQKR> >("KQKR");
|
|
|
|
add<EvaluationFunction<KBBKN> >("KBBKN");
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
add<ScalingFunction<KNPK> >("KNPK");
|
|
|
|
add<ScalingFunction<KRPKR> >("KRPKR");
|
|
|
|
add<ScalingFunction<KBPKB> >("KBPKB");
|
|
|
|
add<ScalingFunction<KBPPKB> >("KBPPKB");
|
|
|
|
add<ScalingFunction<KBPKN> >("KBPKN");
|
|
|
|
add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
|
|
|
|
add<ScalingFunction<KRPPKRP> >("KRPPKRP");
|
2009-07-16 06:31:32 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EndgameFunctions::~EndgameFunctions() {
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for (std::map<Key, EF*>::iterator it = EEFmap.begin(); it != EEFmap.end(); ++it)
|
|
|
|
delete (*it).second;
|
|
|
|
|
2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
|
|
|
for (std::map<Key, SF*>::iterator it = ESFmap.begin(); it != ESFmap.end(); ++it)
|
|
|
|
delete (*it).second;
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2009-05-10 10:58:53 -06:00
|
|
|
Key EndgameFunctions::buildKey(const string& keyCode) {
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
|
2009-02-13 02:00:47 -07:00
|
|
|
assert(keyCode.length() > 0 && keyCode[0] == 'K');
|
|
|
|
assert(keyCode.length() < 8);
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
std::stringstream s;
|
|
|
|
bool upcase = false;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Build up a fen substring with the given pieces, note
|
|
|
|
// that the fen string could be of an illegal position.
|
|
|
|
for (size_t i = 0; i < keyCode.length(); i++)
|
|
|
|
{
|
|
|
|
if (keyCode[i] == 'K')
|
|
|
|
upcase = !upcase;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s << char(upcase? toupper(keyCode[i]) : tolower(keyCode[i]));
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
s << 8 - keyCode.length() << "/8/8/8/8/8/8/8 w -";
|
|
|
|
return Position(s.str()).get_material_key();
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2009-07-16 06:31:32 -06:00
|
|
|
const string EndgameFunctions::swapColors(const string& keyCode) {
|
2009-02-13 02:00:47 -07:00
|
|
|
|
2009-07-16 06:31:32 -06:00
|
|
|
// Build corresponding key for the opposite color: "KBPKN" -> "KNKBP"
|
|
|
|
size_t idx = keyCode.find("K", 1);
|
|
|
|
return keyCode.substr(idx) + keyCode.substr(0, idx);
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
|
|
|
template<class T>
|
|
|
|
void EndgameFunctions::add(const string& keyCode) {
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
|
2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
|
|
|
typedef typename T::Base F;
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
|
2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
|
|
|
map<F>().insert(std::pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(keyCode), new T(WHITE)));
|
|
|
|
map<F>().insert(std::pair<Key, F*>(buildKey(swapColors(keyCode)), new T(BLACK)));
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
|
|
|
template<class T>
|
|
|
|
T* EndgameFunctions::get(Key key) const {
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
|
2009-07-17 06:32:27 -06:00
|
|
|
std::map<Key, T*>::const_iterator it(map<T>().find(key));
|
|
|
|
return (it != map<T>().end() ? it->second : NULL);
|
2008-10-31 10:42:25 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|