Currently we have two different ways to signal an I/O error on a BIO:
(1) by clearing the BIO_UPTODATE flag
(2) by returning a Linux errno value to the bi_end_io callback
The first one has the drawback of only communicating a single possible
error (-EIO), and the second one has the drawback of not beeing persistent
when bios are queued up, and are not passed along from child to parent
bio in the ever more popular chaining scenario. Having both mechanisms
available has the additional drawback of utterly confusing driver authors
and introducing bugs where various I/O submitters only deal with one of
them, and the others have to add boilerplate code to deal with both kinds
of error returns.
So add a new bi_error field to store an errno value directly in struct
bio and remove the existing mechanisms to clean all this up.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
Fix a potential struct stripe_c leak that would occur if the
chunk_size exceeded the maximum allowed by dm_set_target_max_io_len
(UINT_MAX). However, in practice there is no possibility of this
occuring given that chunk_size is of type uint32_t. But it is good to
fix this to future-proof in case dm_set_target_max_io_len's
implementation were to change.
Signed-off-by: Pavitra Kumar <pavitrak@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Eliminate the following sparse warnings:
drivers/md/dm-stripe.c:443:12: warning: symbol 'dm_stripe_init' was not declared. Should it be static?
drivers/md/dm-stripe.c:456:6: warning: symbol 'dm_stripe_exit' was not declared. Should it be static?
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Fix a regression in the calculation of the stripe_width in the
dm stripe target which led to incorrect processing of device limits.
The stripe_width is the stripe device length divided by the number of
stripes. The group of commits in the range f14fa69 ("dm stripe: fix
size test") to eb850de ("dm stripe: support for non power of 2
chunksize") interfered with each other (a merging error) and led to the
stripe_width being set incorrectly to the stripe device length divided by
chunk_size * stripe_count.
For example, a stripe device's table with: 0 33553920 striped 3 512 ...
should result in a stripe_width of 11184640 (33553920 / 3), but due to
the bug it was getting set to 21845 (33553920 / (512 * 3)).
The impact of this bug is that device topologies that previously worked
fine with the stripe target are no longer considered valid. In
particular, there is a higher risk of seeing this issue if one of the
stripe devices has a 4K logical block size. Resulting in an error
message like this:
"device-mapper: table: 253:4: len=21845 not aligned to h/w logical block size 4096 of dm-1"
The fix is to swap the order of the divisions and to use a temporary
variable for the second one, so that width retains the intended
value.
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.6+
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Just a little convenience macro - main reason to add it now is preparing
for immutable bio vecs, it'll reduce the size of the patch that puts
bi_sector/bi_size/bi_idx into a struct bvec_iter.
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <koverstreet@google.com>
CC: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
CC: Lars Ellenberg <drbd-dev@lists.linbit.com>
CC: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
CC: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
CC: dm-devel@redhat.com
CC: Neil Brown <neilb@suse.de>
CC: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
CC: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
CC: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
CC: Chris Mason <chris.mason@fusionio.com>
CC: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Use 'bio' in the name of variables and functions that deal with
bios rather than 'request' to avoid confusion with the normal
block layer use of 'request'.
No functional changes.
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Avoid returning a truncated table or status string instead of setting
the DM_BUFFER_FULL_FLAG when the last target of a table fills the
buffer.
When processing a table or status request, the function retrieve_status
calls ti->type->status. If ti->type->status returns non-zero,
retrieve_status assumes that the buffer overflowed and sets
DM_BUFFER_FULL_FLAG.
However, targets don't return non-zero values from their status method
on overflow. Most targets returns always zero.
If a buffer overflow happens in a target that is not the last in the
table, it gets noticed during the next iteration of the loop in
retrieve_status; but if a buffer overflow happens in the last target, it
goes unnoticed and erroneously truncated data is returned.
In the current code, the targets behave in the following way:
* dm-crypt returns -ENOMEM if there is not enough space to store the
key, but it returns 0 on all other overflows.
* dm-thin returns errors from the status method if a disk error happened.
This is incorrect because retrieve_status doesn't check the error
code, it assumes that all non-zero values mean buffer overflow.
* all the other targets always return 0.
This patch changes the ti->type->status function to return void (because
most targets don't use the return code). Overflow is detected in
retrieve_status: if the status method fills up the remaining space
completely, it is assumed that buffer overflow happened.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Rename stripe_map_discard to stripe_map_range and reuse it for WRITE
SAME bio processing.
