Disabling interrupts can be avoided now. However, list operation still require
disabling interrupts since allocations can occur from interrupt
contexts and there is no way to perform atomic list operations.
The acquition of the list_lock therefore has to disable interrupts as well.
Dropping interrupt handling significantly simplifies the slowpath.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
We will be calling free_debug_processing with interrupts disabled
in some case when the later patches are applied. Some of the
functions called by free_debug_processing expect interrupts to be
off.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Locking slabs is no longer necesary if the arch supports cmpxchg operations
and if no debuggin features are used on a slab. If the arch does not support
cmpxchg then we fallback to use the slab lock to do a cmpxchg like operation.
The patch also changes the lock order. Slab locks are subsumed to the node lock
now. With that approach slab_trylocking is no longer necessary.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Rework the allocation paths so that updates of the page freelist, frozen state
and number of objects use cmpxchg_double_slab().
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
We need more information about the slab for the cmpxchg implementation.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The allocator fastpath rework does change the usage of the list_lock.
Remove the list_lock processing from the functions that hide them from the
critical sections and move them into those critical sections.
This in turn simplifies the support functions (no __ variant needed anymore)
and simplifies the lock handling on bootstrap.
Inline add_partial since it becomes pretty simple.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Add a function that operates on the second doubleword in the page struct
and manipulates the object counters, the freelist and the frozen attribute.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
This is necessary because the frozen bit has to be handled in the same cmpxchg_double
with the freelist and the counters.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Do not use a page flag for the frozen bit. It needs to be part
of the state that is handled with cmpxchg_double(). So use a bit
in the counter struct in the page struct for that purpose.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Do the irq handling in allocate_slab() instead of __slab_alloc().
__slab_alloc() is already cluttered and allocate_slab() is already
fiddling around with gfp flags.
v6->v7:
Only increment ORDER_FALLBACK if we get a page during fallback
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
On an architecture without CMPXCHG_LOCAL but with DEBUG_VM enabled,
the VM_BUG_ON() in __pcpu_double_call_return_bool() will cause an early
panic during boot unless we always align cpu_slab properly.
In principle we could remove the alignment-testing VM_BUG_ON() for
architectures that don't have CMPXCHG_LOCAL, but leaving it in means
that new code will tend not to break x86 even if it is introduced
on another platform, and it's low cost to require alignment.
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Commit a71ae47a2c ("slub: Fix double bit unlock in debug mode")
removed the only goto to this label, resulting in
mm/slub.c: In function '__slab_alloc':
mm/slub.c:1834: warning: label 'unlock_out' defined but not used
fixed trivially by the removal of the label itself too.
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 442b06bcea ("slub: Remove node check in slab_free") added a
call to deactivate_slab() in the debug case in __slab_alloc(), which
unlocks the current slab used for allocation. Going to the label
'unlock_out' then does it again.
Also, in the debug case we do not need all the other processing that the
'unlock_out' path does. We always fall back to the slow path in the
debug case. So the tid update is useless.
Similarly, ALLOC_SLOWPATH would just be incremented for all allocations.
Also a pretty useless thing.
So simply restore irq flags and return the object.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Reported-and-bisected-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <jaxboe@fusionio.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We can set the page pointing in the percpu structure to
NULL to have the same effect as setting c->node to NUMA_NO_NODE.
Gets rid of one check in slab_free() that was only used for
forcing the slab_free to the slowpath for debugging.
We still need to set c->node to NUMA_NO_NODE to force the
slab_alloc() fastpath to the slowpath in case of debugging.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Jumping to a label inside a conditional is considered poor style,
especially considering the current organization of __slab_alloc().
This removes the 'load_from_page' label and just duplicates the three
lines of code that it uses:
c->node = page_to_nid(page);
c->page = page;
goto load_freelist;
since it's probably not worth making this a separate helper function.
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Fastpath can do a speculative access to a page that CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGE_ALLOC may have
marked as invalid to retrieve the pointer to the next free object.
