[SCSI] add scsi changer driver
This patch adds a device driver for scsi media changer devices. Signed-off-by: Gerd Knorr <kraxel@bytesex.org> Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@SteelEye.com>hifive-unleashed-5.1
Gerd Knorr
James Bottomley
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README for the SCSI media changer driver
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========================================
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This is a driver for SCSI Medium Changer devices, which are listed
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with "Type: Medium Changer" in /proc/scsi/scsi.
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This is for *real* Jukeboxes. It is *not* supported to work with
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common small CD-ROM changers, neither one-lun-per-slot SCSI changers
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nor IDE drives.
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Userland tools available from here:
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http://linux.bytesex.org/misc/changer.html
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General Information
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-------------------
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First some words about how changers work: A changer has 2 (possibly
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more) SCSI ID's. One for the changer device which controls the robot,
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and one for the device which actually reads and writes the data. The
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later may be anything, a MOD, a CD-ROM, a tape or whatever. For the
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changer device this is a "don't care", he *only* shuffles around the
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media, nothing else.
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The SCSI changer model is complex, compared to - for example - IDE-CD
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changers. But it allows to handle nearly all possible cases. It knows
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4 different types of changer elements:
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media transport - this one shuffles around the media, i.e. the
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transport arm. Also known as "picker".
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storage - a slot which can hold a media.
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import/export - the same as above, but is accessable from outside,
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i.e. there the operator (you !) can use this to
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fill in and remove media from the changer.
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Sometimes named "mailslot".
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data transfer - this is the device which reads/writes, i.e. the
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CD-ROM / Tape / whatever drive.
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None of these is limited to one: A huge Jukebox could have slots for
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123 CD-ROM's, 5 CD-ROM readers (and therefore 6 SCSI ID's: the changer
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and each CD-ROM) and 2 transport arms. No problem to handle.
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How it is implemented
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---------------------
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I implemented the driver as character device driver with a NetBSD-like
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ioctl interface. Just grabbed NetBSD's header file and one of the
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other linux SCSI device drivers as starting point. The interface
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should be source code compatible with NetBSD. So if there is any
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software (anybody knows ???) which supports a BSDish changer driver,
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it should work with this driver too.
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Over time a few more ioctls where added, volume tag support for example
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wasn't covered by the NetBSD ioctl API.
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Current State
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-------------
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Support for more than one transport arm is not implemented yet (and
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nobody asked for it so far...).
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I test and use the driver myself with a 35 slot cdrom jukebox from
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Grundig. I got some reports telling it works ok with tape autoloaders
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(Exabyte, HP and DEC). Some People use this driver with amanda. It
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works fine with small (11 slots) and a huge (4 MOs, 88 slots)
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magneto-optical Jukebox. Probably with lots of other changers too, most
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(but not all :-) people mail me only if it does *not* work...
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I don't have any device lists, neither black-list nor white-list. Thus
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it is quite useless to ask me whenever a specific device is supported or
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not. In theory every changer device which supports the SCSI-2 media
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changer command set should work out-of-the-box with this driver. If it
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doesn't, it is a bug. Either within the driver or within the firmware
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of the changer device.
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Using it
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--------
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This is a character device with major number is 86, so use
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"mknod /dev/sch0 c 86 0" to create the special file for the driver.
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If the module finds the changer, it prints some messages about the
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device [ try "dmesg" if you don't see anything ] and should show up in
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/proc/devices. If not.... some changers use ID ? / LUN 0 for the
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device and ID ? / LUN 1 for the robot mechanism. But Linux does *not*
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look for LUN's other than 0 as default, becauce there are to many
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broken devices. So you can try:
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1) echo "scsi add-single-device 0 0 ID 1" > /proc/scsi/scsi
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(replace ID with the SCSI-ID of the device)
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2) boot the kernel with "max_scsi_luns=1" on the command line
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(append="max_scsi_luns=1" in lilo.conf should do the trick)
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Trouble?
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--------
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If you insmod the driver with "insmod debug=1", it will be verbose and
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prints a lot of stuff to the syslog. Compiling the kernel with
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CONFIG_SCSI_CONSTANTS=y improves the quality of the error messages alot
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because the kernel will translate the error codes into human-readable
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strings then.
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You can display these messages with the dmesg command (or check the
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logfiles). If you email me some question becauce of a problem with the
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driver, please include these messages.
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Insmod options
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--------------
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debug=0/1
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Enable debug messages (see above, default: 0).
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verbose=0/1
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Be verbose (default: 1).
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init=0/1
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Send INITIALIZE ELEMENT STATUS command to the changer
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at insmod time (default: 1).
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timeout_init=<seconds>
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timeout for the INITIALIZE ELEMENT STATUS command
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(default: 3600).
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timeout_move=<seconds>
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timeout for all other commands (default: 120).
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dt_id=<id1>,<id2>,...
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dt_lun=<lun1>,<lun2>,...
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These two allow to specify the SCSI ID and LUN for the data
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transfer elements. You likely don't need this as the jukebox
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should provide this information. But some devices don't ...
