Calling strlen() on cmdline == NULL produces a kernel oops. Since having
a NULL cmdline is valid, handle this case explicitly.
Fixes: 52b2a8af74 ("arm64: kexec_file: load initrd and device-tree")
Signed-off-by: Jean-Philippe Brucker <jean-philippe.brucker@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
During resume hibernate restores all physical memory. Any memory
that is accessed with the MMU disabled needs to be cleaned to the
PoC.
KVMs __hyp_text was previously ommitted as it runs with the MMU
enabled, but now that the hyp-stub is located in this section,
we must clean __hyp_text too.
This ensures secondary CPUs that come online after hibernate
has finished resuming, and load KVM via the freshly written
hyp-stub see the correct instructions.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
The hyp-stub is loaded by the kernel's early startup code at EL2
during boot, before KVM takes ownership later. The hyp-stub's
text is part of the regular kernel text, meaning it can be kprobed.
A breakpoint in the hyp-stub causes the CPU to spin in el2_sync_invalid.
Add it to the __hyp_text.
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
On systems with VHE the kernel and KVM's world-switch code run at the
same exception level. Code that is only used on a VHE system does not
need to be annotated as __hyp_text as it can reside anywhere in the
kernel text.
__hyp_text was also used to prevent kprobes from patching breakpoint
instructions into this region, as this code runs at a different
exception level. While this is no longer true with VHE, KVM still
switches VBAR_EL1, meaning a kprobe's breakpoint executed in the
world-switch code will cause a hyp-panic.
Move the __hyp_text check in the kprobes blacklist so it applies on
VHE systems too, to cover the common code and guest enter/exit
assembly.
Fixes: 888b3c8720 ("arm64: Treat all entry code as non-kprobe-able")
Reviewed-by: Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Commit 1598ecda7b ("arm64: kaslr: ensure randomized quantities are
clean to the PoC") added cache maintenance to ensure that global
variables set by the kaslr init routine are not wiped clean due to
cache invalidation occurring during the second round of page table
creation.
However, if kaslr_early_init() exits early with no randomization
being applied (either due to the lack of a seed, or because the user
has disabled kaslr explicitly), no cache maintenance is performed,
leading to the same issue we attempted to fix earlier, as far as the
module_alloc_base variable is concerned.
Note that module_alloc_base cannot be initialized statically, because
that would cause it to be subject to a R_AARCH64_RELATIVE relocation,
causing it to be overwritten by the second round of KASLR relocation
processing.
Fixes: f80fb3a3d5 ("arm64: add support for kernel ASLR")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.6+
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
kaslr_early_init() is called with the kernel mapped at its
link time offset, and if it returns with a non-zero offset,
the kernel is unmapped and remapped again at the randomized
offset.
During its execution, kaslr_early_init() also randomizes the
base of the module region and of the linear mapping of DRAM,
and sets two variables accordingly. However, since these
variables are assigned with the caches on, they may get lost
during the cache maintenance that occurs when unmapping and
remapping the kernel, so ensure that these values are cleaned
to the PoC.
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Fixes: f80fb3a3d5 ("arm64: add support for kernel ASLR")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.6+
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
In kexec_file_load, kaslr-seed property of the current dtb will be deleted
any way before setting a new value if possible. It doesn't matter whether
it exists in the current dtb.
So "ret" should be reset to 0 here.
Fixes: commit 884143f60c ("arm64: kexec_file: add kaslr support")
Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
A side effect of commit c55191e96c ("arm64: mm: apply r/o permissions
of VM areas to its linear alias as well") is that the linear map is
created with page granularity, which means that transitioning the early
page table from global to non-global mappings when enabling kpti can
take a significant amount of time during boot.
Given that most CPU implementations do not require kpti, this mainly
impacts KASLR builds where kpti is forcefully enabled. However, in these
situations we know early on that non-global mappings are required and
can avoid the use of global mappings from the beginning. The only gotcha
is Cavium erratum #27456, which we must detect based on the MIDR value
of the boot CPU.
Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Reported-by: John Garry <john.garry@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Currently, CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL just means "I _want_ to use jump label".
The jump label is controlled by HAVE_JUMP_LABEL, which is defined
like this:
#if defined(CC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO) && defined(CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL)
# define HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
#endif
We can improve this by testing 'asm goto' support in Kconfig, then
make JUMP_LABEL depend on CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO.
