License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 08:07:57 -06:00
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/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
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2010-02-15 10:13:33 -07:00
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#ifndef _NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES_H
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#define _NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES_H
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2015-09-02 17:26:07 -06:00
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#include <linux/netfilter/nf_conntrack_zones_common.h>
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2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
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#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK)
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#include <net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_extend.h>
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static inline const struct nf_conntrack_zone *
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nf_ct_zone(const struct nf_conn *ct)
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2010-02-15 10:13:33 -07:00
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{
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#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
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2016-06-11 13:57:35 -06:00
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return &ct->zone;
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#else
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return &nf_ct_zone_dflt;
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2010-02-15 10:13:33 -07:00
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#endif
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}
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2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
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static inline const struct nf_conntrack_zone *
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2015-08-14 08:03:40 -06:00
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nf_ct_zone_init(struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone, u16 id, u8 dir, u8 flags)
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{
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zone->id = id;
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zone->flags = flags;
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zone->dir = dir;
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return zone;
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}
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static inline const struct nf_conntrack_zone *
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nf_ct_zone_tmpl(const struct nf_conn *tmpl, const struct sk_buff *skb,
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struct nf_conntrack_zone *tmp)
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{
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2016-06-11 13:57:35 -06:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
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2015-08-14 08:03:40 -06:00
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if (!tmpl)
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return &nf_ct_zone_dflt;
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2016-06-11 13:57:35 -06:00
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if (tmpl->zone.flags & NF_CT_FLAG_MARK)
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return nf_ct_zone_init(tmp, skb->mark, tmpl->zone.dir, 0);
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#endif
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return nf_ct_zone(tmpl);
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2015-08-14 08:03:40 -06:00
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}
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2016-06-11 13:57:35 -06:00
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static inline void nf_ct_zone_add(struct nf_conn *ct,
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const struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone)
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2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
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{
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2015-08-14 08:03:40 -06:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
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2016-06-11 13:57:35 -06:00
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ct->zone = *zone;
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2015-08-14 08:03:40 -06:00
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#endif
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2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
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}
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netfilter: nf_conntrack: add direction support for zones
This work adds a direction parameter to netfilter zones, so identity
separation can be performed only in original/reply or both directions
(default). This basically opens up the possibility of doing NAT with
conflicting IP address/port tuples from multiple, isolated tenants
on a host (e.g. from a netns) without requiring each tenant to NAT
twice resp. to use its own dedicated IP address to SNAT to, meaning
overlapping tuples can be made unique with the zone identifier in
original direction, where the NAT engine will then allocate a unique
tuple in the commonly shared default zone for the reply direction.
In some restricted, local DNAT cases, also port redirection could be
used for making the reply traffic unique w/o requiring SNAT.
The consensus we've reached and discussed at NFWS and since the initial
implementation [1] was to directly integrate the direction meta data
into the existing zones infrastructure, as opposed to the ct->mark
approach we proposed initially.
As we pass the nf_conntrack_zone object directly around, we don't have
to touch all call-sites, but only those, that contain equality checks
of zones. Thus, based on the current direction (original or reply),
we either return the actual id, or the default NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID.
CT expectations are direction-agnostic entities when expectations are
being compared among themselves, so we can only use the identifier
in this case.
Note that zone identifiers can not be included into the hash mix
anymore as they don't contain a "stable" value that would be equal
for both directions at all times, f.e. if only zone->id would
unconditionally be xor'ed into the table slot hash, then replies won't
find the corresponding conntracking entry anymore.
If no particular direction is specified when configuring zones, the
behaviour is exactly as we expect currently (both directions).
Support has been added for the CT netlink interface as well as the
x_tables raw CT target, which both already offer existing interfaces
to user space for the configuration of zones.