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vendor_firsts=
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vendor_counts=
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vendor_labels=
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These insmod options can be used to tell the driver that there
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are some vendor-specific element types. Grundig for example
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does this. Some jukeboxes have a printer to label fresh burned
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CDs, which is addressed as element 0xc000 (type 5). To tell the
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driver about this vendor-specific element, use this:
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$ insmod ch \
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vendor_firsts=0xc000 \
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vendor_counts=1 \
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vendor_labels=printer
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All three insmod options accept up to four comma-separated
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values, this way you can configure the element types 5-8.
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You likely need the SCSI specs for the device in question to
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find the correct values as they are not covered by the SCSI-2
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standard.
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Credits
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-------
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I wrote this driver using the famous mailing-patches-around-the-world
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method. With (more or less) help from:
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Daniel Moehwald <moehwald@hdg.de>
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Dane Jasper <dane@sonic.net>
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R. Scott Bailey <sbailey@dsddi.eds.com>
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Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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Special thanks go to
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Martin Kuehne <martin.kuehne@bnbt.de>
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for a old, second-hand (but full functional) cdrom jukebox which I use
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to develop/test driver and tools now.
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Have fun,
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Gerd
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--
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Gerd Knorr <kraxel@bytesex.org>
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@ -137,6 +137,24 @@ config CHR_DEV_SG
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If unsure, say N.
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config CHR_DEV_SCH
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tristate "SCSI media changer support"
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depends on SCSI
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---help---
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This is a driver for SCSI media changers. Most common devices are
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tape libraries and MOD/CDROM jukeboxes. *Real* jukeboxes, you
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don't need this for those tiny 6-slot cdrom changers. Media
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changers are listed as "Type: Medium Changer" in /proc/scsi/scsi.
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If you have such hardware and want to use it with linux, say Y
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here. Check <file:Documentation/scsi-changer.txt> for details.
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If you want to compile this as a module ( = code which can be
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inserted in and removed from the running kernel whenever you want),
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say M here and read <file:Documentation/modules.txt> and
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<file:Documentation/scsi.txt>. The module will be called ch.o.
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If unsure, say N.
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comment "Some SCSI devices (e.g. CD jukebox) support multiple LUNs"
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depends on SCSI
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@ -140,6 +140,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_CHR_DEV_OSST) += osst.o
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obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SD) += sd_mod.o
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obj-$(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_SR) += sr_mod.o
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obj-$(CONFIG_CHR_DEV_SG) += sg.o
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obj-$(CONFIG_CHR_DEV_SCH) += ch.o
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scsi_mod-y += scsi.o hosts.o scsi_ioctl.o constants.o \
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scsicam.o scsi_error.o scsi_lib.o \
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File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load Diff
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@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
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/*
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* ioctl interface for the scsi media changer driver
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*/
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/* changer element types */
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#define CHET_MT 0 /* media transport element (robot) */
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#define CHET_ST 1 /* storage element (media slots) */
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#define CHET_IE 2 /* import/export element */
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#define CHET_DT 3 /* data transfer element (tape/cdrom/whatever) */
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#define CHET_V1 4 /* vendor specific #1 */
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#define CHET_V2 5 /* vendor specific #2 */
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#define CHET_V3 6 /* vendor specific #3 */
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#define CHET_V4 7 /* vendor specific #4 */
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/*
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* CHIOGPARAMS
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* query changer properties
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*
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* CHIOVGPARAMS
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* query vendor-specific element types
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*
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* accessing elements works by specifing type and unit of the element.
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* for eample, storage elements are addressed with type = CHET_ST and
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* unit = 0 .. cp_nslots-1
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*
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*/
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struct changer_params {
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int cp_curpicker; /* current transport element */
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int cp_npickers; /* number of transport elements (CHET_MT) */
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int cp_nslots; /* number of storage elements (CHET_ST) */
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int cp_nportals; /* number of import/export elements (CHET_IE) */
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int cp_ndrives; /* number of data transfer elements (CHET_DT) */
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};
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struct changer_vendor_params {
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int cvp_n1; /* number of vendor specific elems (CHET_V1) */
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char cvp_label1[16];
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int cvp_n2; /* number of vendor specific elems (CHET_V2) */
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char cvp_label2[16];
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int cvp_n3; /* number of vendor specific elems (CHET_V3) */
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char cvp_label3[16];
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int cvp_n4; /* number of vendor specific elems (CHET_V4) */
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char cvp_label4[16];
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int reserved[8];
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};
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/*
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* CHIOMOVE
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* move a medium from one element to another
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*/
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struct changer_move {
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int cm_fromtype; /* type/unit of source element */
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int cm_fromunit;
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int cm_totype; /* type/unit of destination element */
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int cm_tounit;
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int cm_flags;
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};
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#define CM_INVERT 1 /* flag: rotate media (for double-sided like MOD) */
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/*
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* CHIOEXCHANGE
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* move one medium from element #1 to element #2,
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* and another one from element #2 to element #3.
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* element #1 and #3 are allowed to be identical.
