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License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license. By default all files without license information are under the default license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2. Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text. This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and Philippe Ombredanne. How this work was done: Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of the use cases: - file had no licensing information it it. - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it, - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information, Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords. The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files. The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was: - Files considered eligible had to be source code files. - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5 lines of source - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5 lines). All documentation files were explicitly excluded. The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license identifiers to apply. - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was considered to have no license information in it, and the top level COPYING file license applied. For non */uapi/* files that summary was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 11139 and resulted in the first patch in this series. If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------- GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930 and resulted in the second patch in this series. - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in it (per prior point). Results summary: SPDX license identifier # files ---------------------------------------------------|------ GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270 GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17 LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15 GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14 ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5 LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4 LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3 ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1 and that resulted in the third patch in this series. - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became the concluded license(s). - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred. - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics). - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier, the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later in time. In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation. Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so they are related. Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks in about 15000 files. In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the correct identifier. Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch version early this week with: - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected license ids and scores - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+ files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the different types of files to be modified. These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to generate the patches. Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org> Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 08:07:57 -06:00
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
config NIOS2
def_bool y
select ARCH_32BIT_OFF_T
select ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_CPU
select ARCH_HAS_SYNC_DMA_FOR_DEVICE
select ARCH_HAS_UNCACHED_SEGMENT
select ARCH_NO_SWAP
select TIMER_OF
select GENERIC_ATOMIC64
select GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS
select GENERIC_CPU_DEVICES
select GENERIC_IRQ_PROBE
select GENERIC_IRQ_SHOW
select GENERIC_STRNCPY_FROM_USER
select GENERIC_STRNLEN_USER
select HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
select HAVE_ARCH_KGDB
select IRQ_DOMAIN
select MODULES_USE_ELF_RELA
select OF
select OF_EARLY_FLATTREE
select SOC_BUS
select SPARSE_IRQ
select USB_ARCH_HAS_HCD if USB_SUPPORT
