Merge branch 'thorsten' into docs-next
Jonathan Corbet
commit
7c11fcc5ad
|
|
@ -1,59 +1,164 @@
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|||
Tainted kernels
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---------------
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Some oops reports contain the string **'Tainted: '** after the program
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counter. This indicates that the kernel has been tainted by some
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mechanism. The string is followed by a series of position-sensitive
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characters, each representing a particular tainted value.
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The kernel will mark itself as 'tainted' when something occurs that might be
|
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relevant later when investigating problems. Don't worry too much about this,
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most of the time it's not a problem to run a tainted kernel; the information is
|
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mainly of interest once someone wants to investigate some problem, as its real
|
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cause might be the event that got the kernel tainted. That's why bug reports
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from tainted kernels will often be ignored by developers, hence try to reproduce
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problems with an untainted kernel.
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1) ``G`` if all modules loaded have a GPL or compatible license, ``P`` if
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Note the kernel will remain tainted even after you undo what caused the taint
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(i.e. unload a proprietary kernel module), to indicate the kernel remains not
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trustworthy. That's also why the kernel will print the tainted state when it
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notices an internal problem (a 'kernel bug'), a recoverable error
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('kernel oops') or a non-recoverable error ('kernel panic') and writes debug
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information about this to the logs ``dmesg`` outputs. It's also possible to
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check the tainted state at runtime through a file in ``/proc/``.
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Tainted flag in bugs, oops or panics messages
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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You find the tainted state near the top in a line starting with 'CPU:'; if or
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why the kernel was tainted is shown after the Process ID ('PID:') and a shortened
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name of the command ('Comm:') that triggered the event::
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BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000000
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Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP PTI
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CPU: 0 PID: 4424 Comm: insmod Tainted: P W O 4.20.0-0.rc6.fc30 #1
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Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 0.5.1 01/01/2011
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RIP: 0010:my_oops_init+0x13/0x1000 [kpanic]
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[...]
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You'll find a 'Not tainted: ' there if the kernel was not tainted at the
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time of the event; if it was, then it will print 'Tainted: ' and characters
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either letters or blanks. In above example it looks like this::
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Tainted: P W O
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The meaning of those characters is explained in the table below. In tis case
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the kernel got tainted earlier because a proprietary Module (``P``) was loaded,
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a warning occurred (``W``), and an externally-built module was loaded (``O``).
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To decode other letters use the table below.
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Decoding tainted state at runtime
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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At runtime, you can query the tainted state by reading
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``cat /proc/sys/kernel/tainted``. If that returns ``0``, the kernel is not
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tainted; any other number indicates the reasons why it is. The easiest way to
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decode that number is the script ``tools/debugging/kernel-chktaint``, which your
|
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distribution might ship as part of a package called ``linux-tools`` or
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``kernel-tools``; if it doesn't you can download the script from
|
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`git.kernel.org <https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/plain/tools/debugging/kernel-chktaint>`_
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and execute it with ``sh kernel-chktaint``, which would print something like
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this on the machine that had the statements in the logs that were quoted earlier::
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Kernel is Tainted for following reasons:
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* Proprietary module was loaded (#0)
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* Kernel issued warning (#9)
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* Externally-built ('out-of-tree') module was loaded (#12)
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See Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst in the the Linux kernel or
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https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.html for
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a more details explanation of the various taint flags.