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*/
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struct changer_exchange {
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int ce_srctype; /* type/unit of element #1 */
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int ce_srcunit;
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int ce_fdsttype; /* type/unit of element #2 */
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int ce_fdstunit;
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int ce_sdsttype; /* type/unit of element #3 */
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int ce_sdstunit;
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int ce_flags;
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};
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#define CE_INVERT1 1
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#define CE_INVERT2 2
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/*
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* CHIOPOSITION
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* move the transport element (robot arm) to a specific element.
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*/
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struct changer_position {
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int cp_type;
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int cp_unit;
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int cp_flags;
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};
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#define CP_INVERT 1
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/*
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* CHIOGSTATUS
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* get element status for all elements of a specific type
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*/
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struct changer_element_status {
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int ces_type;
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unsigned char *ces_data;
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};
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#define CESTATUS_FULL 0x01 /* full */
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#define CESTATUS_IMPEXP 0x02 /* media was imported (inserted by sysop) */
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#define CESTATUS_EXCEPT 0x04 /* error condition */
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#define CESTATUS_ACCESS 0x08 /* access allowed */
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#define CESTATUS_EXENAB 0x10 /* element can export media */
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#define CESTATUS_INENAB 0x20 /* element can import media */
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/*
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* CHIOGELEM
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* get more detailed status informtion for a single element
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*/
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struct changer_get_element {
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int cge_type; /* type/unit */
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int cge_unit;
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int cge_status; /* status */
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int cge_errno; /* errno */
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int cge_srctype; /* source element of the last move/exchange */
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int cge_srcunit;
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int cge_id; /* scsi id (for data transfer elements) */
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int cge_lun; /* scsi lun (for data transfer elements) */
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char cge_pvoltag[36]; /* primary volume tag */
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char cge_avoltag[36]; /* alternate volume tag */
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int cge_flags;
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};
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/* flags */
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#define CGE_ERRNO 0x01 /* errno available */
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#define CGE_INVERT 0x02 /* media inverted */
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#define CGE_SRC 0x04 /* media src available */
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#define CGE_IDLUN 0x08 /* ID+LUN available */
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#define CGE_PVOLTAG 0x10 /* primary volume tag available */
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#define CGE_AVOLTAG 0x20 /* alternate volume tag available */
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/*
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* CHIOSVOLTAG
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* set volume tag
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*/
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struct changer_set_voltag {
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int csv_type; /* type/unit */
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int csv_unit;
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char csv_voltag[36]; /* volume tag */
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int csv_flags;
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};
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#define CSV_PVOLTAG 0x01 /* primary volume tag */
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#define CSV_AVOLTAG 0x02 /* alternate volume tag */
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#define CSV_CLEARTAG 0x04 /* clear volume tag */
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/* ioctls */
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#define CHIOMOVE _IOW('c', 1,struct changer_move)
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#define CHIOEXCHANGE _IOW('c', 2,struct changer_exchange)
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#define CHIOPOSITION _IOW('c', 3,struct changer_position)
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#define CHIOGPICKER _IOR('c', 4,int) /* not impl. */
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#define CHIOSPICKER _IOW('c', 5,int) /* not impl. */
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#define CHIOGPARAMS _IOR('c', 6,struct changer_params)
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#define CHIOGSTATUS _IOW('c', 8,struct changer_element_status)
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#define CHIOGELEM _IOW('c',16,struct changer_get_element)
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#define CHIOINITELEM _IO('c',17)
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#define CHIOSVOLTAG _IOW('c',18,struct changer_set_voltag)
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#define CHIOGVPARAMS _IOR('c',19,struct changer_vendor_params)
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/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
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/*
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* Local variables:
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* c-basic-offset: 8
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* End:
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*/
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@ -100,6 +100,7 @@
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#define I2O_MAJOR 80 /* 80->87 */
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#define SHMIQ_MAJOR 85 /* Linux/mips, SGI /dev/shmiq */
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#define SCSI_CHANGER_MAJOR 86
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#define IDE6_MAJOR 88
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#define IDE7_MAJOR 89
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@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ extern const char *const scsi_device_types[MAX_SCSI_DEVICE_CODE];
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#define FORMAT_UNIT 0x04
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#define READ_BLOCK_LIMITS 0x05
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#define REASSIGN_BLOCKS 0x07
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#define INITIALIZE_ELEMENT_STATUS 0x07
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#define READ_6 0x08
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#define WRITE_6 0x0a
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#define SEEK_6 0x0b
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@ -65,6 +66,7 @@ extern const char *const scsi_device_types[MAX_SCSI_DEVICE_CODE];
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#define READ_10 0x28
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#define WRITE_10 0x2a
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#define SEEK_10 0x2b
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#define POSITION_TO_ELEMENT 0x2b
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#define WRITE_VERIFY 0x2e
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#define VERIFY 0x2f
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#define SEARCH_HIGH 0x30
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@ -97,6 +99,7 @@ extern const char *const scsi_device_types[MAX_SCSI_DEVICE_CODE];
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#define PERSISTENT_RESERVE_OUT 0x5f
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#define REPORT_LUNS 0xa0
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#define MOVE_MEDIUM 0xa5
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#define EXCHANGE_MEDIUM 0xa6
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#define READ_12 0xa8
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#define WRITE_12 0xaa
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#define WRITE_VERIFY_12 0xae
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