lib/GCD.c: use binary GCD algorithm instead of Euclidean The binary GCD algorithm is based on the following facts: 1. If a and b are all evens, then gcd(a,b) = 2 * gcd(a/2, b/2) 2. If a is even and b is odd, then gcd(a,b) = gcd(a/2, b) 3. If a and b are all odds, then gcd(a,b) = gcd((a-b)/2, b) = gcd((a+b)/2, b) Even on x86 machines with reasonable division hardware, the binary algorithm runs about 25% faster (80% the execution time) than the division-based Euclidian algorithm. On platforms like Alpha and ARMv6 where division is a function call to emulation code, it's even more significant. There are two variants of the code here, depending on whether a fast __ffs (find least significant set bit) instruction is available. This allows the unpredictable branches in the bit-at-a-time shifting loop to be eliminated. If fast __ffs is not available, the "even/odd" GCD variant is used. I use the following code to benchmark: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <string.h> #include <time.h> #include <unistd.h> #define swap(a, b) \ do { \ a ^= b; \ b ^= a; \ a ^= b; \ } while (0) unsigned long gcd0(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) { unsigned long r; if (a < b) { swap(a, b); } if (b == 0) return a; while ((r = a % b) != 0) { a = b; b = r; } return b; } unsigned long gcd1(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) { unsigned long r = a | b; if (!a || !b) return r; b >>= __builtin_ctzl(b); for (;;) { a >>= __builtin_ctzl(a); if (a == b) return a << __builtin_ctzl(r); if (a < b) swap(a, b); a -= b; } } unsigned long gcd2(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) { unsigned long r = a | b; if (!a || !b) return r; r &= -r; while (!(b & r)) b >>= 1; for (;;) { while (!(a & r)) a >>= 1; if (a == b) return a; if (a < b) swap(a, b); a -= b; a >>= 1; if (a & r) a += b; a >>= 1; } } unsigned long gcd3(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) { unsigned long r = a | b; if (!a || !b) return r; b >>= __builtin_ctzl(b); if (b == 1) return r & -r; for (;;) { a >>= __builtin_ctzl(a); if (a == 1) return r & -r; if (a == b) return a << __builtin_ctzl(r); if (a < b) swap(a, b); a -= b; } } unsigned long gcd4(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) { unsigned long r = a | b; if (!a || !b) return r; r &= -r; while (!(b & r)) b >>= 1; if (b == r) return r; for (;;) { while (!(a & r)) a >>= 1; if (a == r) return r; if (a == b) return a; if (a < b) swap(a, b); a -= b; a >>= 1; if (a & r) a += b; a >>= 1; } } static unsigned long (*gcd_func[])(unsigned long a, unsigned long b) = { gcd0, gcd1, gcd2, gcd3, gcd4, }; #define TEST_ENTRIES (sizeof(gcd_func) / sizeof(gcd_func[0])) #if defined(__x86_64__) #define rdtscll(val) do { \ unsigned long __a,__d; \ __asm__ __volatile__("rdtsc" : "=a" (__a), "=d" (__d)); \ (val) = ((unsigned long long)__a) | (((unsigned long long)__d)<<32); \ } while(0) static unsigned long long benchmark_gcd_func(unsigned long (*gcd)(unsigned long, unsigned long), unsigned long a, unsigned long b, unsigned long *res) { unsigned long long start, end; unsigned long long ret; unsigned long gcd_res; rdtscll(start); gcd_res = gcd(a, b); rdtscll(end); if (end >= start) ret = end - start; else ret = ~0ULL - start + 1 + end; *res = gcd_res; return ret; } #else static inline struct timespec read_time(void) { struct timespec time; clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &time); return time; } static inline unsigned long long diff_time(struct timespec start, struct timespec end) { struct timespec temp; if ((end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec) < 0) { temp.tv_sec = end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec - 1; temp.tv_nsec = 1000000000ULL + end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec; } else { temp.tv_sec = end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec; temp.tv_nsec = end.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec; } return temp.tv_sec * 1000000000ULL + temp.tv_nsec; } static unsigned long long benchmark_gcd_func(unsigned long (*gcd)(unsigned long, unsigned long), unsigned long a, unsigned long b, unsigned long *res) { struct timespec start, end; unsigned long gcd_res; start = read_time(); gcd_res = gcd(a, b); end = read_time(); *res = gcd_res; return diff_time(start, end); } #endif static inline unsigned long get_rand() { if (sizeof(long) == 8) return (unsigned long)rand() << 32 | rand(); else return rand(); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { unsigned int seed = time(0); int loops = 100; int repeats = 1000; unsigned long (*res)[TEST_ENTRIES]; unsigned long long elapsed[TEST_ENTRIES]; int i, j, k; for (;;) { int opt = getopt(argc, argv, "n:r:s:"); /* End condition always first */ if (opt == -1) break; switch (opt) { case 'n': loops = atoi(optarg); break; case 'r': repeats = atoi(optarg); break; case 's': seed = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10); break; default: /* You won't actually get here. */ break; } } res = malloc(sizeof(unsigned long) * TEST_ENTRIES * loops); memset(elapsed, 0, sizeof(elapsed)); srand(seed); for (j = 0; j < loops; j++) { unsigned long a = get_rand(); /* Do we have args? */ unsigned long b = argc > optind ? strtoul(argv[optind], NULL, 10) : get_rand(); unsigned long long min_elapsed[TEST_ENTRIES]; for (k = 0; k < repeats; k++) { for (i = 0; i < TEST_ENTRIES; i++) { unsigned long long tmp = benchmark_gcd_func(gcd_func[i], a, b, &res[j][i]); if (k == 0 || min_elapsed[i] > tmp) min_elapsed[i] = tmp; } } for (i = 0; i < TEST_ENTRIES; i++) elapsed[i] += min_elapsed[i]; } for (i = 0; i < TEST_ENTRIES; i++) printf("gcd%d: elapsed %llu\n", i, elapsed[i]); k = 0; srand(seed); for (j = 0; j < loops; j++) { unsigned long a = get_rand(); unsigned long b = argc > optind ? strtoul(argv[optind], NULL, 10) : get_rand(); for (i = 1; i < TEST_ENTRIES; i++) { if (res[j][i] != res[j][0]) break; } if (i < TEST_ENTRIES) { if (k == 0) { k = 1; fprintf(stderr, "Error:\n"); } fprintf(stderr, "gcd(%lu, %lu): ", a, b); for (i = 0; i < TEST_ENTRIES; i++) fprintf(stderr, "%ld%s", res[j][i], i < TEST_ENTRIES - 1 ? ", " : "\n"); } } if (k == 0) fprintf(stderr, "PASS\n"); free(res); return 0; } Compiled with "-O2", on "VirtualBox 4.4.0-22-generic #38-Ubuntu x86_64" got: zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10 gcd0: elapsed 10174 gcd1: elapsed 2120 gcd2: elapsed 2902 gcd3: elapsed 2039 gcd4: elapsed 2812 PASS zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10 gcd0: elapsed 9309 gcd1: elapsed 2280 gcd2: elapsed 2822 gcd3: elapsed 2217 gcd4: elapsed 2710 PASS zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10 gcd0: elapsed 9589 gcd1: elapsed 2098 gcd2: elapsed 2815 gcd3: elapsed 2030 gcd4: elapsed 2718 PASS zhaoxiuzeng@zhaoxiuzeng-VirtualBox:~/develop$ ./gcd -r 500000 -n 10 gcd0: elapsed 9914 gcd1: elapsed 2309 gcd2: elapsed 2779 gcd3: elapsed 2228 gcd4: elapsed 2709 PASS [akpm@linux-foundation.org: avoid #defining a CONFIG_ variable] Signed-off-by: Zhaoxiu Zeng <zhaoxiu.zeng@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: George Spelvin <linux@horizon.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2016-05-20 18:03:57 -06:00
select CPU_NO_EFFICIENT_FFS
arch/tlb: Clean up simple architectures For the architectures that do not implement their own tlb_flush() but do already use the generic mmu_gather, there are two options: 1) the platform has an efficient flush_tlb_range() and asm-generic/tlb.h doesn't need any overrides at all. 2) the platform lacks an efficient flush_tlb_range() and we select MMU_GATHER_NO_RANGE to minimize full invalidates. Convert all 'simple' architectures to one of these two forms. alpha: has no range invalidate -> 2 arc: already used flush_tlb_range() -> 1 c6x: has no range invalidate -> 2 hexagon: has an efficient flush_tlb_range() -> 1 (flush_tlb_mm() is in fact a full range invalidate, so no need to shoot down everything) m68k: has inefficient flush_tlb_range() -> 2 microblaze: has no flush_tlb_range() -> 2 mips: has efficient flush_tlb_range() -> 1 (even though it currently seems to use flush_tlb_mm()) nds32: already uses flush_tlb_range() -> 1 nios2: has inefficient flush_tlb_range() -> 2 (no limit on range iteration) openrisc: has inefficient flush_tlb_range() -> 2 (no limit on range iteration) parisc: already uses flush_tlb_range() -> 1 sparc32: already uses flush_tlb_range() -> 1 unicore32: has inefficient flush_tlb_range() -> 2 (no limit on range iteration) xtensa: has efficient flush_tlb_range() -> 1 Note this also fixes a bug in the existing code for a number platforms. Those platforms that did: tlb_end_vma() -> if (!full_mm) flush_tlb_*() tlb_flush -> if (full_mm) flush_tlb_mm() missed the case of shift_arg_pages(), which doesn't have @fullmm set, nor calls into tlb_*vma(), but still frees page-tables and thus needs an invalidate. The new code handles this by detecting a non-empty range, and either issuing the matching range invalidate or a full invalidate, depending on the capabilities. No change in behavior intended. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org> Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com> Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com> Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com> Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn> Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de> Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se> Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com> Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com> Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com> Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net> Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
2018-09-04 09:04:07 -06:00
select MMU_GATHER_NO_RANGE if MMU
config GENERIC_CSUM
def_bool y
config GENERIC_HWEIGHT
def_bool y
config GENERIC_CALIBRATE_DELAY
def_bool y
config NO_IOPORT_MAP
def_bool y
config FPU
def_bool n
config TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT
def_bool n
menu "Kernel features"
source "kernel/Kconfig.hz"
config FORCE_MAX_ZONEORDER
int "Maximum zone order"
range 9 20
default "11"
help
The kernel memory allocator divides physically contiguous memory
blocks into "zones", where each zone is a power of two number of
pages. This option selects the largest power of two that the kernel
keeps in the memory allocator. If you need to allocate very large
blocks of physically contiguous memory, then you may need to
increase this value.