Ugly #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL will go away, and CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL will
match to the real kernel capability.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
- Prevent KASLR from mapping the top page of the virtual address space
- Fix device-tree probing of SDEI driver
- Fix incorrect register offset definition in Hisilicon DDRC PMU driver
- Fix compilation issue with older binutils not liking unsigned immediates
- Fix uapi headers so that libc can provide its own sigcontext definition
- Fix handling of private compat syscalls
- Hook up compat io_pgetevents() syscall for 32-bit tasks
- Cleanup to arm64 Makefile (including now to avoid silly conflicts)
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Merge tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 fixes from Will Deacon:
"I'm safely chained back up to my desk, so please pull these arm64
fixes for -rc1 that address some issues that cropped up during the
merge window:
- Prevent KASLR from mapping the top page of the virtual address
space
- Fix device-tree probing of SDEI driver
- Fix incorrect register offset definition in Hisilicon DDRC PMU
driver
- Fix compilation issue with older binutils not liking unsigned
immediates
- Fix uapi headers so that libc can provide its own sigcontext
definition
- Fix handling of private compat syscalls
- Hook up compat io_pgetevents() syscall for 32-bit tasks
- Cleanup to arm64 Makefile (including now to avoid silly conflicts)"
* tag 'arm64-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux:
arm64: compat: Hook up io_pgetevents() for 32-bit tasks
arm64: compat: Don't pull syscall number from regs in arm_compat_syscall
arm64: compat: Avoid sending SIGILL for unallocated syscall numbers
arm64/sve: Disentangle <uapi/asm/ptrace.h> from <uapi/asm/sigcontext.h>
arm64/sve: ptrace: Fix SVE_PT_REGS_OFFSET definition
drivers/perf: hisi: Fixup one DDRC PMU register offset
arm64: replace arm64-obj-* in Makefile with obj-*
arm64: kaslr: Reserve size of ARM64_MEMSTART_ALIGN in linear region
firmware: arm_sdei: Fix DT platform device creation
firmware: arm_sdei: fix wrong of_node_put() in init function
arm64: entry: remove unused register aliases
arm64: smp: Fix compilation error
The syscall number may have been changed by a tracer, so we should pass
the actual number in from the caller instead of pulling it from the
saved r7 value directly.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Pi-Hsun Shih <pihsun@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
The ARM Linux kernel handles the EABI syscall numbers as follows:
0 - NR_SYSCALLS-1 : Invoke syscall via syscall table
NR_SYSCALLS - 0xeffff : -ENOSYS (to be allocated in future)
0xf0000 - 0xf07ff : Private syscall or -ENOSYS if not allocated
> 0xf07ff : SIGILL
Our compat code gets this wrong and ends up sending SIGILL in response
to all syscalls greater than NR_SYSCALLS which have a value greater
than 0x7ff in the bottom 16 bits.
Fix this by defining the end of the ARM private syscall region and
checking the syscall number against that directly. Update the comment
while we're at it.
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com>
Reported-by: Pi-Hsun Shih <pihsun@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Use the standard obj-$(CONFIG_...) syntex. The behavior is still the
same.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Nobody has actually used the type (VERIFY_READ vs VERIFY_WRITE) argument
of the user address range verification function since we got rid of the
old racy i386-only code to walk page tables by hand.
It existed because the original 80386 would not honor the write protect
bit when in kernel mode, so you had to do COW by hand before doing any
user access. But we haven't supported that in a long time, and these
days the 'type' argument is a purely historical artifact.
A discussion about extending 'user_access_begin()' to do the range
checking resulted this patch, because there is no way we're going to
move the old VERIFY_xyz interface to that model. And it's best done at
the end of the merge window when I've done most of my merges, so let's
just get this done once and for all.
This patch was mostly done with a sed-script, with manual fix-ups for
the cases that weren't of the trivial 'access_ok(VERIFY_xyz' form.
There were a couple of notable cases:
- csky still had the old "verify_area()" name as an alias.
- the iter_iov code had magical hardcoded knowledge of the actual
values of VERIFY_{READ,WRITE} (not that they mattered, since nothing
really used it)
- microblaze used the type argument for a debug printout
but other than those oddities this should be a total no-op patch.
I tried to fix up all architectures, did fairly extensive grepping for
access_ok() uses, and the changes are trivial, but I may have missed
something. Any missed conversion should be trivially fixable, though.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In commit:
3b7142752e ("arm64: convert native/compat syscall entry to C")
... we moved the syscall invocation code from assembly to C, but left
behind a number of register aliases which are now unused.