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Raw taint value as int/string: 4609/'P W O '
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You can try to decode the number yourself. That's easy if there was only one
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reason that got your kernel tainted, as in this case you can find the number
|
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with the table below. If there were multiple reasons you need to decode the
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number, as it is a bitfield, where each bit indicates the absence or presence of
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a particular type of taint. It's best to leave that to the aforementioned
|
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script, but if you need something quick you can use this shell command to check
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which bits are set::
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$ for i in $(seq 18); do echo $(($i-1)) $(($(cat /proc/sys/kernel/tainted)>>($i-1)&1));done
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Table for decoding tainted state
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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=== === ====== ========================================================
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Bit Log Number Reason that got the kernel tainted
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=== === ====== ========================================================
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0 G/P 1 proprietary module was loaded
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1 _/F 2 module was force loaded
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2 _/S 4 SMP kernel oops on an officially SMP incapable processor
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3 _/R 8 module was force unloaded
|
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4 _/M 16 processor reported a Machine Check Exception (MCE)
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5 _/B 32 bad page referenced or some unexpected page flags
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||||
6 _/U 64 taint requested by userspace application
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7 _/D 128 kernel died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG
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8 _/A 256 ACPI table overridden by user
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9 _/W 512 kernel issued warning
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10 _/C 1024 staging driver was loaded
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11 _/I 2048 workaround for bug in platform firmware applied
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12 _/O 4096 externally-built ("out-of-tree") module was loaded
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13 _/E 8192 unsigned module was loaded
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14 _/L 16384 soft lockup occurred
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15 _/K 32768 kernel has been live patched
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16 _/X 65536 auxiliary taint, defined for and used by distros
|
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17 _/T 131072 kernel was built with the struct randomization plugin
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=== === ====== ========================================================
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||||
|
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Note: The character ``_`` is representing a blank in this table to make reading
|
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easier.
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|
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More detailed explanation for tainting
|
||||
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||||
|
||||
0) ``G`` if all modules loaded have a GPL or compatible license, ``P`` if
|
||||
any proprietary module has been loaded. Modules without a
|
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MODULE_LICENSE or with a MODULE_LICENSE that is not recognised by
|
||||
insmod as GPL compatible are assumed to be proprietary.
|
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|
||||
2) ``F`` if any module was force loaded by ``insmod -f``, ``' '`` if all
|
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1) ``F`` if any module was force loaded by ``insmod -f``, ``' '`` if all
|
||||
modules were loaded normally.
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|
||||
3) ``S`` if the oops occurred on an SMP kernel running on hardware that
|
||||
2) ``S`` if the oops occurred on an SMP kernel running on hardware that
|
||||
hasn't been certified as safe to run multiprocessor.
|
||||
Currently this occurs only on various Athlons that are not
|
||||
SMP capable.
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|
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4) ``R`` if a module was force unloaded by ``rmmod -f``, ``' '`` if all
|
||||
3) ``R`` if a module was force unloaded by ``rmmod -f``, ``' '`` if all
|
||||
modules were unloaded normally.
|
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|
||||
5) ``M`` if any processor has reported a Machine Check Exception,
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4) ``M`` if any processor has reported a Machine Check Exception,
|
||||
``' '`` if no Machine Check Exceptions have occurred.
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||||
|
||||
6) ``B`` if a page-release function has found a bad page reference or
|
||||
some unexpected page flags.
|
||||
5) ``B`` If a page-release function has found a bad page reference or some
|
||||
unexpected page flags. This indicates a hardware problem or a kernel bug;
|
||||
there should be other information in the log indicating why this tainting
|
||||
occured.
|
||||
|
||||
7) ``U`` if a user or user application specifically requested that the
|
||||
6) ``U`` if a user or user application specifically requested that the
|
||||
Tainted flag be set, ``' '`` otherwise.
|
||||
|
||||
8) ``D`` if the kernel has died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG.
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||||
7) ``D`` if the kernel has died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG.
|
||||
|
||||
9) ``A`` if the ACPI table has been overridden.
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||||
8) ``A`` if an ACPI table has been overridden.
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||||
|
||||
10) ``W`` if a warning has previously been issued by the kernel.
|
||||
9) ``W`` if a warning has previously been issued by the kernel.
|
||||
(Though some warnings may set more specific taint flags.)
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||||
|
||||
11) ``C`` if a staging driver has been loaded.
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10) ``C`` if a staging driver has been loaded.
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||||
|
||||
12) ``I`` if the kernel is working around a severe bug in the platform
|
||||
11) ``I`` if the kernel is working around a severe bug in the platform
|
||||
firmware (BIOS or similar).
|
||||
|
||||
13) ``O`` if an externally-built ("out-of-tree") module has been loaded.
|
||||
12) ``O`` if an externally-built ("out-of-tree") module has been loaded.
|
||||
|
||||
14) ``E`` if an unsigned module has been loaded in a kernel supporting
|
||||
13) ``E`` if an unsigned module has been loaded in a kernel supporting
|
||||
module signature.
|
||||
|
||||
15) ``L`` if a soft lockup has previously occurred on the system.