Below a minimal, simplified collision example (script in [2]) with
netperf sessions:
+--- tenant-1 ---+ mark := 1
| netperf |--+
+----------------+ | CT zone := mark [ORIGINAL]
[ip,sport] := X +--------------+ +--- gateway ---+
| mark routing |--| SNAT |-- ... +
+--------------+ +---------------+ |
+--- tenant-2 ---+ | ~~~|~~~
| netperf |--+ +-----------+ |
+----------------+ mark := 2 | netserver |------ ... +
[ip,sport] := X +-----------+
[ip,port] := Y
On the gateway netns, example:
iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -j CT --zone mark --zone-dir ORIGINAL
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <dev> -j SNAT --to-source <ip> --random-fully
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir ORIGINAL -j CONNMARK --save-mark
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir REPLY -j CONNMARK --restore-mark
conntrack dump from gateway netns:
netperf -H 10.1.1.2 -t TCP_STREAM -l60 -p12865,5555 from each tenant netns
tcp 6 431995 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=1024
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 431994 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=5555
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 299 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=39438 dport=33768 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=33768 dport=39438
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 300 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=32889 dport=40206 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=40206 dport=32889
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=2
Taking this further, test script in [2] creates 200 tenants and runs
original-tuple colliding netperf sessions each. A conntrack -L dump in
the gateway netns also confirms 200 overlapping entries, all in ESTABLISHED
state as expected.
I also did run various other tests with some permutations of the script,
to mention some: SNAT in random/random-fully/persistent mode, no zones (no
overlaps), static zones (original, reply, both directions), etc.
[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.devel/57412/
[2] https://paste.fedoraproject.org/242835/65657871/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
2015-08-14 08:03:39 -06:00
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static inline bool nf_ct_zone_matches_dir(const struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone,
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enum ip_conntrack_dir dir)
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{
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return zone->dir & (1 << dir);
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}
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static inline u16 nf_ct_zone_id(const struct nf_conntrack_zone *zone,
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enum ip_conntrack_dir dir)
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{
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2016-06-10 15:09:01 -06:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
|
netfilter: nf_conntrack: add direction support for zones
This work adds a direction parameter to netfilter zones, so identity
separation can be performed only in original/reply or both directions
(default). This basically opens up the possibility of doing NAT with
conflicting IP address/port tuples from multiple, isolated tenants
on a host (e.g. from a netns) without requiring each tenant to NAT
twice resp. to use its own dedicated IP address to SNAT to, meaning
overlapping tuples can be made unique with the zone identifier in
original direction, where the NAT engine will then allocate a unique
tuple in the commonly shared default zone for the reply direction.
In some restricted, local DNAT cases, also port redirection could be
used for making the reply traffic unique w/o requiring SNAT.
The consensus we've reached and discussed at NFWS and since the initial
implementation [1] was to directly integrate the direction meta data
into the existing zones infrastructure, as opposed to the ct->mark
approach we proposed initially.
As we pass the nf_conntrack_zone object directly around, we don't have
to touch all call-sites, but only those, that contain equality checks
of zones. Thus, based on the current direction (original or reply),
we either return the actual id, or the default NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID.
CT expectations are direction-agnostic entities when expectations are
being compared among themselves, so we can only use the identifier
in this case.
Note that zone identifiers can not be included into the hash mix
anymore as they don't contain a "stable" value that would be equal
for both directions at all times, f.e. if only zone->id would
unconditionally be xor'ed into the table slot hash, then replies won't
find the corresponding conntracking entry anymore.
If no particular direction is specified when configuring zones, the
behaviour is exactly as we expect currently (both directions).
Support has been added for the CT netlink interface as well as the
x_tables raw CT target, which both already offer existing interfaces
to user space for the configuration of zones.
Below a minimal, simplified collision example (script in [2]) with
netperf sessions:
+--- tenant-1 ---+ mark := 1
| netperf |--+
+----------------+ | CT zone := mark [ORIGINAL]
[ip,sport] := X +--------------+ +--- gateway ---+
| mark routing |--| SNAT |-- ... +
+--------------+ +---------------+ |
+--- tenant-2 ---+ | ~~~|~~~
| netperf |--+ +-----------+ |
+----------------+ mark := 2 | netserver |------ ... +
[ip,sport] := X +-----------+
[ip,port] := Y
On the gateway netns, example:
iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -j CT --zone mark --zone-dir ORIGINAL
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <dev> -j SNAT --to-source <ip> --random-fully
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir ORIGINAL -j CONNMARK --save-mark
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir REPLY -j CONNMARK --restore-mark
conntrack dump from gateway netns:
netperf -H 10.1.1.2 -t TCP_STREAM -l60 -p12865,5555 from each tenant netns
tcp 6 431995 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=1024
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 431994 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=5555
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 299 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=39438 dport=33768 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=33768 dport=39438
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 300 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=32889 dport=40206 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=40206 dport=32889
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=2
Taking this further, test script in [2] creates 200 tenants and runs
original-tuple colliding netperf sessions each. A conntrack -L dump in
the gateway netns also confirms 200 overlapping entries, all in ESTABLISHED
state as expected.