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
This patch removes map_info from bio-based device mapper targets.
map_info is still used for request-based targets.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
This patch moves target_request_nr from map_info to dm_target_io and
makes it accessible with dm_bio_get_target_request_nr.
This patch is a preparation for the next patch that removes map_info.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
flush[_delayed]_work_sync() are now spurious. Mark them deprecated
and convert all users to flush[_delayed]_work().
If you're cc'd and wondering what's going on: Now all workqueues are
non-reentrant and the regular flushes guarantee that the work item is
not pending or running on any CPU on return, so there's no reason to
use the sync flushes at all and they're going away.
This patch doesn't make any functional difference.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Cc: Ian Campbell <ian.campbell@citrix.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Mattia Dongili <malattia@linux.it>
Cc: Kent Yoder <key@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: David Airlie <airlied@linux.ie>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Karsten Keil <isdn@linux-pingi.de>
Cc: Bryan Wu <bryan.wu@canonical.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Alasdair Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@infradead.org>
Cc: Florian Tobias Schandinat <FlorianSchandinat@gmx.de>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: linux-wireless@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Anton Vorontsov <cbou@mail.ru>
Cc: Sangbeom Kim <sbkim73@samsung.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Eric Van Hensbergen <ericvh@gmail.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Petr Vandrovec <petr@vandrovec.name>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
Commit outstanding metadata before returning the status for a dm thin
pool so that the numbers reported are as up-to-date as possible.
The commit is not performed if the device is suspended or if
the DM_NOFLUSH_FLAG is supplied by userspace and passed to the target
through a new 'status_flags' parameter in the target's dm_status_fn.
The userspace dmsetup tool will support the --noflush flag with the
'dmsetup status' and 'dmsetup wait' commands from version 1.02.76
onwards.
Tested-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
dm-stripe is usually used with a chunk size that is a power of two.
Use faster shifts and bit masks in such cases.
stripe_width is already optimized in a similar way.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
There is no technical limitation in device mapper that would prevent the
dm-stripe target from using a stripe size smaller than page size.
This patch removes the limit and makes stripe volumes portable across
architectures with different page size.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Support non-power-of-2 chunk sizes with dm striping for proper alignment
of stripe IO on storage that has non-power-of-2 optimal IO sizes (e.g.
RAID6 10+2).
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Remove the restriction that limits a target's specified maximum incoming
I/O size to be a power of 2.
Rename this setting from 'split_io' to the less-ambiguous 'max_io_len'.
Change it from sector_t to uint32_t, which is plenty big enough, and
introduce a wrapper function dm_set_target_max_io_len() to set it.
Use sector_div() to process it now that it is not necessarily a power of 2.
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
The structure stripe_c contains a stripes_mask field. This field is
useless because it can be trivially calculated by subtracting one from
stripes. It is used only at one place. This patch removes it.
The patch also changes ffs(stripes) - 1 to __ffs(stripes).
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
dm-stripe is supposed to ensure that all the space allocated to the
stripes is fully used and that all stripes are the same size. This
patch fixes the test. It checks that device length is divisible by the
chunk size and checks that the resulting quotient is divisible by the
number of stripes (which is equivalent to testing if device length is
divisible by chunk_size * stripes).
Previously, the code only tested that the number of sectors in the target
was divisible by each of the chunk size and the number of stripes
separately, which could leave entire stripes unused.
(A setup that genuinely needs some stripes to be shorter than others
can be created by concatenating striped targets.)
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Device mapper uses sscanf to convert arguments to numbers. The problem is that
the way we use it ignores additional unmatched characters in the scanned string.
For example, this `if (sscanf(string, "%d", &number) == 1)' will match a number,
but also it will match number with some garbage appended, like "123abc".
As a result, device mapper accepts garbage after some numbers. For example
the command `dmsetup create vg1-new --table "0 16384 linear 254:1bla 34816bla"'
will pass without an error.
This patch fixes all sscanf uses in device mapper. It appends "%c" with
a pointer to a dummy character variable to every sscanf statement.
The construct `if (sscanf(string, "%d%c", &number, &dummy) == 1)' succeeds
only if string is a null-terminated number (optionally preceded by some
whitespace characters). If there is some character appended after the number,
sscanf matches "%c", writes the character to the dummy variable and returns 2.
We check the return value for 1 and consequently reject numbers with some
garbage appended.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Implement a merge function in the striped target.
When the striped target's underlying devices provide a merge_bvec_fn
(like all DM devices do via dm_merge_bvec) it is important to call down
to them when building a biovec that doesn't span a stripe boundary.
