diff --git a/samples/bpf/sockex1_kern.c b/samples/bpf/sockex1_kern.c
index f96943f443ab..2408dbfb7a21 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/sockex1_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/sockex1_kern.c
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 #include "bpf_legacy.h"
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") my_map = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(long),
-	.max_entries = 256,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, long);
+	__uint(max_entries, 256);
+} my_map SEC(".maps");
 
 SEC("socket1")
 int bpf_prog1(struct __sk_buff *skb)
diff --git a/samples/bpf/sockex2_kern.c b/samples/bpf/sockex2_kern.c
index 5566fa7d92fa..a7bcd03bf529 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/sockex2_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/sockex2_kern.c
@@ -190,12 +190,12 @@ struct pair {
 	long bytes;
 };
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") hash_map = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
-	.key_size = sizeof(__be32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(struct pair),
-	.max_entries = 1024,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
+	__type(key, __be32);
+	__type(value, struct pair);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1024);
+} hash_map SEC(".maps");
 
 SEC("socket2")
 int bpf_prog2(struct __sk_buff *skb)
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp1_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp1_kern.c
index 219742106bfd..db6870aee42c 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp1_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp1_kern.c
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
 #include <linux/ipv6.h>
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rxcnt = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(long),
-	.max_entries = 256,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, long);
+	__uint(max_entries, 256);
+} rxcnt SEC(".maps");
 
 static int parse_ipv4(void *data, u64 nh_off, void *data_end)
 {
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp2_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp2_kern.c
index e01288867d15..c74b52c6d945 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp2_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp2_kern.c
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@
 #include <linux/ipv6.h>
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rxcnt = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(long),
-	.max_entries = 256,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, long);
+	__uint(max_entries, 256);
+} rxcnt SEC(".maps");
 
 static void swap_src_dst_mac(void *data)
 {
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_adjust_tail_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_adjust_tail_kern.c
index c616508befb9..0f707e0fb375 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_adjust_tail_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_adjust_tail_kern.c
@@ -28,12 +28,12 @@
 /* volatile to prevent compiler optimizations */
 static volatile __u32 max_pcktsz = MAX_PCKT_SIZE;
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") icmpcnt = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(__u64),
-	.max_entries = 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, __u32);
+	__type(value, __u64);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} icmpcnt SEC(".maps");
 
 static __always_inline void count_icmp(void)
 {
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_fwd_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_fwd_kern.c
index 701a30f258b1..d013029aeaa2 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_fwd_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_fwd_kern.c
@@ -23,13 +23,12 @@
 
 #define IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK              cpu_to_be32(0x0FFFFFFF)
 
-/* For TX-traffic redirect requires net_device ifindex to be in this devmap */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") xdp_tx_ports = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP,
-	.key_size = sizeof(int),
-	.value_size = sizeof(int),
-	.max_entries = 64,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP);
+	__uint(key_size, sizeof(int));
+	__uint(value_size, sizeof(int));
+	__uint(max_entries, 64);
+} xdp_tx_ports SEC(".maps");
 
 /* from include/net/ip.h */
 static __always_inline int ip_decrease_ttl(struct iphdr *iph)
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_cpu_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_cpu_kern.c
index a306d1c75622..cfcc31e51197 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_cpu_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_cpu_kern.c
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@
 #define MAX_CPUS 64 /* WARNING - sync with _user.c */
 
 /* Special map type that can XDP_REDIRECT frames to another CPU */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") cpu_map = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_CPUMAP,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.max_entries	= MAX_CPUS,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_CPUMAP);
+	__uint(key_size, sizeof(u32));
+	__uint(value_size, sizeof(u32));
+	__uint(max_entries, MAX_CPUS);
+} cpu_map SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Common stats data record to keep userspace more simple */
 struct datarec {
@@ -35,67 +35,67 @@ struct datarec {
 /* Count RX packets, as XDP bpf_prog doesn't get direct TX-success
  * feedback.  Redirect TX errors can be caught via a tracepoint.
  */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rx_cnt = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct datarec),
-	.max_entries	= 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, struct datarec);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} rx_cnt SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Used by trace point */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") redirect_err_cnt = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct datarec),
-	.max_entries	= 2,
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, struct datarec);
+	__uint(max_entries, 2);
 	/* TODO: have entries for all possible errno's */
-};
+} redirect_err_cnt SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Used by trace point */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") cpumap_enqueue_cnt = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct datarec),
-	.max_entries	= MAX_CPUS,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, struct datarec);
+	__uint(max_entries, MAX_CPUS);
+} cpumap_enqueue_cnt SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Used by trace point */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") cpumap_kthread_cnt = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct datarec),
-	.max_entries	= 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, struct datarec);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} cpumap_kthread_cnt SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Set of maps controlling available CPU, and for iterating through
  * selectable redirect CPUs.
  */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") cpus_available = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.max_entries	= MAX_CPUS,
-};
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") cpus_count = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.max_entries	= 1,
-};
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") cpus_iterator = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.max_entries	= 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, u32);
+	__uint(max_entries, MAX_CPUS);
+} cpus_available SEC(".maps");
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, u32);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} cpus_count SEC(".maps");
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, u32);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} cpus_iterator SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Used by trace point */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") exception_cnt = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct datarec),
-	.max_entries	= 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, struct datarec);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} exception_cnt SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Helper parse functions */
 