I also did run various other tests with some permutations of the script,
to mention some: SNAT in random/random-fully/persistent mode, no zones (no
overlaps), static zones (original, reply, both directions), etc.
[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.devel/57412/
[2] https://paste.fedoraproject.org/242835/65657871/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
2015-08-14 08:03:39 -06:00
|
|
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return nf_ct_zone_matches_dir(zone, dir) ?
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zone->id : NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID;
|
2016-06-10 15:09:01 -06:00
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#else
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return NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID;
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#endif
|
netfilter: nf_conntrack: add direction support for zones
This work adds a direction parameter to netfilter zones, so identity
separation can be performed only in original/reply or both directions
(default). This basically opens up the possibility of doing NAT with
conflicting IP address/port tuples from multiple, isolated tenants
on a host (e.g. from a netns) without requiring each tenant to NAT
twice resp. to use its own dedicated IP address to SNAT to, meaning
overlapping tuples can be made unique with the zone identifier in
original direction, where the NAT engine will then allocate a unique
tuple in the commonly shared default zone for the reply direction.
In some restricted, local DNAT cases, also port redirection could be
used for making the reply traffic unique w/o requiring SNAT.
The consensus we've reached and discussed at NFWS and since the initial
implementation [1] was to directly integrate the direction meta data
into the existing zones infrastructure, as opposed to the ct->mark
approach we proposed initially.
As we pass the nf_conntrack_zone object directly around, we don't have
to touch all call-sites, but only those, that contain equality checks
of zones. Thus, based on the current direction (original or reply),
we either return the actual id, or the default NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID.
CT expectations are direction-agnostic entities when expectations are
being compared among themselves, so we can only use the identifier
in this case.
Note that zone identifiers can not be included into the hash mix
anymore as they don't contain a "stable" value that would be equal
for both directions at all times, f.e. if only zone->id would
unconditionally be xor'ed into the table slot hash, then replies won't
find the corresponding conntracking entry anymore.
If no particular direction is specified when configuring zones, the
behaviour is exactly as we expect currently (both directions).
Support has been added for the CT netlink interface as well as the
x_tables raw CT target, which both already offer existing interfaces
to user space for the configuration of zones.
Below a minimal, simplified collision example (script in [2]) with
netperf sessions:
+--- tenant-1 ---+ mark := 1
| netperf |--+
+----------------+ | CT zone := mark [ORIGINAL]
[ip,sport] := X +--------------+ +--- gateway ---+
| mark routing |--| SNAT |-- ... +
+--------------+ +---------------+ |
+--- tenant-2 ---+ | ~~~|~~~
| netperf |--+ +-----------+ |
+----------------+ mark := 2 | netserver |------ ... +
[ip,sport] := X +-----------+
[ip,port] := Y
On the gateway netns, example:
iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -j CT --zone mark --zone-dir ORIGINAL
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <dev> -j SNAT --to-source <ip> --random-fully
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir ORIGINAL -j CONNMARK --save-mark
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir REPLY -j CONNMARK --restore-mark
conntrack dump from gateway netns:
netperf -H 10.1.1.2 -t TCP_STREAM -l60 -p12865,5555 from each tenant netns
tcp 6 431995 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=1024
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 431994 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=5555
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 299 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=39438 dport=33768 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=33768 dport=39438
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 300 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=32889 dport=40206 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=40206 dport=32889
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=2
Taking this further, test script in [2] creates 200 tenants and runs
original-tuple colliding netperf sessions each. A conntrack -L dump in
the gateway netns also confirms 200 overlapping entries, all in ESTABLISHED
state as expected.