Use probe_kernel_read in that case in order not to cause a page fault.
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> # 38.x
Reported-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Move the #ifdef so that get_map is only defined if CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG is defined.
Reported-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Remove the #ifdefs. This means that the irqsafe_cpu_cmpxchg_double() is used
everywhere.
There may be performance implications since:
A. We now have to manage a transaction ID for all arches
B. The interrupt holdoff for arches not supporting CONFIG_CMPXCHG_LOCAL is reduced
to a very short irqoff section.
There are no multiple irqoff/irqon sequences as a result of this change. Even in the fallback
case we only have to do one disable and enable like before.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The SLUB allocator use of the cmpxchg_double logic was wrong: it
actually needs the irq-safe one.
That happens automatically when we use the native unlocked 'cmpxchg8b'
instruction, but when compiling the kernel for older x86 CPUs that do
not support that instruction, we fall back to the generic emulation
code.
And if you don't specify that you want the irq-safe version, the generic
code ends up just open-coding the cmpxchg8b equivalent without any
protection against interrupts or preemption. Which definitely doesn't
work for SLUB.
This was reported by Werner Landgraf <w.landgraf@ru.ru>, who saw
instability with his distro-kernel that was compiled to support pretty
much everything under the sun. Most big Linux distributions tend to
compile for PPro and later, and would never have noticed this problem.
This also fixes the prototypes for the irqsafe cmpxchg_double functions
to use 'bool' like they should.
[ Btw, that whole "generic code defaults to no protection" design just
sounds stupid - if the code needs no protection, there is no reason to
use "cmpxchg_double" to begin with. So we should probably just remove
the unprotected version entirely as pointless. - Linus ]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reported-and-tested-by: werner <w.landgraf@ru.ru>
Acked-and-tested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LFD.2.02.1105041539050.3005@ionos
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Its easier to read if its with the check for debugging flags.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
If the node does not change then there is no need to recalculate
the node from the page struct. So move the node determination
into the places where we acquire a new slab page.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
__slab_alloc is full of "c->page" repeats. Lets just use one local variable
named "page" for this. Also avoids the need to a have another variable
called "new".
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The bit map of free objects in a slab page is determined in various functions
if debugging is enabled.
Provide a common function for that purpose.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
There's no config named SLAB_DEBUG, and it should be a typo
of SLUB_DEBUG.
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
It turns out that the cmpxchg16b emulation has to access vmalloced
percpu memory with interrupts disabled. If the memory has never
been touched before then the fault necessary to establish the
mapping will not to occur and the kernel will fail on boot.
Fix that by reusing the CONFIG_PREEMPT code that writes the
cpu number into a field on every cpu. Writing to the per cpu
area before causes the mapping to be established before we get
to a cmpxchg16b emulation.
Tested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
On Thu, 24 Mar 2011, Ingo Molnar wrote:
> RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff810570a9>] [<ffffffff810570a9>] get_next_timer_interrupt+0x119/0x260
That's a typical timer crash, but you were unable to debug it with
debugobjects because commit d3f661d6 broke those.
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Tested-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
OOM path is missing the irq restore in the CONFIG_CMPXCHG_LOCAL case.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The redo label needs #ifdeffery. Fixes the following problem introduced by
commit 8a5ec0ba42 ("Lockless (and preemptless) fastpaths for slub"):
mm/slub.c: In function 'slab_free':
mm/slub.c:2124: warning: label 'redo' defined but not used
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The size of struct rcu_head may be changed. When it becomes larger,
it will pollute the page array.
We reserve some some bytes for struct rcu_head when a slab
is allocated in this situation.
Changed from V1:
use VM_BUG_ON instead BUG_ON
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
There is no "struct" for slub's slab, it shares with struct page.
But struct page is very small, it is insufficient when we need
to add some metadata for slab.
So we add a field "reserved" to struct kmem_cache, when a slab
is allocated, kmem_cache->reserved bytes are automatically reserved
at the end of the slab for slab's metadata.