Without the merge method, a striped DM device stacked on DM devices
causes bios with a single page to be submitted which results
in unnecessary overhead that hurts performance.
This change really helps filesystems (e.g. XFS and now ext4) which take
care to assemble larger bios. By implementing stripe_merge(), DM and the
stripe target no longer undermine the filesystem's work by only allowing
a single page per bio. Buffered IO sees the biggest improvement
(particularly uncached reads, buffered writes to a lesser degree). This
is especially so for more capable "enterprise" storage LUNs.
The performance improvement has been measured to be ~12-35% -- when a
reasonable chunk_size is used (e.g. 64K) in conjunction with a stripe
count that is a power of 2.
In contrast, the performance penalty is ~5-7% for the pathological worst
case stripe configuration (small chunk_size with a stripe count that is
not a power of 2). The reason for this is that stripe_map_sector() is
now called once for every call to dm_merge_bvec(). stripe_map_sector()
will use slower division if stripe count isn't a power of 2.
Signed-off-by: Mustafa Mesanovic <mume@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
kstriped only serves sc->kstriped_ws which runs dm_table_event().
This doesn't need to be executed from an ordered workqueue w/ rescuer.
Drop kstriped and use the system_wq instead. While at it, rename
kstriped_ws to trigger_event so that it's consistent with other dm
modules.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
This patch converts bio-based dm to support REQ_FLUSH/FUA instead of
now deprecated REQ_HARDBARRIER.
* -EOPNOTSUPP handling logic dropped.
* Preflush is handled as before but postflush is dropped and replaced
with passing down REQ_FUA to member request_queues. This replaces
one array wide cache flush w/ member specific FUA writes.
* __split_and_process_bio() now calls __clone_and_map_flush() directly
for flushes and guarantees all FLUSH bio's going to targets are zero
` length.
* It's now guaranteed that all FLUSH bio's which are passed onto dm
targets are zero length. bio_empty_barrier() tests are replaced
with REQ_FLUSH tests.
* Empty WRITE_BARRIERs are replaced with WRITE_FLUSHes.
* Dropped unlikely() around REQ_FLUSH tests. Flushes are not unlikely
enough to be marked with unlikely().
* Block layer now filters out REQ_FLUSH/FUA bio's if the request_queue
doesn't support cache flushing. Advertise REQ_FLUSH | REQ_FUA
capability.
* Request based dm isn't converted yet. dm_init_request_based_queue()
resets flush support to 0 for now. To avoid disturbing request
based dm code, dm->flush_error is added for bio based dm while
requested based dm continues to use dm->barrier_error.
Lightly tested linear, stripe, raid1, snap and crypt targets. Please
proceed with caution as I'm not familiar with the code base.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: dm-devel@redhat.com
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
The DM core will submit a discard bio to the stripe target for each
stripe in a striped DM device. The stripe target will determine
stripe-specific portions of the supplied bio to be remapped into
individual (at most 'num_discard_requests' extents). If a given
stripe-specific discard bio doesn't touch a particular stripe the bio
will be dropped.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Optimize sector division: If the number of stripes is a power of two,
we can do shift and mask instead of division.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Move sector to stripe translation into a function.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
'target_request_nr' is a more generic name that reflects the fact that
it will be used for both flush and discard support.
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Remove the current bio flags and reuse the request flags for the bio, too.
This allows to more easily trace the type of I/O from the filesystem
down to the block driver. There were two flags in the bio that were
missing in the requests: BIO_RW_UNPLUG and BIO_RW_AHEAD. Also I've
renamed two request flags that had a superflous RW in them.
Note that the flags are in bio.h despite having the REQ_ name - as
blkdev.h includes bio.h that is the only way to go for now.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Remove unused parameters(start and len) of dm_get_device()
and fix the callers.
Signed-off-by: Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
If a table containing zero as stripe count is passed into stripe_ctr
the code attempts to divide by zero.
This patch changes DM_TABLE_LOAD to return -EINVAL if the stripe count
is zero.
We now get the following error messages:
device-mapper: table: 253:0: striped: Invalid stripe count
device-mapper: ioctl: error adding target to table
Signed-off-by: Nikanth Karthikesan <knikanth@suse.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Implement blk_limits_io_opt() and make blk_queue_io_opt() a wrapper
around it. DM needs this to avoid poking at the queue_limits directly.
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Get rid of any functions that test for these bits and make callers
use bio_rw_flagged() directly. Then it is at least directly apparent
what variable and flag they check.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Set sensible I/O hints for striped DM devices in the topology
infrastructure added for 2.6.31 for userspace tools to
obtain via sysfs.