I also did run various other tests with some permutations of the script,
to mention some: SNAT in random/random-fully/persistent mode, no zones (no
overlaps), static zones (original, reply, both directions), etc.
[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.devel/57412/
[2] https://paste.fedoraproject.org/242835/65657871/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
2015-08-14 08:03:39 -06:00
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
|
|
|
static inline bool nf_ct_zone_equal(const struct nf_conn *a,
|
netfilter: nf_conntrack: add direction support for zones
This work adds a direction parameter to netfilter zones, so identity
separation can be performed only in original/reply or both directions
(default). This basically opens up the possibility of doing NAT with
conflicting IP address/port tuples from multiple, isolated tenants
on a host (e.g. from a netns) without requiring each tenant to NAT
twice resp. to use its own dedicated IP address to SNAT to, meaning
overlapping tuples can be made unique with the zone identifier in
original direction, where the NAT engine will then allocate a unique
tuple in the commonly shared default zone for the reply direction.
In some restricted, local DNAT cases, also port redirection could be
used for making the reply traffic unique w/o requiring SNAT.
The consensus we've reached and discussed at NFWS and since the initial
implementation [1] was to directly integrate the direction meta data
into the existing zones infrastructure, as opposed to the ct->mark
approach we proposed initially.
As we pass the nf_conntrack_zone object directly around, we don't have
to touch all call-sites, but only those, that contain equality checks
of zones. Thus, based on the current direction (original or reply),
we either return the actual id, or the default NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID.
CT expectations are direction-agnostic entities when expectations are
being compared among themselves, so we can only use the identifier
in this case.
Note that zone identifiers can not be included into the hash mix
anymore as they don't contain a "stable" value that would be equal
for both directions at all times, f.e. if only zone->id would
unconditionally be xor'ed into the table slot hash, then replies won't
find the corresponding conntracking entry anymore.
If no particular direction is specified when configuring zones, the
behaviour is exactly as we expect currently (both directions).
Support has been added for the CT netlink interface as well as the
x_tables raw CT target, which both already offer existing interfaces
to user space for the configuration of zones.
Below a minimal, simplified collision example (script in [2]) with
netperf sessions:
+--- tenant-1 ---+ mark := 1
| netperf |--+
+----------------+ | CT zone := mark [ORIGINAL]
[ip,sport] := X +--------------+ +--- gateway ---+
| mark routing |--| SNAT |-- ... +
+--------------+ +---------------+ |
+--- tenant-2 ---+ | ~~~|~~~
| netperf |--+ +-----------+ |
+----------------+ mark := 2 | netserver |------ ... +
[ip,sport] := X +-----------+
[ip,port] := Y
On the gateway netns, example:
iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -j CT --zone mark --zone-dir ORIGINAL
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <dev> -j SNAT --to-source <ip> --random-fully
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir ORIGINAL -j CONNMARK --save-mark
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir REPLY -j CONNMARK --restore-mark
conntrack dump from gateway netns:
netperf -H 10.1.1.2 -t TCP_STREAM -l60 -p12865,5555 from each tenant netns
tcp 6 431995 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=1024
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 431994 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=5555
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 299 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=39438 dport=33768 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=33768 dport=39438
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 300 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=32889 dport=40206 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=40206 dport=32889
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=2
Taking this further, test script in [2] creates 200 tenants and runs
original-tuple colliding netperf sessions each. A conntrack -L dump in
the gateway netns also confirms 200 overlapping entries, all in ESTABLISHED
state as expected.
I also did run various other tests with some permutations of the script,
to mention some: SNAT in random/random-fully/persistent mode, no zones (no
overlaps), static zones (original, reply, both directions), etc.