Let's remove them before they confuse someone.
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Dave Martin <Dave.Martin@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Mostly clean ups although whilst Doug's was chasing down a odd
lockdep warning he also did some work to improved debugger resilience
when some CPUs fail to respond to the round up request.
The main changes are:
* Fixing a lockdep warning on architectures that cannot use an NMI for
the round up plus related changes to make CPU round up and all CPU
backtrace more resilient.
* Constify the arch ops tables
* A couple of other small clean ups
Two of the three patchsets here include changes that spill over into
arch/. Changes in the arch space are relatively narrow in scope
(and directly related to kgdb). Didn't get comprehensive acks but
all impacted maintainers were Cc:ed in good time.
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
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Merge tag 'kgdb-4.21-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/danielt/linux
Pull kgdb updates from Daniel Thompson:
"Mostly clean ups although while Doug's was chasing down a odd lockdep
warning he also did some work to improved debugger resilience when
some CPUs fail to respond to the round up request.
The main changes are:
- Fixing a lockdep warning on architectures that cannot use an NMI
for the round up plus related changes to make CPU round up and all
CPU backtrace more resilient.
- Constify the arch ops tables
- A couple of other small clean ups
Two of the three patchsets here include changes that spill over into
arch/. Changes in the arch space are relatively narrow in scope (and
directly related to kgdb). Didn't get comprehensive acks but all
impacted maintainers were Cc:ed in good time"
* tag 'kgdb-4.21-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/danielt/linux:
kgdb/treewide: constify struct kgdb_arch arch_kgdb_ops
mips/kgdb: prepare arch_kgdb_ops for constness
kdb: use bool for binary state indicators
kdb: Don't back trace on a cpu that didn't round up
kgdb: Don't round up a CPU that failed rounding up before
kgdb: Fix kgdb_roundup_cpus() for arches who used smp_call_function()
kgdb: Remove irq flags from roundup
- Rework of the kprobe/uprobe and synthetic events to consolidate all
the dynamic event code. This will make changes in the future easier.
- Partial rewrite of the function graph tracing infrastructure.
This will allow for multiple users of hooking onto functions
to get the callback (return) of the function. This is the ground
work for having kprobes and function graph tracer using one code base.
- Clean up of the histogram code that will facilitate adding more
features to the histograms in the future.
- Addition of str_has_prefix() and a few use cases. There currently
is a similar function strstart() that is used in a few places, but
only returns a bool and not a length. These instances will be
removed in the future to use str_has_prefix() instead.
- A few other various clean ups as well.
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Merge tag 'trace-v4.21' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
- Rework of the kprobe/uprobe and synthetic events to consolidate all
the dynamic event code. This will make changes in the future easier.
- Partial rewrite of the function graph tracing infrastructure. This
will allow for multiple users of hooking onto functions to get the
callback (return) of the function. This is the ground work for having
kprobes and function graph tracer using one code base.
- Clean up of the histogram code that will facilitate adding more
features to the histograms in the future.
- Addition of str_has_prefix() and a few use cases. There currently is
a similar function strstart() that is used in a few places, but only
returns a bool and not a length. These instances will be removed in
the future to use str_has_prefix() instead.
- A few other various clean ups as well.
* tag 'trace-v4.21' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace: (57 commits)
tracing: Use the return of str_has_prefix() to remove open coded numbers
tracing: Have the historgram use the result of str_has_prefix() for len of prefix
tracing: Use str_has_prefix() instead of using fixed sizes
tracing: Use str_has_prefix() helper for histogram code
string.h: Add str_has_prefix() helper function
tracing: Make function ‘ftrace_exports’ static
tracing: Simplify printf'ing in seq_print_sym
tracing: Avoid -Wformat-nonliteral warning
tracing: Merge seq_print_sym_short() and seq_print_sym_offset()
tracing: Add hist trigger comments for variable-related fields
tracing: Remove hist trigger synth_var_refs
tracing: Use hist trigger's var_ref array to destroy var_refs
tracing: Remove open-coding of hist trigger var_ref management
tracing: Use var_refs[] for hist trigger reference checking
tracing: Change strlen to sizeof for hist trigger static strings
tracing: Remove unnecessary hist trigger struct field
tracing: Fix ftrace_graph_get_ret_stack() to use task and not current
seq_buf: Use size_t for len in seq_buf_puts()
seq_buf: Make seq_buf_puts() null-terminate the buffer
arm64: Use ftrace_graph_get_ret_stack() instead of curr_ret_stack
...
checkpatch.pl reports the following:
WARNING: struct kgdb_arch should normally be const
#28: FILE: arch/mips/kernel/kgdb.c:397:
+struct kgdb_arch arch_kgdb_ops = {
This report makes sense, as all other ops struct, this
one should also be const. This patch does the change.
