In the read path, partial reads are currently performed synchronously
which affects performance for workloads that generate many partial
reads. This patch adds an asynchronous partial read path as well as
the required partial read ctx.
Signed-off-by: Heiner Litz <hlitz@ucsc.edu>
Reviewed-by: Igor Konopko <igor.j.konopko@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
The error messages in pblk does not say which pblk instance that
a message occurred from. Update each error message to reflect the
instance it belongs to, and also prefix it with pblk, so we know
the message comes from the pblk module.
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
There is no users of CONFIG_NVM_DEBUG in the LightNVM subsystem. All
users are in pblk. Rename NVM_DEBUG to NVM_PBLK_DEBUG and enable
only for pblk.
Also fix up the CONFIG_NVM_PBLK entry to follow the code style for
Kconfig files.
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Some devices can expose mw_cunits equal to 0, it can cause the
creation of too small write buffer and cause performance to drop
on write workloads.
Additionally, write buffer size must cover write data requirements,
such as WS_MIN and MW_CUNITS - it must be greater than or equal to
the larger one multiplied by the number of PUs. However, for
performance reasons, use the WS_OPT value to calculation instead of
WS_MIN.
Because the place where buffer size is calculated was changed, this
patch also removes pgs_in_buffer filed in pblk structure.
Signed-off-by: Marcin Dziegielewski <marcin.dziegielewski@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Igor Konopko <igor.j.konopko@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Unless we kick the writer directly when setting a new flush point, the
user risks having to wait for up to one second (the default timeout for
the write thread to be kicked) for the IO to complete.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Write failures should not happen under normal circumstances,
so in order to bring the chunk back into a known state as soon
as possible, evacuate all the valid data out of the line and let the
fw judge if the block can be written to in the next reset cycle.
Do this by introducing a new gc list for lines with failed writes,
and ensure that the rate limiter allocates a small portion of
the write bandwidth to get the job done.
The lba list is saved in memory for use during gc as we
cannot gurantee that the emeta data is readable if a write
error occurred.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
The write error recovery path is incomplete, so rework
the write error recovery handling to do resubmits directly
from the write buffer.
When a write error occurs, the remaining sectors in the chunk are
mapped out and invalidated and the request inserted in a resubmit list.
The writer thread checks if there are any requests to resubmit,
scans and invalidates any lbas that have been overwritten by later
writes and resubmits the failed entries.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Remove dead function for manual sync. I/O
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
If the namespace is unregistered before the LightNVM target is removed
(e.g., on hot unplug) it is too late for the target to store any metadata
on the device - any attempt to write to the device will fail. In this
case, pass on a "gracefull teardown" flag to the target to let it know
when this happens.
In the case of pblk, we pad the open line (close all open chunks) to
improve data retention. In the event of an ungraceful shutdown, avoid
this part and just clean up.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Convert lightnvm to embedded bio sets.
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Implement 2.0 support in pblk. This includes the address formatting and
mapping paths, as well as the sysfs entries for them.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
In preparation of pblk supporting 2.0, implement the get log report
chunk in pblk. Also, define the chunk states as given in the 2.0 spec.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
In preparation for 2.0 support in pblk, rename variables referring to
the address format to addrf and reserve ppaf for the 1.2 path.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Add support for 2.0 address format. Also, align address bits for 1.2 and
2.0 to be able to operate on channel and luns without requiring a format
conversion. Use a generic address format for this purpose.
Also, convert the generic operations to the generic format in pblk.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Normalize nomenclature for naming channels, luns, chunks, planes and
sectors as well as derivations in order to improve readability.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Currently, the device geometry is stored redundantly in the nvm_id and
nvm_geo structures at a device level. Moreover, when instantiating
targets on a specific number of LUNs, these structures are replicated
and manually modified to fit the instance channel and LUN partitioning.
Instead, create a generic geometry around nvm_geo, which can be used by
(i) the underlying device to describe the geometry of the whole device,
and (ii) instances to describe their geometry independently.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
In preparation for the OCSSD 2.0 spec. bad block identification,
refactor the current code to generalize bad block get/set functions and
structures.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
When pblk receives a sync, all data up to that point in the write buffer
must be comitted to persistent storage, and as flash memory comes with a
minimal write size there is a significant cost involved both in terms
of time for completing the sync and in terms of write amplification
padded sectors for filling up to the minimal write size.
In order to get a better understanding of the costs involved for syncs,
Add a sysfs attribute to pblk: padded_dist, showing a normalized
distribution of sectors padded. In order to facilitate measurements of
specific workloads during the lifetime of the pblk instance, the
distribution can be reset by writing 0 to the attribute.