[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.devel/57412/
[2] https://paste.fedoraproject.org/242835/65657871/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
2015-08-14 08:03:39 -06:00
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const struct nf_conntrack_zone *b,
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enum ip_conntrack_dir dir)
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{
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2016-06-10 15:09:01 -06:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
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netfilter: nf_conntrack: add direction support for zones
This work adds a direction parameter to netfilter zones, so identity
separation can be performed only in original/reply or both directions
(default). This basically opens up the possibility of doing NAT with
conflicting IP address/port tuples from multiple, isolated tenants
on a host (e.g. from a netns) without requiring each tenant to NAT
twice resp. to use its own dedicated IP address to SNAT to, meaning
overlapping tuples can be made unique with the zone identifier in
original direction, where the NAT engine will then allocate a unique
tuple in the commonly shared default zone for the reply direction.
In some restricted, local DNAT cases, also port redirection could be
used for making the reply traffic unique w/o requiring SNAT.
The consensus we've reached and discussed at NFWS and since the initial
implementation [1] was to directly integrate the direction meta data
into the existing zones infrastructure, as opposed to the ct->mark
approach we proposed initially.
As we pass the nf_conntrack_zone object directly around, we don't have
to touch all call-sites, but only those, that contain equality checks
of zones. Thus, based on the current direction (original or reply),
we either return the actual id, or the default NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID.
CT expectations are direction-agnostic entities when expectations are
being compared among themselves, so we can only use the identifier
in this case.
Note that zone identifiers can not be included into the hash mix
anymore as they don't contain a "stable" value that would be equal
for both directions at all times, f.e. if only zone->id would
unconditionally be xor'ed into the table slot hash, then replies won't
find the corresponding conntracking entry anymore.
If no particular direction is specified when configuring zones, the
behaviour is exactly as we expect currently (both directions).
Support has been added for the CT netlink interface as well as the
x_tables raw CT target, which both already offer existing interfaces
to user space for the configuration of zones.
Below a minimal, simplified collision example (script in [2]) with
netperf sessions:
+--- tenant-1 ---+ mark := 1
| netperf |--+
+----------------+ | CT zone := mark [ORIGINAL]
[ip,sport] := X +--------------+ +--- gateway ---+
| mark routing |--| SNAT |-- ... +
+--------------+ +---------------+ |
+--- tenant-2 ---+ | ~~~|~~~
| netperf |--+ +-----------+ |
+----------------+ mark := 2 | netserver |------ ... +
[ip,sport] := X +-----------+
[ip,port] := Y
On the gateway netns, example:
iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -j CT --zone mark --zone-dir ORIGINAL
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <dev> -j SNAT --to-source <ip> --random-fully
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir ORIGINAL -j CONNMARK --save-mark
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir REPLY -j CONNMARK --restore-mark
conntrack dump from gateway netns:
netperf -H 10.1.1.2 -t TCP_STREAM -l60 -p12865,5555 from each tenant netns
tcp 6 431995 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=1024
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 431994 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=5555
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 299 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=39438 dport=33768 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=33768 dport=39438
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 300 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=32889 dport=40206 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=40206 dport=32889
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=2
Taking this further, test script in [2] creates 200 tenants and runs
original-tuple colliding netperf sessions each. A conntrack -L dump in
the gateway netns also confirms 200 overlapping entries, all in ESTABLISHED
state as expected.
I also did run various other tests with some permutations of the script,
to mention some: SNAT in random/random-fully/persistent mode, no zones (no
overlaps), static zones (original, reply, both directions), etc.
[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.devel/57412/
[2] https://paste.fedoraproject.org/242835/65657871/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
2015-08-14 08:03:39 -06:00
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return nf_ct_zone_id(nf_ct_zone(a), dir) ==
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nf_ct_zone_id(b, dir);
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2016-06-10 15:09:01 -06:00
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#else
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return true;
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#endif
|
netfilter: nf_conntrack: add direction support for zones
This work adds a direction parameter to netfilter zones, so identity
separation can be performed only in original/reply or both directions
(default). This basically opens up the possibility of doing NAT with
conflicting IP address/port tuples from multiple, isolated tenants
on a host (e.g. from a netns) without requiring each tenant to NAT
twice resp. to use its own dedicated IP address to SNAT to, meaning
overlapping tuples can be made unique with the zone identifier in
original direction, where the NAT engine will then allocate a unique
tuple in the commonly shared default zone for the reply direction.