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: James Hogan <jhogan@kernel.org>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Acked-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr>
Acked-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
When I had lockdep turned on and dropped into kgdb I got a nice splat
on my system. Specifically it hit:
DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(current->hardirq_context)
Specifically it looked like this:
sysrq: SysRq : DEBUG
------------[ cut here ]------------
DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(current->hardirq_context)
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at .../kernel/locking/lockdep.c:2875 lockdep_hardirqs_on+0xf0/0x160
CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 4.19.0 #27
pstate: 604003c9 (nZCv DAIF +PAN -UAO)
pc : lockdep_hardirqs_on+0xf0/0x160
...
Call trace:
lockdep_hardirqs_on+0xf0/0x160
trace_hardirqs_on+0x188/0x1ac
kgdb_roundup_cpus+0x14/0x3c
kgdb_cpu_enter+0x53c/0x5cc
kgdb_handle_exception+0x180/0x1d4
kgdb_compiled_brk_fn+0x30/0x3c
brk_handler+0x134/0x178
do_debug_exception+0xfc/0x178
el1_dbg+0x18/0x78
kgdb_breakpoint+0x34/0x58
sysrq_handle_dbg+0x54/0x5c
__handle_sysrq+0x114/0x21c
handle_sysrq+0x30/0x3c
qcom_geni_serial_isr+0x2dc/0x30c
...
...
irq event stamp: ...45
hardirqs last enabled at (...44): [...] __do_softirq+0xd8/0x4e4
hardirqs last disabled at (...45): [...] el1_irq+0x74/0x130
softirqs last enabled at (...42): [...] _local_bh_enable+0x2c/0x34
softirqs last disabled at (...43): [...] irq_exit+0xa8/0x100
---[ end trace adf21f830c46e638 ]---
Looking closely at it, it seems like a really bad idea to be calling
local_irq_enable() in kgdb_roundup_cpus(). If nothing else that seems
like it could violate spinlock semantics and cause a deadlock.
Instead, let's use a private csd alongside
smp_call_function_single_async() to round up the other CPUs. Using
smp_call_function_single_async() doesn't require interrupts to be
enabled so we can remove the offending bit of code.
In order to avoid duplicating this across all the architectures that
use the default kgdb_roundup_cpus(), we'll add a "weak" implementation
to debug_core.c.
Looking at all the people who previously had copies of this code,
there were a few variants. I've attempted to keep the variants
working like they used to. Specifically:
* For arch/arc we passed NULL to kgdb_nmicallback() instead of
get_irq_regs().
* For arch/mips there was a bit of extra code around
kgdb_nmicallback()
NOTE: In this patch we will still get into trouble if we try to round
up a CPU that failed to round up before. We'll try to round it up
again and potentially hang when we try to grab the csd lock. That's
not new behavior but we'll still try to do better in a future patch.
Suggested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: James Hogan <jhogan@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
The function kgdb_roundup_cpus() was passed a parameter that was
documented as:
> the flags that will be used when restoring the interrupts. There is
> local_irq_save() call before kgdb_roundup_cpus().
Nobody used those flags. Anyone who wanted to temporarily turn on
interrupts just did local_irq_enable() and local_irq_disable() without
looking at them. So we can definitely remove the flags.
Signed-off-by: Douglas Anderson <dianders@chromium.org>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: James Hogan <jhogan@kernel.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org>
Tag-based KASAN inline instrumentation mode (which embeds checks of shadow
memory into the generated code, instead of inserting a callback) generates
a brk instruction when a tag mismatch is detected.
This commit adds a tag-based KASAN specific brk handler, that decodes the
immediate value passed to the brk instructions (to extract information
about the memory access that triggered the mismatch), reads the register
values (x0 contains the guilty address) and reports the bug.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/c91fe7684070e34dc34b419e6b69498f4dcacc2d.1544099024.git.andreyknvl@google.com
Signed-off-by: Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In the end, we ended up with quite a lot more than I expected:
- Support for ARMv8.3 Pointer Authentication in userspace (CRIU and
kernel-side support to come later)
- Support for per-thread stack canaries, pending an update to GCC that
is currently undergoing review
- Support for kexec_file_load(), which permits secure boot of a kexec
payload but also happens to improve the performance of kexec
dramatically because we can avoid the sucky purgatory code from
userspace. Kdump will come later (requires updates to libfdt).