Do this by introducing counters for each possible padding:
{0..(minimal write size - 1)} and calculate the normalized distribution
when showing the attribute.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Rearranged total_buckets statement in pblk_sysfs_get_padding_dist
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
In a SSD, write amplification, WA, is defined as the average
number of page writes per user page write. Write amplification
negatively affects write performance and decreases the lifetime
of the disk, so it's a useful metric to add to sysfs.
In plkb's case, the number of writes per user sector is the sum of:
(1) number of user writes
(2) number of sectors written by the garbage collector
(3) number of sectors padded (i.e. due to syncs)
This patch adds persistent counters for 1-3 and two sysfs attributes
to export these along with WA calculated with five decimals:
write_amp_mileage: the accumulated write amplification stats
for the lifetime of the pblk instance
write_amp_trip: resetable stats to facilitate delta measurements,
values reset at creation and if 0 is written
to the attribute.
64-bit counters are used as a 32 bit counter would wrap around
already after about 17 TB worth of user data. It will take a
long long time before the 64 bit sector counters wrap around.
The counters are stored after the bad block bitmap in the first
emeta sector of each written line. There is plenty of space in the
first emeta sector, so we don't need to bump the major version of
the line data format.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
As a preparation for future bumps of data line persistent storage
versions, we need to start checking the emeta line version during
recovery. Also slit up the current emeta/smeta version into two
bytes (major,minor).
Recovering lines with the same major number as the current pblk data
line version must succeed. This means that any changes in the
persistent format must be:
(1) Backward compatible: if we switch back to and older
kernel, recovery of lines stored with major == current_major
and minor > current_minor must succeed.
(2) Forward compatible: switching to a newer kernel,
recovery of lines stored with major=current_major and
minor < minor must handle the data format differences
gracefully(i.e. initialize new data structures to default values).
If we detect lines that have a different major number than
the current we must abort recovery. The user must manually
migrate the data in this case.
Previously the version stored in the emeta header was copied
from smeta, which has version 1, so we need to set the minor
version to 1.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Shorten function to simply return the value of the if statement.
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Since pblk registers its own block device, the iostat accounting is
not automatically done for us. Therefore, add the necessary
accounting logic to satisfy the iostat interface.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
On scan recovery, reads can fail. This happens because the first page
for each line is read in order to determined if the line has been used
(and thus needs to be recovered), or not. This can lead to "empty page"
read errors.
Since these errors are normal, do not log them, as they are confusing
when reviewing the logs.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Allow to set the over-provision percentage on target creation. In case
that the value is not provided, fall back to the default value set by
the target.
In pblk, set the default OP to 11% of the total size of the device
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Until now, pblk's rate-limiter has used a heuristic to reserve space for
GC I/O given that the over-provision area was fixed.
In preparation for allowing to define the over-provision area on target
creation, define a dedicated free_block counter in the rate-limiter to
track the number of blocks being used for user data.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Sync point is a really confusing name for keeping track of
the last entry that needs to be flushed so change the name
to to flush_point instead.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Currently pblk_recov_get_lba list does two separate things:
it checks the consistency of the emeta and extracts the lba list.
This patch separates the consistency check to make the code easier
to read and to prepare for version checks of the line emeta
persistent data format version.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Through time, we have generated some redundant helper functions.
Refactor them to eliminate redundant and unnecessary code. Also, reorder
them to improve readability
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Prepare for the 2.0 revision by adapting the geometry
structures to coexist with the 1.2 revision.
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Reviewed-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
In preparation for unconditionally passing the struct timer_list pointer to
all timer callbacks, switch to using the new timer_setup() and from_timer()
to pass the timer pointer explicitly.
Cc: Matias Bjorling <mb@lightnvm.io>
Cc: linux-block@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
A previous patch inadvertently left an unused test function in the
header, kill it.
Fixes: 8bd400204b ("lightnvm: pblk: cleanup unused and static functions")
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Implement a generic path for sending sync I/O on LightNVM. This allows
to reuse the standard synchronous path trough blk_execute_rq(), instead
of implementing a wait_for_completion on the target side (e.g., pblk).
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cleanup up unused and static functions across the whole codebase.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Finish garbage collect of the lines that are in the gc pipeline
before exiting. Ensure that all lines already in in the pipeline
goes through, from read to write.
Do this by keeping track of how many lines are in the pipeline
and waiting for that number to reach zero before exiting the gc
reader task.
Since we're adding a new gc line counter, change the name of
inflight_gc to read_inflight_gc to make the distinction clear.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Start GC if needed, directly after init, as we might
need to garbage collect in order to make room for user writes.
Create a helper function that allows to kick GC without exposing the
internals of the GC/rate-limiter interaction.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
When rebuilding the L2P table, any full lines (lines without any
valid sectors) will be identified. If these lines are not freed,
we risk not being able to allocate the first data line.