Add .io_hints to 'struct target_type' to allow the I/O hints portion
(io_min and io_opt) of the 'struct queue_limits' to be set by each
target and implement this for dm-stripe.
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Incorrect device area lengths are being passed to device_area_is_valid().
The regression appeared in 2.6.31-rc1 through commit
754c5fc7eb.
With the dm-stripe target, the size of the target (ti->len) was used
instead of the stripe_width (ti->len/#stripes). An example of a
consequent incorrect error message is:
device-mapper: table: 254:0: sdb too small for target
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Add .iterate_devices to 'struct target_type' to allow a function to be
called for all devices in a DM target. Implemented it for all targets
except those in dm-snap.c (origin and snapshot).
(The raid1 version number jumps to 1.12 because we originally reserved
1.1 to 1.11 for 'block_on_error' but ended up using 'handle_errors'
instead.)
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: martin.petersen@oracle.com
Flush support for the stripe target.
This sets ti->num_flush_requests to the number of stripes and
remaps individual flush requests to the appropriate stripe devices.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Change dm_unregister_target to return void and use BUG() for error
reporting.
dm_unregister_target can only fail because of programming bug in the
target driver. It can't fail because of user's behavior or disk errors.
This patch changes unregister_target to return void and use BUG if
someone tries to unregister non-registered target or unregister target
that is in use.
This patch removes code duplication (testing of error codes in all dm
targets) and reports bugs in just one place, in dm_unregister_target. In
some target drivers, these return codes were ignored, which could lead
to a situation where bugs could be missed.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Don't proceed if dm_stripe_init() fails to register itself as a dm target.
Signed-off-by: Heinz Mauelshagen <heinzm@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Change #include "dm.h" to #include <linux/device-mapper.h> in all targets.
Targets should not need direct access to internal DM structures.
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Move array_too_big to include/linux/device-mapper.h because it is
used by targets.
Remove the test from dm-raid1 as the number of mirror legs is limited
such that it can never fail. (Even for stripes it seems rather
unlikely.)
Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
* Implement disk_devt() and part_devt() and use them to directly
access devt instead of computing it from ->major and ->first_minor.
Note that all references to ->major and ->first_minor outside of
block layer is used to determine devt of the disk (the part0) and as
->major and ->first_minor will continue to represent devt for the
disk, converting these users aren't strictly necessary. However,
convert them for consistency.
* Implement disk_max_parts() to avoid directly deferencing
genhd->minors.
* Update bdget_disk() such that it doesn't assume consecutive minor
space.
* Move devt computation from register_disk() to add_disk() and make it
the only one (all other usages use the initially determined value).
These changes clean up the code and will help disk->part dereference
fix and extended block device numbers.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
This patch adds additional information to the status line. It is added at the
end of the returned text so it will not interfere with existing
implementations using this data. The addition of this information will allow
for a common return interface to match that returned with the dm-raid1.c
status line (with Jonathan Brassow's patches).
Here is a sample of what is returned with a mirror "status" call:
isw_eeaaabgfg_mirror: 0 488390920 mirror 2 8:16 8:32 3727/3727 1 AA 1 core
Here's what's returned with this patch for a stripe "status" call:
isw_dheeijjdej_stripe: 0 976783872 striped 2 8:16 8:32 1 AA
Signed-off-by: Brian Wood <brian.j.wood@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
This patch adds the stripe_end_io function to process errors that might
occur after an IO operation. As part of this there are a number of
enhancements made to record and trigger events:
- New atomic variable in struct stripe to record the number of
errors each stripe volume device has experienced (could be used
later with uevents to report back directly to userspace)
- New workqueue/work struct setup to process the trigger_event function
- New end_io function. It is here that testing for BIO error conditions
take place. It determines the exact stripe that cause the error,
records this in the new atomic variable, and calls the queue_work() function
- New trigger_event function to process failure events. This
calls dm_table_event()
Signed-off-by: Brian Wood <brian.j.wood@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Replacing n & (n - 1) for power of 2 check by is_power_of_2(n)
Signed-off-by: vignesh babu <vignesh.babu@wipro.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Update existing targets to use the new symbols for return values from target
map and end_io functions.
There is no effect on behaviour.
Test results:
Done build test without errors.
Signed-off-by: Kiyoshi Ueda <k-ueda@ct.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Jun'ichi Nomura <j-nomura@ce.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: dm-devel@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Tidy device-mapper error messages to include context information
automatically.
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Christoph Hellwig