- Optimisation of our dynamic CPU feature framework, so that all
detected features are enabled via a single stop_machine() invocation
- KPTI whitelisting of Cortex-A CPUs unaffected by Meltdown, so that
they can benefit from global TLB entries when KASLR is not in use
- 52-bit virtual addressing for userspace (kernel remains 48-bit)
- Patch in LSE atomics for per-cpu atomic operations
- Custom preempt.h implementation to avoid unconditional calls to
preempt_schedule() from preempt_enable()
- Support for the new 'SB' Speculation Barrier instruction
- Vectorised implementation of XOR checksumming and CRC32 optimisations
- Workaround for Cortex-A76 erratum #1165522
- Improved compatibility with Clang/LLD
- Support for TX2 system PMUS for profiling the L3 cache and DMC
- Reflect read-only permissions in the linear map by default
- Ensure MMIO reads are ordered with subsequent calls to Xdelay()
- Initial support for memory hotplug
- Tweak the threshold when we invalidate the TLB by-ASID, so that
mremap() performance is improved for ranges spanning multiple PMDs.
- Minor refactoring and cleanups
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 festive updates from Will Deacon:
"In the end, we ended up with quite a lot more than I expected:
- Support for ARMv8.3 Pointer Authentication in userspace (CRIU and
kernel-side support to come later)
- Support for per-thread stack canaries, pending an update to GCC
that is currently undergoing review
- Support for kexec_file_load(), which permits secure boot of a kexec
payload but also happens to improve the performance of kexec
dramatically because we can avoid the sucky purgatory code from
userspace. Kdump will come later (requires updates to libfdt).
- Optimisation of our dynamic CPU feature framework, so that all
detected features are enabled via a single stop_machine()
invocation
- KPTI whitelisting of Cortex-A CPUs unaffected by Meltdown, so that
they can benefit from global TLB entries when KASLR is not in use
- 52-bit virtual addressing for userspace (kernel remains 48-bit)
- Patch in LSE atomics for per-cpu atomic operations
- Custom preempt.h implementation to avoid unconditional calls to
preempt_schedule() from preempt_enable()
- Support for the new 'SB' Speculation Barrier instruction
- Vectorised implementation of XOR checksumming and CRC32
optimisations
- Workaround for Cortex-A76 erratum #1165522
- Improved compatibility with Clang/LLD
- Support for TX2 system PMUS for profiling the L3 cache and DMC
- Reflect read-only permissions in the linear map by default
- Ensure MMIO reads are ordered with subsequent calls to Xdelay()
- Initial support for memory hotplug
- Tweak the threshold when we invalidate the TLB by-ASID, so that
mremap() performance is improved for ranges spanning multiple PMDs.
- Minor refactoring and cleanups"
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (125 commits)
arm64: kaslr: print PHYS_OFFSET in dump_kernel_offset()
arm64: sysreg: Use _BITUL() when defining register bits
arm64: cpufeature: Rework ptr auth hwcaps using multi_entry_cap_matches
arm64: cpufeature: Reduce number of pointer auth CPU caps from 6 to 4
arm64: docs: document pointer authentication
arm64: ptr auth: Move per-thread keys from thread_info to thread_struct
arm64: enable pointer authentication
arm64: add prctl control for resetting ptrauth keys
arm64: perf: strip PAC when unwinding userspace
arm64: expose user PAC bit positions via ptrace
arm64: add basic pointer authentication support
arm64/cpufeature: detect pointer authentication
arm64: Don't trap host pointer auth use to EL2
arm64/kvm: hide ptrauth from guests
arm64/kvm: consistently handle host HCR_EL2 flags
arm64: add pointer authentication register bits
arm64: add comments about EC exception levels
arm64: perf: Treat EXCLUDE_EL* bit definitions as unsigned
arm64: kpti: Whitelist Cortex-A CPUs that don't implement the CSV3 field
arm64: enable per-task stack canaries
...
The structure of the ret_stack array on the task struct is going to
change, and accessing it directly via the curr_ret_stack index will no
longer give the ret_stack entry that holds the return address. To access
that, architectures must now use ftrace_graph_get_ret_stack() to get the
associated ret_stack that matches the saved return address.