In some restricted, local DNAT cases, also port redirection could be
used for making the reply traffic unique w/o requiring SNAT.
The consensus we've reached and discussed at NFWS and since the initial
implementation [1] was to directly integrate the direction meta data
into the existing zones infrastructure, as opposed to the ct->mark
approach we proposed initially.
As we pass the nf_conntrack_zone object directly around, we don't have
to touch all call-sites, but only those, that contain equality checks
of zones. Thus, based on the current direction (original or reply),
we either return the actual id, or the default NF_CT_DEFAULT_ZONE_ID.
CT expectations are direction-agnostic entities when expectations are
being compared among themselves, so we can only use the identifier
in this case.
Note that zone identifiers can not be included into the hash mix
anymore as they don't contain a "stable" value that would be equal
for both directions at all times, f.e. if only zone->id would
unconditionally be xor'ed into the table slot hash, then replies won't
find the corresponding conntracking entry anymore.
If no particular direction is specified when configuring zones, the
behaviour is exactly as we expect currently (both directions).
Support has been added for the CT netlink interface as well as the
x_tables raw CT target, which both already offer existing interfaces
to user space for the configuration of zones.
Below a minimal, simplified collision example (script in [2]) with
netperf sessions:
+--- tenant-1 ---+ mark := 1
| netperf |--+
+----------------+ | CT zone := mark [ORIGINAL]
[ip,sport] := X +--------------+ +--- gateway ---+
| mark routing |--| SNAT |-- ... +
+--------------+ +---------------+ |
+--- tenant-2 ---+ | ~~~|~~~
| netperf |--+ +-----------+ |
+----------------+ mark := 2 | netserver |------ ... +
[ip,sport] := X +-----------+
[ip,port] := Y
On the gateway netns, example:
iptables -t raw -A PREROUTING -j CT --zone mark --zone-dir ORIGINAL
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o <dev> -j SNAT --to-source <ip> --random-fully
iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir ORIGINAL -j CONNMARK --save-mark
iptables -t mangle -A POSTROUTING -m conntrack --ctdir REPLY -j CONNMARK --restore-mark
conntrack dump from gateway netns:
netperf -H 10.1.1.2 -t TCP_STREAM -l60 -p12865,5555 from each tenant netns
tcp 6 431995 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=1024
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 431994 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=5555 dport=12865 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=12865 dport=5555
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 299 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=39438 dport=33768 zone-orig=1
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=33768 dport=39438
[ASSURED] mark=1 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=1
tcp 6 300 ESTABLISHED src=40.1.1.1 dst=10.1.1.2 sport=32889 dport=40206 zone-orig=2
src=10.1.1.2 dst=10.1.1.1 sport=40206 dport=32889
[ASSURED] mark=2 secctx=system_u:object_r:unlabeled_t:s0 use=2
Taking this further, test script in [2] creates 200 tenants and runs
original-tuple colliding netperf sessions each. A conntrack -L dump in
the gateway netns also confirms 200 overlapping entries, all in ESTABLISHED
state as expected.
I also did run various other tests with some permutations of the script,
to mention some: SNAT in random/random-fully/persistent mode, no zones (no
overlaps), static zones (original, reply, both directions), etc.
[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.security.firewalls.netfilter.devel/57412/
[2] https://paste.fedoraproject.org/242835/65657871/
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Signed-off-by: Pablo Neira Ayuso <pablo@netfilter.org>
2015-08-14 08:03:39 -06:00
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}
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static inline bool nf_ct_zone_equal_any(const struct nf_conn *a,
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const struct nf_conntrack_zone *b)
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2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
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{
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2016-06-10 15:09:01 -06:00
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#ifdef CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES
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2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
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return nf_ct_zone(a)->id == b->id;
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2016-06-10 15:09:01 -06:00
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#else
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return true;
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#endif
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2015-08-08 13:40:01 -06:00
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}
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#endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NF_CONNTRACK) */
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2010-02-15 10:13:33 -07:00
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#endif /* _NF_CONNTRACK_ZONES_H */
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