This config option is actually maximum order plus one. For example,
a value of 11 means that the largest free memory block is 2^10 pages.
endmenu
source "arch/nios2/platform/Kconfig.platform"
menu "Processor type and features"
config MMU
def_bool y
config NR_CPUS
int
default "1"
config NIOS2_ALIGNMENT_TRAP
bool "Catch alignment trap"
default y
help
Nios II CPUs cannot fetch/store data which is not bus aligned,
i.e., a 2 or 4 byte fetch must start at an address divisible by
2 or 4. Any non-aligned load/store instructions will be trapped and
emulated in software if you say Y here, which has a performance
impact.
comment "Boot options"
config CMDLINE_BOOL
bool "Default bootloader kernel arguments"
default y
config CMDLINE
string "Default kernel command string"
default ""
depends on CMDLINE_BOOL
help
On some platforms, there is currently no way for the boot loader to
pass arguments to the kernel. For these platforms, you can supply
some command-line options at build time by entering them here. In
other cases you can specify kernel args so that you don't have
to set them up in board prom initialization routines.
config CMDLINE_FORCE
bool "Force default kernel command string"
depends on CMDLINE_BOOL
help
Set this to have arguments from the default kernel command string
override those passed by the boot loader.
config NIOS2_CMDLINE_IGNORE_DTB
bool "Ignore kernel command string from DTB"
depends on CMDLINE_BOOL
depends on !CMDLINE_FORCE
default y
help
Set this to ignore the bootargs property from the devicetree's
chosen node and fall back to CMDLINE if nothing is passed.
config NIOS2_PASS_CMDLINE
bool "Passed kernel command line from u-boot"
help
Use bootargs env variable from u-boot for kernel command line.
will override "Default kernel command string".
Say N if you are unsure.
config NIOS2_BOOT_LINK_OFFSET
hex "Link address offset for booting"
default "0x00500000"
help
This option allows you to set the link address offset of the zImage.
This can be useful if you are on a board which has a small amount of
memory.
endmenu
menu "Advanced setup"
config ADVANCED_OPTIONS
bool "Prompt for advanced kernel configuration options"
comment "Default settings for advanced configuration options are used"
depends on !ADVANCED_OPTIONS
config NIOS2_KERNEL_MMU_REGION_BASE_BOOL
bool "Set custom kernel MMU region base address"
depends on ADVANCED_OPTIONS
help
This option allows you to set the virtual address of the kernel MMU region.
Say N here unless you know what you are doing.
config NIOS2_KERNEL_MMU_REGION_BASE
hex "Virtual base address of the kernel MMU region " if NIOS2_KERNEL_MMU_REGION_BASE_BOOL
default "0x80000000"
help
This option allows you to set the virtual base address of the kernel MMU region.
config NIOS2_KERNEL_REGION_BASE_BOOL
bool "Set custom kernel region base address"
depends on ADVANCED_OPTIONS
help
This option allows you to set the virtual address of the kernel region.
Say N here unless you know what you are doing.
config NIOS2_KERNEL_REGION_BASE
hex "Virtual base address of the kernel region " if NIOS2_KERNEL_REGION_BASE_BOOL
default "0xc0000000"
config NIOS2_IO_REGION_BASE_BOOL
bool "Set custom I/O region base address"
depends on ADVANCED_OPTIONS
help
This option allows you to set the virtual address of the I/O region.
Say N here unless you know what you are doing.
config NIOS2_IO_REGION_BASE
hex "Virtual base address of the I/O region" if NIOS2_IO_REGION_BASE_BOOL
default "0xe0000000"
endmenu