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
When debug with kaslr, it is sometimes necessary to have PHYS_OFFSET to
perform linear virtual address to physical address translation.
Sometimes we're debugging with only few information such as a kernel log
and a symbol file, print PHYS_OFFSET in dump_kernel_offset() for that case.
Tested by:
echo c > /proc/sysrq-trigger
[ 11.996161] SMP: stopping secondary CPUs
[ 11.996732] Kernel Offset: 0x2522200000 from 0xffffff8008000000
[ 11.996881] PHYS_OFFSET: 0xffffffeb40000000
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Miles Chen <miles.chen@mediatek.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Open-coding the pointer-auth HWCAPs is a mess and can be avoided by
reusing the multi-cap logic from the CPU errata framework.
Move the multi_entry_cap_matches code to cpufeature.h and reuse it for
the pointer auth HWCAPs.
Reviewed-by: Suzuki Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
We can easily avoid defining the two meta-capabilities for the address
and generic keys, so remove them and instead just check both of the
architected and impdef capabilities when determining the level of system
support.
Reviewed-by: Suzuki Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
We don't need to get at the per-thread keys from assembly at all, so
they can live alongside the rest of the per-thread register state in
thread_struct instead of thread_info.
This will also allow straighforward whitelisting of the keys for
hardened usercopy should we expose them via a ptrace request later on.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Add an arm64-specific prctl to allow a thread to reinitialize its
pointer authentication keys to random values. This can be useful when
exec() is not used for starting new processes, to ensure that different
processes still have different keys.
Signed-off-by: Kristina Martsenko <kristina.martsenko@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
When the kernel is unwinding userspace callchains, we can't expect that
the userspace consumer of these callchains has the data necessary to
strip the PAC from the stored LR.
This patch has the kernel strip the PAC from user stackframes when the
in-kernel unwinder is used. This only affects the LR value, and not the
FP.
This only affects the in-kernel unwinder. When userspace performs
unwinding, it is up to userspace to strip PACs as necessary (which can
be determined from DWARF information).
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kristina Martsenko <kristina.martsenko@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ramana Radhakrishnan <ramana.radhakrishnan@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
When pointer authentication is in use, data/instruction pointers have a
number of PAC bits inserted into them. The number and position of these
bits depends on the configured TCR_ELx.TxSZ and whether tagging is
enabled. ARMv8.3 allows tagging to differ for instruction and data
pointers.
For userspace debuggers to unwind the stack and/or to follow pointer
chains, they need to be able to remove the PAC bits before attempting to
use a pointer.
This patch adds a new structure with masks describing the location of
the PAC bits in userspace instruction and data pointers (i.e. those
addressable via TTBR0), which userspace can query via PTRACE_GETREGSET.
By clearing these bits from pointers (and replacing them with the value
of bit 55), userspace can acquire the PAC-less versions.
This new regset is exposed when the kernel is built with (user) pointer
authentication support, and the address authentication feature is
enabled. Otherwise, the regset is hidden.
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kristina Martsenko <kristina.martsenko@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ramana Radhakrishnan <ramana.radhakrishnan@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
[will: Fix to use vabits_user instead of VA_BITS and rename macro]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
This patch adds basic support for pointer authentication, allowing
userspace to make use of APIAKey, APIBKey, APDAKey, APDBKey, and
APGAKey. The kernel maintains key values for each process (shared by all
threads within), which are initialised to random values at exec() time.
The ID_AA64ISAR1_EL1.{APA,API,GPA,GPI} fields are exposed to userspace,
to describe that pointer authentication instructions are available and
that the kernel is managing the keys. Two new hwcaps are added for the
same reason: PACA (for address authentication) and PACG (for generic
authentication).
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kristina Martsenko <kristina.martsenko@arm.com>
Tested-by: Adam Wallis <awallis@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Ramana Radhakrishnan <ramana.radhakrishnan@arm.com>
Cc: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
[will: Fix sizeof() usage and unroll address key initialisation]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
So that we can dynamically handle the presence of pointer authentication
functionality, wire up probing code in cpufeature.c.
From ARMv8.3 onwards, ID_AA64ISAR1 is no longer entirely RES0, and now
has four fields describing the presence of pointer authentication
functionality:
* APA - address authentication present, using an architected algorithm
* API - address authentication present, using an IMP DEF algorithm
* GPA - generic authentication present, using an architected algorithm
* GPI - generic authentication present, using an IMP DEF algorithm
This patch checks for both address and generic authentication,
separately. It is assumed that if all CPUs support an IMP DEF algorithm,
the same algorithm is used across all CPUs.