|
||||
14) ``L`` if a soft lockup has previously occurred on the system.
|
||||
|
||||
16) ``K`` if the kernel has been live patched.
|
||||
15) ``K`` if the kernel has been live patched.
|
||||
|
||||
The primary reason for the **'Tainted: '** string is to tell kernel
|
||||
debuggers if this is a clean kernel or if anything unusual has
|
||||
occurred. Tainting is permanent: even if an offending module is
|
||||
unloaded, the tainted value remains to indicate that the kernel is not
|
||||
trustworthy.
|
||||
16) ``X`` Auxiliary taint, defined for and used by Linux distributors.
|
||||
|
||||
17) ``T`` Kernel was build with the randstruct plugin, which can intentionally
|
||||
produce extremely unusual kernel structure layouts (even performance
|
||||
pathological ones), which is important to know when debugging. Set at
|
||||
build time.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ show up in /proc/sys/kernel:
|
|||
- stop-a [ SPARC only ]
|
||||
- sysrq ==> Documentation/admin-guide/sysrq.rst
|
||||
- sysctl_writes_strict
|
||||
- tainted
|
||||
- tainted ==> Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst
|
||||
- threads-max
|
||||
- unknown_nmi_panic
|
||||
- watchdog
|
||||
|
|
@ -1019,39 +1019,33 @@ compilation sees a 1% slowdown, other systems and workloads may vary.
|
|||
|
||||
1: kernel stack erasing is enabled (default), it is performed before
|
||||
returning to the userspace at the end of syscalls.
|
||||
|
||||
==============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
tainted:
|
||||
tainted
|
||||
|
||||
Non-zero if the kernel has been tainted. Numeric values, which can be
|
||||
ORed together. The letters are seen in "Tainted" line of Oops reports.
|
||||
|
||||
1 (P): A module with a non-GPL license has been loaded, this
|
||||
includes modules with no license.
|
||||
Set by modutils >= 2.4.9 and module-init-tools.
|
||||
2 (F): A module was force loaded by insmod -f.
|
||||
Set by modutils >= 2.4.9 and module-init-tools.
|
||||
4 (S): Unsafe SMP processors: SMP with CPUs not designed for SMP.
|
||||
8 (R): A module was forcibly unloaded from the system by rmmod -f.
|
||||
16 (M): A hardware machine check error occurred on the system.
|
||||
32 (B): A bad page was discovered on the system.
|
||||
64 (U): The user has asked that the system be marked "tainted". This
|
||||
could be because they are running software that directly modifies
|
||||
the hardware, or for other reasons.
|
||||
128 (D): The system has died.
|
||||
256 (A): The ACPI DSDT has been overridden with one supplied by the user
|
||||
instead of using the one provided by the hardware.
|
||||
512 (W): A kernel warning has occurred.
|
||||
1024 (C): A module from drivers/staging was loaded.
|
||||
2048 (I): The system is working around a severe firmware bug.
|
||||
4096 (O): An out-of-tree module has been loaded.
|
||||
8192 (E): An unsigned module has been loaded in a kernel supporting module
|
||||
signature.
|
||||
16384 (L): A soft lockup has previously occurred on the system.
|
||||
32768 (K): The kernel has been live patched.
|
||||
65536 (X): Auxiliary taint, defined and used by for distros.
|
||||
131072 (T): The kernel was built with the struct randomization plugin.
|
||||
1 (P): proprietary module was loaded
|
||||
2 (F): module was force loaded
|
||||
4 (S): SMP kernel oops on an officially SMP incapable processor
|
||||
8 (R): module was force unloaded
|
||||
16 (M): processor reported a Machine Check Exception (MCE)
|
||||
32 (B): bad page referenced or some unexpected page flags
|
||||
64 (U): taint requested by userspace application
|
||||
128 (D): kernel died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG
|
||||
256 (A): an ACPI table was overridden by user
|
||||
512 (W): kernel issued warning
|
||||
1024 (C): staging driver was loaded
|
||||
2048 (I): workaround for bug in platform firmware applied
|
||||
4096 (O): externally-built ("out-of-tree") module was loaded
|
||||
8192 (E): unsigned module was loaded
|
||||
16384 (L): soft lockup occurred
|
||||
32768 (K): kernel has been live patched
|
||||
65536 (X): Auxiliary taint, defined and used by for distros
|
||||
131072 (T): The kernel was built with the struct randomization plugin
|
||||
|
||||
See Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst for more information.