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_kern.c
index 8abb151e385f..1f0b7d05abb2 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_kern.c
@@ -19,22 +19,22 @@
 #include <linux/ipv6.h>
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") tx_port = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(int),
-	.value_size = sizeof(int),
-	.max_entries = 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, int);
+	__type(value, int);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} tx_port SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Count RX packets, as XDP bpf_prog doesn't get direct TX-success
  * feedback.  Redirect TX errors can be caught via a tracepoint.
  */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rxcnt = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(long),
-	.max_entries = 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, long);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} rxcnt SEC(".maps");
 
 static void swap_src_dst_mac(void *data)
 {
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_map_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_map_kern.c
index 740a529ba84f..4631b484c432 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_map_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_redirect_map_kern.c
@@ -19,22 +19,22 @@
 #include <linux/ipv6.h>
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") tx_port = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP,
-	.key_size = sizeof(int),
-	.value_size = sizeof(int),
-	.max_entries = 100,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP);
+	__uint(key_size, sizeof(int));
+	__uint(value_size, sizeof(int));
+	__uint(max_entries, 100);
+} tx_port SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Count RX packets, as XDP bpf_prog doesn't get direct TX-success
  * feedback.  Redirect TX errors can be caught via a tracepoint.
  */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rxcnt = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(long),
-	.max_entries = 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, long);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} rxcnt SEC(".maps");
 
 static void swap_src_dst_mac(void *data)
 {
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_router_ipv4_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_router_ipv4_kern.c
index 993f56bc7b9a..bf11efc8e949 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_router_ipv4_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_router_ipv4_kern.c
@@ -42,44 +42,44 @@ struct direct_map {
 };
 
 /* Map for trie implementation*/
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") lpm_map = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE,
-	.key_size = 8,
-	.value_size = sizeof(struct trie_value),
-	.max_entries = 50,
-	.map_flags = BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE);
+	__uint(key_size, 8);
+	__uint(value_size, sizeof(struct trie_value));
+	__uint(max_entries, 50);
+	__uint(map_flags, BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC);
+} lpm_map SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Map for counter*/
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rxcnt = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(u64),
-	.max_entries = 256,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, u64);
+	__uint(max_entries, 256);
+} rxcnt SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Map for ARP table*/
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") arp_table = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
-	.key_size = sizeof(__be32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(__be64),
-	.max_entries = 50,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
+	__type(key, __be32);
+	__type(value, __be64);
+	__uint(max_entries, 50);
+} arp_table SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Map to keep the exact match entries in the route table*/
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") exact_match = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
-	.key_size = sizeof(__be32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(struct direct_map),
-	.max_entries = 50,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
+	__type(key, __be32);
+	__type(value, struct direct_map);
+	__uint(max_entries, 50);
+} exact_match SEC(".maps");
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") tx_port = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP,
-	.key_size = sizeof(int),
-	.value_size = sizeof(int),
-	.max_entries = 100,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP);
+	__uint(key_size, sizeof(int));
+	__uint(value_size, sizeof(int));
+	__uint(max_entries, 100);
+} tx_port SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Function to set source and destination mac of the packet */
 static inline void set_src_dst_mac(void *data, void *src, void *dst)
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_rxq_info_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_rxq_info_kern.c
index 222a83eed1cb..272d0f82a6b5 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_rxq_info_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_rxq_info_kern.c
@@ -23,12 +23,13 @@ enum cfg_options_flags {
 	READ_MEM = 0x1U,
 	SWAP_MAC = 0x2U,
 };
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") config_map = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(int),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct config),
-	.max_entries	= 1,
-};
+
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, int);
+	__type(value, struct config);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} config_map SEC(".maps");
 
 /* Common stats data record (shared with userspace) */
 struct datarec {
@@ -36,22 +37,22 @@ struct datarec {
 	__u64 issue;
 };
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") stats_global_map = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct datarec),
-	.max_entries	= 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, struct datarec);
+	__uint(max_entries, 1);
+} stats_global_map SEC(".maps");
 
 #define MAX_RXQs 64
 
 /* Stats per rx_queue_index (per CPU) */
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rx_queue_index_map = {
-	.type		= BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size	= sizeof(u32),
-	.value_size	= sizeof(struct datarec),
-	.max_entries	= MAX_RXQs + 1,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, u32);
+	__type(value, struct datarec);
+	__uint(max_entries, MAX_RXQs + 1);
+} rx_queue_index_map SEC(".maps");
 
 static __always_inline
 void swap_src_dst_mac(void *data)
diff --git a/samples/bpf/xdp_tx_iptunnel_kern.c b/samples/bpf/xdp_tx_iptunnel_kern.c
index 0f4f6e8c8611..6db450a5c1ca 100644
--- a/samples/bpf/xdp_tx_iptunnel_kern.c
+++ b/samples/bpf/xdp_tx_iptunnel_kern.c
@@ -19,19 +19,19 @@
 #include "bpf_helpers.h"
 #include "xdp_tx_iptunnel_common.h"
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") rxcnt = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY,
-	.key_size = sizeof(__u32),
-	.value_size = sizeof(__u64),
-	.max_entries = 256,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY);
+	__type(key, __u32);
+	__type(value, __u64);
+	__uint(max_entries, 256);
+} rxcnt SEC(".maps");
 
-struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") vip2tnl = {
-	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
-	.key_size = sizeof(struct vip),
-	.value_size = sizeof(struct iptnl_info),
-	.max_entries = MAX_IPTNL_ENTRIES,
-};
+struct {
+	__uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH);
+	__type(key, struct vip);
+	__type(value, struct iptnl_info);
+	__uint(max_entries, MAX_IPTNL_ENTRIES);
+} vip2tnl SEC(".maps");
 
 static __always_inline void count_tx(u32 protocol)
 {