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kristina Martsenko <kristina.martsenko@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
In KVM we define the configuration of HCR_EL2 for a VHE HOST in
HCR_HOST_VHE_FLAGS, but we don't have a similar definition for the
non-VHE host flags, and open-code HCR_RW. Further, in head.S we
open-code the flags for VHE and non-VHE configurations.
In future, we're going to want to configure more flags for the host, so
lets add a HCR_HOST_NVHE_FLAGS defintion, and consistently use both
HCR_HOST_VHE_FLAGS and HCR_HOST_NVHE_FLAGS in the kvm code and head.S.
We now use mov_q to generate the HCR_EL2 value, as we use when
configuring other registers in head.S.
Reviewed-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Henderson <richard.henderson@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kristina Martsenko <kristina.martsenko@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoffer Dall <christoffer.dall@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: kvmarm@lists.cs.columbia.edu
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
While the CSV3 field of the ID_AA64_PFR0 CPU ID register can be checked
to see if a CPU is susceptible to Meltdown and therefore requires kpti
to be enabled, existing CPUs do not implement this field.
We therefore whitelist all unaffected Cortex-A CPUs that do not implement
the CSV3 field.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
This enables the use of per-task stack canary values if GCC has
support for emitting the stack canary reference relative to the
value of sp_el0, which holds the task struct pointer in the arm64
kernel.
The $(eval) extends KBUILD_CFLAGS at the moment the make rule is
applied, which means asm-offsets.o (which we rely on for the offset
value) is built without the arguments, and everything built afterwards
has the options set.
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Commit 3962446922 ("arm64: preempt: Provide our own implementation of
asm/preempt.h") extended the preempt count field in struct thread_info
to 64 bits, so that it consists of a 32-bit count plus a 32-bit flag
indicating whether or not the current task needs rescheduling.
Whilst the asm-offsets definition of TSK_TI_PREEMPT was updated to point
to this new field, the assembly usage was left untouched meaning that a
32-bit load from TSK_TI_PREEMPT on a big-endian machine actually returns
the reschedule flag instead of the count.
Whilst we could fix this by pointing TSK_TI_PREEMPT at the count field,
we're actually better off reworking the two assembly users so that they
operate on the whole 64-bit value in favour of inspecting the thread
flags separately in order to determine whether a reschedule is needed.
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Reported-by: "kernelci.org bot" <bot@kernelci.org>
Tested-by: Kevin Hilman <khilman@baylibre.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
This is needed for compilation in some configurations that don't
include it implicitly:
arch/arm64/kernel/machine_kexec_file.c: In function 'arch_kimage_file_post_load_cleanup':
arch/arm64/kernel/machine_kexec_file.c:37:2: error: implicit declaration of function 'vfree'; did you mean 'kvfree'? [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
Fixes: 52b2a8af74 ("arm64: kexec_file: load initrd and device-tree")
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
The __cpu_up() routine ignores the errors reported by the firmware
for a CPU bringup operation and looks for the error status set by the
booting CPU. If the CPU never entered the kernel, we could end up
in assuming stale error status, which otherwise would have been
set/cleared appropriately by the booting CPU.
Reported-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Rather than add additional variables to detect specific early feature
mismatches with secondary CPUs, we can instead dedicate the upper bits
of the CPU boot status word to flag specific mismatches.
This allows us to communicate both granule and VA-size mismatches back
to the primary CPU without the need for additional book-keeping.
Tested-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Enabling 52-bit VAs for userspace is pretty confusing, since it requires
you to select "48-bit" virtual addressing in the Kconfig.
Rework the logic so that 52-bit user virtual addressing is advertised in
the "Virtual address space size" choice, along with some help text to
describe its interaction with Pointer Authentication. The EXPERT-only
option to force all user mappings to the 52-bit range is then made
available immediately below the VA size selection.
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
On arm64 there is optional support for a 52-bit virtual address space.
To exploit this one has to be running with a 64KB page size and be
running on hardware that supports this.
For an arm64 kernel supporting a 48 bit VA with a 64KB page size,
some changes are needed to support a 52-bit userspace:
* TCR_EL1.T0SZ needs to be 12 instead of 16,
* TASK_SIZE needs to reflect the new size.
This patch implements the above when the support for 52-bit VAs is
detected at early boot time.
On arm64 userspace addresses translation is controlled by TTBR0_EL1. As
well as userspace, TTBR0_EL1 controls:
* The identity mapping,
* EFI runtime code.
It is possible to run a kernel with an identity mapping that has a
larger VA size than userspace (and for this case __cpu_set_tcr_t0sz()
would set TCR_EL1.T0SZ as appropriate). However, when the conditions for
52-bit userspace are met; it is possible to keep TCR_EL1.T0SZ fixed at
12. Thus in this patch, the TCR_EL1.T0SZ size changing logic is
disabled.
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
For cases where there is a mismatch in ARMv8.2-LVA support between CPUs
we have to be careful in allowing secondary CPUs to boot if 52-bit
virtual addresses have already been enabled on the boot CPU.
This patch adds code to the secondary startup path. If the boot CPU has
enabled 52-bit VAs then ID_AA64MMFR2_EL1 is checked to see if the
secondary can also enable 52-bit support. If not, the secondary is
prevented from booting and an error message is displayed indicating why.
Technically this patch could be implemented using the cpufeature code
when considering 52-bit userspace support. However, we employ low level
checks here as the cpufeature code won't be able to run if we have
mismatched 52-bit kernel va support.
Signed-off-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Enabling 52-bit VAs on arm64 requires that the PGD table expands from 64
entries (for the 48-bit case) to 1024 entries. This quantity,
PTRS_PER_PGD is used as follows to compute which PGD entry corresponds
to a given virtual address, addr:
pgd_index(addr) -> (addr >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PGD - 1)
Userspace addresses are prefixed by 0's, so for a 48-bit userspace
address, uva, the following is true:
(uva >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (1024 - 1) == (uva >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (64 - 1)
In other words, a 48-bit userspace address will have the same pgd_index
when using PTRS_PER_PGD = 64 and 1024.
Kernel addresses are prefixed by 1's so, given a 48-bit kernel address,
kva, we have the following inequality:
(kva >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (1024 - 1) != (kva >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (64 - 1)
In other words a 48-bit kernel virtual address will have a different
pgd_index when using PTRS_PER_PGD = 64 and 1024.
If, however, we note that:
kva = 0xFFFF << 48 + lower (where lower[63:48] == 0b)
and, PGDIR_SHIFT = 42 (as we are dealing with 64KB PAGE_SIZE)
We can consider:
(kva >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (1024 - 1) - (kva >> PGDIR_SHIFT) & (64 - 1)
= (0xFFFF << 6) & 0x3FF - (0xFFFF << 6) & 0x3F // "lower" cancels out
= 0x3C0
In other words, one can switch PTRS_PER_PGD to the 52-bit value globally
provided that they increment ttbr1_el1 by 0x3C0 * 8 = 0x1E00 bytes when
running with 48-bit kernel VAs (TCR_EL1.T1SZ = 16).
For kernel configuration where 52-bit userspace VAs are possible, this
patch offsets ttbr1_el1 and sets PTRS_PER_PGD corresponding to the
52-bit value.
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Suzuki K Poulose <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>
Suggested-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
[will: added comment to TTBR1_BADDR_4852_OFFSET calculation]
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
It has been reported that ftrace_replace_code() which is called by
ftrace_modify_all_code() can cause a soft lockup warning for an
allmodconfig kernel. This is because all the debug options enabled
causes the loop in ftrace_replace_code() (which loops over all the
functions being enabled where there can be 10s of thousands), is too
slow, and never schedules out.
To solve this, setting FTRACE_MAY_SLEEP to the command passed into
ftrace_replace_code() will make it call cond_resched() in the loop,
which prevents the soft lockup warning from triggering.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181204192903.8193-1-anders.roxell@linaro.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181205183304.000714627@goodmis.org
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Reported-by: Anders Roxell <anders.roxell@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Anders Roxell <anders.roxell@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
In order to easily mitigate ARM erratum 1165522, we need to force
affected CPUs to run in VHE mode if using KVM.
Reviewed-by: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Now that arm64ksyms.c has been reduced to a stub, let's remove it
entirely. New exports should be associated with their function
definition.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
For a while now it's been possible to use EXPORT_SYMBOL() in assembly
files, which allows us to place exports immediately after assembly
functions, as we do for C functions.
As a step towards removing arm64ksyms.c, let's move the ftrace exports
to the assembly files the functions are defined in.
There should be no functional change as a result of this patch.
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Jean-Philippe Brucker