|
||||
|
||||
==============================================================
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ help:
|
|||
@echo ' acpi - ACPI tools'
|
||||
@echo ' cgroup - cgroup tools'
|
||||
@echo ' cpupower - a tool for all things x86 CPU power'
|
||||
@echo ' debugging - tools for debugging'
|
||||
@echo ' firewire - the userspace part of nosy, an IEEE-1394 traffic sniffer'
|
||||
@echo ' firmware - Firmware tools'
|
||||
@echo ' freefall - laptop accelerometer program for disk protection'
|
||||
|
|
@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ acpi: FORCE
|
|||
cpupower: FORCE
|
||||
$(call descend,power/$@)
|
||||
|
||||
cgroup firewire hv guest spi usb virtio vm bpf iio gpio objtool leds wmi pci firmware: FORCE
|
||||
cgroup firewire hv guest spi usb virtio vm bpf iio gpio objtool leds wmi pci firmware debugging: FORCE
|
||||
$(call descend,$@)
|
||||
|
||||
liblockdep: FORCE
|
||||
|
|
@ -96,7 +97,8 @@ kvm_stat: FORCE
|
|||
all: acpi cgroup cpupower gpio hv firewire liblockdep \
|
||||
perf selftests spi turbostat usb \
|
||||
virtio vm bpf x86_energy_perf_policy \
|
||||
tmon freefall iio objtool kvm_stat wmi pci
|
||||
tmon freefall iio objtool kvm_stat wmi \
|
||||
pci debugging
|
||||
|
||||
acpi_install:
|
||||
$(call descend,power/$(@:_install=),install)
|
||||
|
|
@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ acpi_install:
|
|||
cpupower_install:
|
||||
$(call descend,power/$(@:_install=),install)
|
||||
|
||||
cgroup_install firewire_install gpio_install hv_install iio_install perf_install spi_install usb_install virtio_install vm_install bpf_install objtool_install wmi_install pci_install:
|
||||
cgroup_install firewire_install gpio_install hv_install iio_install perf_install spi_install usb_install virtio_install vm_install bpf_install objtool_install wmi_install pci_install debugging_install:
|
||||
$(call descend,$(@:_install=),install)
|
||||
|
||||
liblockdep_install:
|
||||
|
|
@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ install: acpi_install cgroup_install cpupower_install gpio_install \
|
|||
perf_install selftests_install turbostat_install usb_install \
|
||||
virtio_install vm_install bpf_install x86_energy_perf_policy_install \
|
||||
tmon_install freefall_install objtool_install kvm_stat_install \
|
||||
wmi_install pci_install
|
||||
wmi_install pci_install debugging_install
|
||||
|
||||
acpi_clean:
|
||||
$(call descend,power/acpi,clean)
|
||||
|
|
@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ acpi_clean:
|
|||
cpupower_clean:
|
||||
$(call descend,power/cpupower,clean)
|
||||
|
||||
cgroup_clean hv_clean firewire_clean spi_clean usb_clean virtio_clean vm_clean wmi_clean bpf_clean iio_clean gpio_clean objtool_clean leds_clean pci_clean firmware_clean:
|
||||
cgroup_clean hv_clean firewire_clean spi_clean usb_clean virtio_clean vm_clean wmi_clean bpf_clean iio_clean gpio_clean objtool_clean leds_clean pci_clean firmware_clean debugging_clean:
|
||||
$(call descend,$(@:_clean=),clean)
|
||||
|
||||
liblockdep_clean:
|
||||
|
|
@ -176,6 +178,6 @@ clean: acpi_clean cgroup_clean cpupower_clean hv_clean firewire_clean \
|
|||
perf_clean selftests_clean turbostat_clean spi_clean usb_clean virtio_clean \
|
||||
vm_clean bpf_clean iio_clean x86_energy_perf_policy_clean tmon_clean \
|
||||
freefall_clean build_clean libbpf_clean libsubcmd_clean liblockdep_clean \
|
||||
gpio_clean objtool_clean leds_clean wmi_clean pci_clean firmware_clean
|
||||
gpio_clean objtool_clean leds_clean wmi_clean pci_clean firmware_clean debugging_clean
|
||||
|
||||
.PHONY: FORCE
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
|||
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
|
||||
# Makefile for debugging tools
|
||||
|
||||
PREFIX ?= /usr
|
||||
BINDIR ?= bin
|
||||
INSTALL ?= install
|
||||
|
||||
TARGET = kernel-chktaint
|
||||
|
||||
all: $(TARGET)
|
||||
|
||||
clean:
|
||||
|
||||
install: kernel-chktaint
|
||||
$(INSTALL) -D -m 755 $(TARGET) $(DESTDIR)$(PREFIX)/$(BINDIR)/$(TARGET)
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
|
|||
#! /bin/sh
|
||||
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>, 2018
|
||||
# Thorsten Leemhuis <linux@leemhuis.info>, 2018
|
||||
|
||||
usage()
|
||||
{
|
||||
cat <<EOF
|
||||
usage: ${0##*/}
|
||||
${0##*/} <int>
|
||||
|
||||
Call without parameters to decode /proc/sys/kernel/tainted.