This patch refactors the part of GC that frees empty lines
into a separate function and adds a call to this after the
L2P table has been rebuilt.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Metadata I/Os are scheduled to minimize their impact on user data I/Os.
When there are enough LUNs instantiated (i.e., enough bandwidth), it is
easy to interleave metadata and data one after the other so that
metadata I/Os are the ones being blocked and not vice-versa.
We do this by calculating the distance between the I/Os in terms of the
LUNs that are not in used, and selecting a free LUN that satisfies a
the simple heuristic that metadata is scheduled behind. The per-LUN
semaphores guarantee consistency. This works fine on >1 LUN
configuration. However, when a single LUN is instantiated, this design
leads to a deadlock, where metadata waits to be scheduled on a free LUN.
This patch implements the 1 LUN case by simply scheduling the metadada
I/O after the data I/O. In the process, we refactor the way a line is
replaced to ensure that metadata writes are submitted after data writes
in order to guarantee block sequentiality. Note that, since there is
only one LUN, both I/Os will block each other by design. However, such
configuration only pursues tight read latencies, not write bandwidth.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
When a line is recycled during garbage collection, reads can still be
issued to the line. If the line is freed in the middle of this process,
data corruption might occur.
This patch guarantees that lines are not freed in the middle of reads
that target them (lines). Specifically, we use the existing line
reference to decide when a line is eligible for being freed after the
recycle process.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
As part of pblk's recovery scheme, we store the lba mapped to each
physical sector on the device's out-of-bound (OOB) area.
On the read path, we can use this information to validate that the data
being delivered to the upper layers corresponds to the lba being
requested. The cost of this check is an extra copy on the DMA region on
the device and an extra comparison in the host, given that (i) the OOB
area is being read together with the data in the media, and (ii) the DMA
region allocated for the ppa list can be reused for the metadata stored
on the OOB area.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Refactor the rqd allocation and free functions so that all I/O types can
use these helper functions.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Each request type sent to the LightNVM subsystem requires different
metadata. Until now, we have tailored this metadata based on write, read
and erase commands. However, pblk uses different metadata for internal
writes that do not hit the write buffer. Instead of abusing the metadata
for reads, create a new request type - internal write to improve
code readability.
In the process, create internal values for each I/O type instead of
abusing the READ/WRITE macros, as suggested by Christoph.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Wait until we know the exact number of ppas to be sent to the device,
before allocating the bio.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
When a line is selected for recycling by the garbage collector (GC), the
line state changes and the invalid bitmap is frozen, preventing
invalidations from happening. Throughout the GC, the L2P map is checked
to verify that not data being recycled has been updated. The last check
is done before the new map is being stored on the L2P table. Though
this algorithm works, it requires a number of corner cases to be checked
each time the L2P table is being updated. This complicates readability
and is error prone in case that the recycling algorithm is modified.
Instead, this patch makes the invalid bitmap accessible even when the
line is being recycled. When recycled data is being remapped, it is
enough to check the invalid bitmap for the line before updating the L2P
table.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Use a constant to set the maximum number of inflight GC requests
allowed.
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
pblk holds two sector bitmaps: one to keep track of the mapped sectors
while the line is active and another one to keep track of the invalid
sectors. The latter is kept during the whole live of the line, until it
is recycled. Since we cannot guarantee forward progress for the mempool
in this case, get rid of the mempool and simply allocate memory through
kmalloc.
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Since read and erase paths offer different guarantees for inflight I/Os,
separate the mempools to set the right min_nr for each on creation.
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
In pblk, we have a mempool to allocate a generic structure that we
pass along workqueues. This is heavily used in the GC path in order
to have enough inflight reads and fully utilize the GC bandwidth.
However, the current GC path copies data to the host memory and puts it
back into the write buffer. This requires a vmalloc allocation for the
data and a memory copy. Thus, guaranteeing the allocation by using a
mempool for the structure in itself does not give us much. Until we
implement support for vector copy to avoid moving data through the host,
just allocate the workqueue structure using kmalloc.
This allows us to have a much smaller mempool.
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
pblk uses an internal page mempool for allocating pages on internal
bios. The main two users of this memory pool are partial reads (reads
with some sectors in cache and some on media) and padded writes, which
need to add dummy pages to an existing bio already containing valid
data (and with a large enough bioset allocated). In both cases, the
maximum number of pages per bio is defined by the maximum number of
physical sectors supported by the underlying device.
This patch fixes a bad mempool allocation, where the min_nr of elements
on the pool was fixed (to 16), which is lower than the maximum number
of sectors supported by NVMe (as of the time for this patch). Instead,
use the maximum number of allowed sectors reported by the device.
Reported-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Signed-off-by: Javier González <javier@cnexlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Matias Bjørling <m@bjorling.me>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Heiner Litz