Changed from v1:
Export the reserved field via sysfs
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <laijs@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Use the this_cpu_cmpxchg_double functionality to implement a lockless
allocation algorithm on arches that support fast this_cpu_ops.
Each of the per cpu pointers is paired with a transaction id that ensures
that updates of the per cpu information can only occur in sequence on
a certain cpu.
A transaction id is a "long" integer that is comprised of an event number
and the cpu number. The event number is incremented for every change to the
per cpu state. This means that the cmpxchg instruction can verify for an
update that nothing interfered and that we are updating the percpu structure
for the processor where we picked up the information and that we are also
currently on that processor when we update the information.
This results in a significant decrease of the overhead in the fastpaths. It
also makes it easy to adopt the fast path for realtime kernels since this
is lockless and does not require the use of the current per cpu area
over the critical section. It is only important that the per cpu area is
current at the beginning of the critical section and at the end.
So there is no need even to disable preemption.
Test results show that the fastpath cycle count is reduced by up to ~ 40%
(alloc/free test goes from ~140 cycles down to ~80). The slowpath for kfree
adds a few cycles.
Sadly this does nothing for the slowpath which is where the main issues with
performance in slub are but the best case performance rises significantly.
(For that see the more complex slub patches that require cmpxchg_double)
Kmalloc: alloc/free test
Before:
10000 times kmalloc(8)/kfree -> 134 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16)/kfree -> 152 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(32)/kfree -> 144 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(64)/kfree -> 142 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(128)/kfree -> 142 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(256)/kfree -> 132 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(512)/kfree -> 132 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(1024)/kfree -> 135 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(2048)/kfree -> 135 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(4096)/kfree -> 135 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(8192)/kfree -> 144 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16384)/kfree -> 754 cycles
After:
10000 times kmalloc(8)/kfree -> 78 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16)/kfree -> 78 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(32)/kfree -> 82 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(64)/kfree -> 88 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(128)/kfree -> 79 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(256)/kfree -> 79 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(512)/kfree -> 85 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(1024)/kfree -> 82 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(2048)/kfree -> 82 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(4096)/kfree -> 85 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(8192)/kfree -> 82 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16384)/kfree -> 706 cycles
Kmalloc: Repeatedly allocate then free test
Before:
10000 times kmalloc(8) -> 211 cycles kfree -> 113 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16) -> 174 cycles kfree -> 115 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(32) -> 235 cycles kfree -> 129 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(64) -> 222 cycles kfree -> 120 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(128) -> 343 cycles kfree -> 139 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(256) -> 827 cycles kfree -> 147 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(512) -> 1048 cycles kfree -> 272 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(1024) -> 2043 cycles kfree -> 528 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(2048) -> 4002 cycles kfree -> 571 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(4096) -> 7740 cycles kfree -> 628 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(8192) -> 8062 cycles kfree -> 850 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16384) -> 8895 cycles kfree -> 1249 cycles
After:
10000 times kmalloc(8) -> 190 cycles kfree -> 129 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16) -> 76 cycles kfree -> 123 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(32) -> 126 cycles kfree -> 124 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(64) -> 181 cycles kfree -> 128 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(128) -> 310 cycles kfree -> 140 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(256) -> 809 cycles kfree -> 165 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(512) -> 1005 cycles kfree -> 269 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(1024) -> 1999 cycles kfree -> 527 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(2048) -> 3967 cycles kfree -> 570 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(4096) -> 7658 cycles kfree -> 637 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(8192) -> 8111 cycles kfree -> 859 cycles
10000 times kmalloc(16384) -> 8791 cycles kfree -> 1173 cycles
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The following patch will make the fastpaths lockless and will no longer
require interrupts to be disabled. Calling the free hook with irq disabled
will no longer be possible.
Move the slab_free_hook_irq() logic into slab_free_hook. Only disable
interrupts if the features are selected that require callbacks with
interrupts off and reenable after calls have been made.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
mm/slub.c: In function 'ksize':
mm/slub.c:2728: error: implicit declaration of function 'slab_ksize'
slab_ksize() needs to go out of CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG section.
Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Mariusz Kozlowski <mk@lab.zgora.pl>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Recent use of ksize() in network stack (commit ca44ac38 : net: don't
reallocate skb->head unless the current one hasn't the needed extra size
or is shared) triggers kmemcheck warnings, because ksize() can return
more space than kmemcheck is aware of.
Pekka Enberg noticed SLAB+kmemcheck is doing the right thing, while SLUB
+kmemcheck doesnt.
Bugzilla reference #27212
Reported-by: Christian Casteyde <casteyde.christian@free.fr>
Suggested-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
CC: Changli Gao <xiaosuo@gmail.com>
CC: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The last user was ext4 and Eric Sandeen removed the call in a recent patch. See
the following URL for the discussion:
http://marc.info/?l=linux-ext4&m=129546975702198&w=2
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
The purpose of the locking is to prevent removal and additions
of nodes when statistics are gathered for a slab cache. So we
need to avoid racing with memory hotplug functionality.
It is enough to take the memory hotplug locks there instead
of the slub_lock.
online_pages() currently does not acquire the memory_hotplug
lock. Another patch will be submitted by the memory hotplug
authors to take the memory hotplug lock and describe the
uses of the memory hotplug lock to protect against
adding and removal of nodes from non hotplug data structures.
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> # 2.6.37
Reported-and-tested-by: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/penberg/slab-2.6:
slub: Fix a crash during slabinfo -v
tracing/slab: Move kmalloc tracepoint out of inline code
slub: Fix slub_lock down/up imbalance
slub: Fix build breakage in Documentation/vm
slub tracing: move trace calls out of always inlined functions to reduce kernel code size
slub: move slabinfo.c to tools/slub/slabinfo.c
Commit f7cb193362 ("SLUB: Pass active
and inactive redzone flags instead of boolean to debug functions")
missed two instances of check_object(). This caused a lot of warnings
during 'slabinfo -v' finally leading to a crash:
BUG ext4_xattr: Freepointer corrupt
...
BUG buffer_head: Freepointer corrupt
...
BUG ext4_alloc_context: Freepointer corrupt
...
...
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000008
IP: [<ffffffff810a291f>] file_sb_list_del+0x1c/0x35
PGD 79d78067 PUD 79e67067 PMD 0
Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP
last sysfs file: /sys/kernel/slab/:t-0000192/validate
This patch fixes the problem by converting the two missed instances.
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Tero Roponen <tero.roponen@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Commit f7cb193362 ("SLUB: Pass active
and inactive redzone flags instead of boolean to debug functions")
missed two instances of check_object(). This caused a lot of warnings
during 'slabinfo -v' finally leading to a crash:
BUG ext4_xattr: Freepointer corrupt
...
BUG buffer_head: Freepointer corrupt
...
BUG ext4_alloc_context: Freepointer corrupt
...
...
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000008
IP: [<ffffffff810a291f>] file_sb_list_del+0x1c/0x35
PGD 79d78067 PUD 79e67067 PMD 0
Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP
last sysfs file: /sys/kernel/slab/:t-0000192/validate
This patch fixes the problem by converting the two missed instances.
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Tero Roponen <tero.roponen@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
There are two places, that do not release the slub_lock.
Respective bugs were introduced by sysfs changes ab4d5ed5 (slub: Enable
sysfs support for !CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG) and 2bce6485 ( slub: Allow removal
of slab caches during boot).
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
There are two places, that do not release the slub_lock.
Respective bugs were introduced by sysfs changes ab4d5ed5 (slub: Enable
sysfs support for !CONFIG_SLUB_DEBUG) and 2bce6485 ( slub: Allow removal
of slab caches during boot).
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@openvz.org>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Christoph Lameter