|
||||
|
||||
Call with a positive integer as parameter to decode a value you
|
||||
retrieved from /proc/sys/kernel/tainted on another system.
|
||||
|
||||
EOF
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if [ "$1"x != "x" ]; then
|
||||
if [ "$1"x == "--helpx" ] || [ "$1"x == "-hx" ] ; then
|
||||
usage
|
||||
exit 1
|
||||
elif [ $1 -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null ; then
|
||||
taint=$1
|
||||
else
|
||||
echo "Error: Parameter '$1' not a positive interger. Aborting." >&2
|
||||
exit 1
|
||||
fi
|
||||
else
|
||||
TAINTFILE="/proc/sys/kernel/tainted"
|
||||
if [ ! -r $TAINTFILE ]; then
|
||||
echo "No file: $TAINTFILE"
|
||||
exit
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
taint=`cat $TAINTFILE`
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
if [ $taint -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
echo "Kernel not Tainted"
|
||||
exit
|
||||
else
|
||||
echo "Kernel is \"tainted\" for the following reasons:"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=$taint
|
||||
out=
|
||||
|
||||
addout() {
|
||||
out=$out$1
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout "G"
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "P"
|
||||
echo " * proprietary module was loaded (#0)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "F"
|
||||
echo " * module was force loaded (#1)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "S"
|
||||
echo " * SMP kernel oops on an officially SMP incapable processor (#2)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "R"
|
||||
echo " * module was force unloaded (#3)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "M"
|
||||
echo " * processor reported a Machine Check Exception (MCE) (#4)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "B"
|
||||
echo " * bad page referenced or some unexpected page flags (#5)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "U"
|
||||
echo " * taint requested by userspace application (#6)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "D"
|
||||
echo " * kernel died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG (#7)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "A"
|
||||
echo " * an ACPI table was overridden by user (#8)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "W"
|
||||
echo " * kernel issued warning (#9)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "C"
|
||||
echo " * staging driver was loaded (#10)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "I"
|
||||
echo " * workaround for bug in platform firmware applied (#11)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "O"
|
||||
echo " * externally-built ('out-of-tree') module was loaded (#12)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "E"
|
||||
echo " * unsigned module was loaded (#13)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "L"
|
||||
echo " * soft lockup occurred (#14)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "K"
|
||||
echo " * kernel has been live patched (#15)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "X"
|
||||
echo " * auxiliary taint, defined for and used by distros (#16)"
|
||||
|
||||
fi
|
||||
T=`expr $T / 2`
|
||||
if [ `expr $T % 2` -eq 0 ]; then
|
||||
addout " "
|
||||
else
|
||||
addout "T"
|
||||
echo " * kernel was built with the struct randomization plugin (#17)"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
echo "For a more detailed explanation of the various taint flags see"
|
||||
echo " Documentation/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.rst in the the Linux kernel sources"
|
||||
echo " or https://kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/tainted-kernels.html"
|
||||
echo "Raw taint value as int/string: $taint/'$out'"
|
||||
#EOF#
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue