extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot time as
possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in CPU operation
(due to runtime data differences, hardware differences, SMP ordering,
thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).
At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example for
how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals.
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Merge tag 'gcc-plugins-v4.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux
Pull gcc plugins update from Kees Cook:
"This adds a new gcc plugin named "latent_entropy". It is designed to
extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot
time as possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in
CPU operation (due to runtime data differences, hardware differences,
SMP ordering, thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).
At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example
for how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals"
* tag 'gcc-plugins-v4.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/kees/linux:
latent_entropy: Mark functions with __latent_entropy
gcc-plugins: Add latent_entropy plugin
Pull cgroup updates from Tejun Heo:
- tracepoints for basic cgroup management operations added
- kernfs and cgroup path formatting functions updated to behave in the
style of strlcpy()
- non-critical bug fixes
* 'for-4.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup:
blkcg: Unlock blkcg_pol_mutex only once when cpd == NULL
cgroup: fix error handling regressions in proc_cgroup_show() and cgroup_release_agent()
cpuset: fix error handling regression in proc_cpuset_show()
cgroup: add tracepoints for basic operations
cgroup: make cgroup_path() and friends behave in the style of strlcpy()
kernfs: remove kernfs_path_len()
kernfs: make kernfs_path*() behave in the style of strlcpy()
kernfs: add dummy implementation of kernfs_path_from_node()
This affectively reverts commit 377ccbb483 ("Makefile: Mute warning
for __builtin_return_address(>0) for tracing only") because it turns out
that it really isn't tracing only - it's all over the tree.
We already also had the warning disabled separately for mm/usercopy.c
(which this commit also removes), and it turns out that we will also
want to disable it for get_lock_parent_ip(), that is used for at least
TRACE_IRQFLAGS. Which (when enabled) ends up being all over the tree.
Steven Rostedt had a patch that tried to limit it to just the config
options that actually triggered this, but quite frankly, the extra
complexity and abstraction just isn't worth it. We have never actually
had a case where the warning is actually useful, so let's just disable
it globally and not worry about it.
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Previously hung_task_panic would not be respected if enabled after
hung_task_warnings had already been decremented to 0.
Permit the kernel to panic if hung_task_panic is enabled after
hung_task_warnings has already been decremented to 0 and another task
hangs for hung_task_timeout_secs seconds.
Check if hung_task_panic is enabled so we don't return prematurely, and
check if hung_task_warnings is non-zero so we don't print the warning
unnecessarily.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix off-by-one]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473450214-4049-1-git-send-email-jsiddle@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: John Siddle <jsiddle@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch allows to make kthread worker freezable via a new @flags
parameter. It will allow to avoid an init work in some kthreads.
It currently does not affect the function of kthread_worker_fn()
but it might help to do some optimization or fixes eventually.
I currently do not know about any other use for the @flags
parameter but I believe that we will want more flags
in the future.
Finally, I hope that it will not cause confusion with @flags member
in struct kthread. Well, I guess that we will want to rework the
basic kthreads implementation once all kthreads are converted into
kthread workers or workqueues. It is possible that we will merge
the two structures.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-12-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are situations when we need to modify the delay of a delayed kthread
work. For example, when the work depends on an event and the initial delay
means a timeout. Then we want to queue the work immediately when the event
happens.
This patch implements kthread_mod_delayed_work() as inspired workqueues.
It cancels the timer, removes the work from any worker list and queues it
again with the given timeout.
A very special case is when the work is being canceled at the same time.
It might happen because of the regular kthread_cancel_delayed_work_sync()
or by another kthread_mod_delayed_work(). In this case, we do nothing and
let the other operation win. This should not normally happen as the caller
is supposed to synchronize these operations a reasonable way.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-11-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are going to use kthread workers more widely and sometimes we will need
to make sure that the work is neither pending nor running.
This patch implements cancel_*_sync() operations as inspired by
workqueues. Well, we are synchronized against the other operations via
the worker lock, we use del_timer_sync() and a counter to count parallel
cancel operations. Therefore the implementation might be easier.
First, we check if a worker is assigned. If not, the work has newer been
queued after it was initialized.
Second, we take the worker lock. It must be the right one. The work must
not be assigned to another worker unless it is initialized in between.
Third, we try to cancel the timer when it exists. The timer is deleted
synchronously to make sure that the timer call back is not running. We
need to temporary release the worker->lock to avoid a possible deadlock
with the callback. In the meantime, we set work->canceling counter to
avoid any queuing.
Fourth, we try to remove the work from a worker list. It might be
the list of either normal or delayed works.
Fifth, if the work is running, we call kthread_flush_work(). It might
take an arbitrary time. We need to release the worker-lock again. In the
meantime, we again block any queuing by the canceling counter.
As already mentioned, the check for a pending kthread work is done under a
lock. In compare with workqueues, we do not need to fight for a single
PENDING bit to block other operations. Therefore we do not suffer from
the thundering storm problem and all parallel canceling jobs might use
kthread_flush_work(). Any queuing is blocked until the counter gets zero.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-10-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are going to use kthread_worker more widely and delayed works
will be pretty useful.
The implementation is inspired by workqueues. It uses a timer to queue
the work after the requested delay. If the delay is zero, the work is
queued immediately.
In compare with workqueues, each work is associated with a single worker
(kthread). Therefore the implementation could be much easier. In
particular, we use the worker->lock to synchronize all the operations with
the work. We do not need any atomic operation with a flags variable.
In fact, we do not need any state variable at all. Instead, we add a list
of delayed works into the worker. Then the pending work is listed either
in the list of queued or delayed works. And the existing check of pending
works is the same even for the delayed ones.
A work must not be assigned to another worker unless reinitialized.
Therefore the timer handler might expect that dwork->work->worker is valid
and it could simply take the lock. We just add some sanity checks to help
with debugging a potential misuse.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-9-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Nothing currently prevents a work from queuing for a kthread worker when
it is already running on another one. This means that the work might run
in parallel on more than one worker. Also some operations are not
reliable, e.g. flush.
This problem will be even more visible after we add kthread_cancel_work()
function. It will only have "work" as the parameter and will use
worker->lock to synchronize with others.
Well, normally this is not a problem because the API users are sane.
But bugs might happen and users also might be crazy.
This patch adds a warning when we try to insert the work for another
worker. It does not fully prevent the misuse because it would make the
code much more complicated without a big benefit.
It adds the same warning also into kthread_flush_work() instead of the
repeated attempts to get the right lock.
A side effect is that one needs to explicitly reinitialize the work if it
must be queued into another worker. This is needed, for example, when the
worker is stopped and started again. It is a bit inconvenient. But it
looks like a good compromise between the stability and complexity.
I have double checked all existing users of the kthread worker API and
they all seems to initialize the work after the worker gets started.
Just for completeness, the patch adds a check that the work is not already
in a queue.
The patch also puts all the checks into a separate function. It will be
reused when implementing delayed works.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-8-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The current kthread worker users call flush() and stop() explicitly.
This function does the same plus it frees the kthread_worker struct
in one call.
It is supposed to be used together with kthread_create_worker*() that
allocates struct kthread_worker.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-7-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Kthread workers are currently created using the classic kthread API,
namely kthread_run(). kthread_worker_fn() is passed as the @threadfn
parameter.
This patch defines kthread_create_worker() and
kthread_create_worker_on_cpu() functions that hide implementation details.
They enforce using kthread_worker_fn() for the main thread. But I doubt
that there are any plans to create any alternative. In fact, I think that
we do not want any alternative main thread because it would be hard to
support consistency with the rest of the kthread worker API.
The naming and function of kthread_create_worker() is inspired by the
workqueues API like the rest of the kthread worker API.
The kthread_create_worker_on_cpu() variant is motivated by the original
kthread_create_on_cpu(). Note that we need to bind per-CPU kthread
workers already when they are created. It makes the life easier.
kthread_bind() could not be used later for an already running worker.
This patch does _not_ convert existing kthread workers. The kthread
worker API need more improvements first, e.g. a function to destroy the
worker.
IMPORTANT:
kthread_create_worker_on_cpu() allows to use any format of the worker
name, in compare with kthread_create_on_cpu(). The good thing is that it
is more generic. The bad thing is that most users will need to pass the
cpu number in two parameters, e.g. kthread_create_worker_on_cpu(cpu,
"helper/%d", cpu).
To be honest, the main motivation was to avoid the need for an empty
va_list. The only legal way was to create a helper function that would be
called with an empty list. Other attempts caused compilation warnings or
even errors on different architectures.
There were also other alternatives, for example, using #define or
splitting __kthread_create_worker(). The used solution looked like the
least ugly.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-6-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kthread_create_on_node() implements a bunch of logic to create the
kthread. It is already called by kthread_create_on_cpu().
We are going to extend the kthread worker API and will need to call
kthread_create_on_node() with va_list args there.
This patch does only a refactoring and does not modify the existing
behavior.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-5-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
kthread_create_on_cpu() was added by the commit 2a1d446019
("kthread: Implement park/unpark facility"). It is currently used only
when enabling new CPU. For this purpose, the newly created kthread has to
be parked.
The CPU binding is a bit tricky. The kthread is parked when the CPU has
not been allowed yet. And the CPU is bound when the kthread is unparked.
The function would be useful for more per-CPU kthreads, e.g.
bnx2fc_thread, fcoethread. For this purpose, the newly created kthread
should stay in the uninterruptible state.
This patch moves the parking into smpboot. It binds the thread already
when created. Then the function might be used universally. Also the
behavior is consistent with kthread_create() and kthread_create_on_node().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-4-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A good practice is to prefix the names of functions by the name
of the subsystem.
The kthread worker API is a mix of classic kthreads and workqueues. Each
worker has a dedicated kthread. It runs a generic function that process
queued works. It is implemented as part of the kthread subsystem.
This patch renames the existing kthread worker API to use
the corresponding name from the workqueues API prefixed by
kthread_:
__init_kthread_worker() -> __kthread_init_worker()
init_kthread_worker() -> kthread_init_worker()
init_kthread_work() -> kthread_init_work()
insert_kthread_work() -> kthread_insert_work()
queue_kthread_work() -> kthread_queue_work()
flush_kthread_work() -> kthread_flush_work()
flush_kthread_worker() -> kthread_flush_worker()
Note that the names of DEFINE_KTHREAD_WORK*() macros stay
as they are. It is common that the "DEFINE_" prefix has
precedence over the subsystem names.
Note that INIT() macros and init() functions use different
naming scheme. There is no good solution. There are several
reasons for this solution:
+ "init" in the function names stands for the verb "initialize"
aka "initialize worker". While "INIT" in the macro names
stands for the noun "INITIALIZER" aka "worker initializer".
+ INIT() macros are used only in DEFINE() macros
+ init() functions are used close to the other kthread()
functions. It looks much better if all the functions
use the same scheme.
+ There will be also kthread_destroy_worker() that will
be used close to kthread_cancel_work(). It is related
to the init() function. Again it looks better if all
functions use the same naming scheme.
+ there are several precedents for such init() function
names, e.g. amd_iommu_init_device(), free_area_init_node(),
jump_label_init_type(), regmap_init_mmio_clk(),
+ It is not an argument but it was inconsistent even before.
[arnd@arndb.de: fix linux-next merge conflict]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908135724.1311726-1-arnd@arndb.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-3-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "kthread: Kthread worker API improvements"
The intention of this patchset is to make it easier to manipulate and
maintain kthreads. Especially, I want to replace all the custom main
cycles with a generic one. Also I want to make the kthreads sleep in a
consistent state in a common place when there is no work.
This patch (of 11):
A good practice is to prefix the names of functions by the name of the
subsystem.
This patch fixes the name of probe_kthread_data(). The other wrong
functions names are part of the kthread worker API and will be fixed
separately.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1470754545-17632-2-git-send-email-pmladek@suse.com
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As of Android N, SECCOMP is required. Without it, we will get
mediaextractor error:
E /system/bin/mediaextractor: libminijail: prctl(PR_SET_SECCOMP, SECCOMP_MODE_FILTER): Invalid argument
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908185934.18098-3-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Amit Pundir <amit.pundir@linaro.org>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Android won't boot without SELinux enabled, so make it the default.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908185934.18098-2-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CONFIG_MD is in recommended, but other dependent options like DM_CRYPT and
DM_VERITY options are in base. The result is the options in base don't
get enabled when applying both base and recommended fragments. Move all
the options to recommended.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908185934.18098-1-robh@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Acked-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Amit Pundir <amit.pundir@linaro.org>
Cc: Dmitry Shmidt <dimitrysh@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Relay avoids calling wake_up_interruptible() for doing the wakeup of
readers/consumers, waiting for the generation of new data, from the
context of a process which produced the data. This is apparently done to
prevent the possibility of a deadlock in case Scheduler itself is is
generating data for the relay, after acquiring rq->lock.
The following patch used a timer (to be scheduled at next jiffy), for
delegating the wakeup to another context.
commit 7c9cb38302
Author: Tom Zanussi <zanussi@comcast.net>
Date: Wed May 9 02:34:01 2007 -0700
relay: use plain timer instead of delayed work
relay doesn't need to use schedule_delayed_work() for waking readers
when a simple timer will do.
Scheduling a plain timer, at next jiffies boundary, to do the wakeup
causes a significant wakeup latency for the Userspace client, which makes
relay less suitable for the high-frequency low-payload use cases where the
data gets generated at a very high rate, like multiple sub buffers getting
filled within a milli second. Moreover the timer is re-scheduled on every
newly produced sub buffer so the timer keeps getting pushed out if sub
buffers are filled in a very quick succession (less than a jiffy gap
between filling of 2 sub buffers). As a result relay runs out of sub
buffers to store the new data.
By using irq_work it is ensured that wakeup of userspace client, blocked
in the poll call, is done at earliest (through self IPI or next timer
tick) enabling it to always consume the data in time. Also this makes
relay consistent with printk & ring buffers (trace), as they too use
irq_work for deferred wake up of readers.
[arnd@arndb.de: select CONFIG_IRQ_WORK]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160912154035.3222156-1-arnd@arndb.de
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472906487-1559-1-git-send-email-akash.goel@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Akash Goel <akash.goel@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Zanussi <tzanussi@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Tvrtko Ursulin <tvrtko.ursulin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Daniel Walker reported problems which happens when
crash_kexec_post_notifiers kernel option is enabled
(https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/6/24/44).
In that case, smp_send_stop() is called before entering kdump routines
which assume other CPUs are still online. As the result, for x86, kdump
routines fail to save other CPUs' registers and disable virtualization
extensions.
To fix this problem, call a new kdump friendly function,
crash_smp_send_stop(), instead of the smp_send_stop() when
crash_kexec_post_notifiers is enabled. crash_smp_send_stop() is a weak
function, and it just call smp_send_stop(). Architecture codes should
override it so that kdump can work appropriately. This patch only
provides x86-specific version.
For Xen's PV kernel, just keep the current behavior.
NOTES:
- Right solution would be to place crash_smp_send_stop() before
__crash_kexec() invocation in all cases and remove smp_send_stop(), but
we can't do that until all architectures implement own
crash_smp_send_stop()
- crash_smp_send_stop()-like work is still needed by
machine_crash_shutdown() because crash_kexec() can be called without
entering panic()
Fixes: f06e5153f4 (kernel/panic.c: add "crash_kexec_post_notifiers" option)
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160810080948.11028.15344.stgit@sysi4-13.yrl.intra.hitachi.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Walker <dwalker@fifo99.com>
Cc: Dave Young <dyoung@redhat.com>
Cc: Baoquan He <bhe@redhat.com>
Cc: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Cc: Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Daniel Walker <dwalker@fifo99.com>
Cc: Xunlei Pang <xpang@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Cc: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Cc: Aaro Koskinen <aaro.koskinen@iki.fi>
Cc: "Steven J. Hill" <steven.hill@cavium.com>
Cc: Corey Minyard <cminyard@mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On __ptrace_detach(), called from do_exit()->exit_notify()->
forget_original_parent()->exit_ptrace(), the TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE in
thread->flags of the tracee is not cleared up. This results in the
tracehook_report_syscall_* being called (though there's no longer a tracer
listening to that) upon its further syscalls.
Example scenario - attach "strace" to a running process and kill it (the
strace) with SIGKILL. You'll see that the syscall trace hooks are still
being called.
The clearing of this flag should be moved from ptrace_detach() to
__ptrace_detach().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472759493-20554-1-git-send-email-alnovak@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Ales Novak <alnovak@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
asm-generic headers are generic implementations for architecture specific
code and should not be included by common code. Thus use the asm/ version
of sections.h to get at the linker sections.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1473602302-6208-1-git-send-email-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
">rename2() work from Miklos + current_time() from Deepa"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
fs: Replace current_fs_time() with current_time()
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME_SEC with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: proc: Delete inode time initializations in proc_alloc_inode()
vfs: Add current_time() api
vfs: add note about i_op->rename changes to porting
fs: rename "rename2" i_op to "rename"
vfs: remove unused i_op->rename
fs: make remaining filesystems use .rename2
libfs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE in simple_rename()
fs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE for local filesystems
ncpfs: fix unused variable warning
The __latent_entropy gcc attribute can be used only on functions and
variables. If it is on a function then the plugin will instrument it for
gathering control-flow entropy. If the attribute is on a variable then
the plugin will initialize it with random contents. The variable must
be an integer, an integer array type or a structure with integer fields.
These specific functions have been selected because they are init
functions (to help gather boot-time entropy), are called at unpredictable
times, or they have variable loops, each of which provide some level of
latent entropy.
Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
[kees: expanded commit message]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
This adds a new gcc plugin named "latent_entropy". It is designed to
extract as much possible uncertainty from a running system at boot time as
possible, hoping to capitalize on any possible variation in CPU operation
(due to runtime data differences, hardware differences, SMP ordering,
thermal timing variation, cache behavior, etc).
At the very least, this plugin is a much more comprehensive example for
how to manipulate kernel code using the gcc plugin internals.
The need for very-early boot entropy tends to be very architecture or
system design specific, so this plugin is more suited for those sorts
of special cases. The existing kernel RNG already attempts to extract
entropy from reliable runtime variation, but this plugin takes the idea to
a logical extreme by permuting a global variable based on any variation
in code execution (e.g. a different value (and permutation function)
is used to permute the global based on loop count, case statement,
if/then/else branching, etc).
To do this, the plugin starts by inserting a local variable in every
marked function. The plugin then adds logic so that the value of this
variable is modified by randomly chosen operations (add, xor and rol) and
random values (gcc generates separate static values for each location at
compile time and also injects the stack pointer at runtime). The resulting
value depends on the control flow path (e.g., loops and branches taken).
Before the function returns, the plugin mixes this local variable into
the latent_entropy global variable. The value of this global variable
is added to the kernel entropy pool in do_one_initcall() and _do_fork(),
though it does not credit any bytes of entropy to the pool; the contents
of the global are just used to mix the pool.
Additionally, the plugin can pre-initialize arrays with build-time
random contents, so that two different kernel builds running on identical
hardware will not have the same starting values.
Signed-off-by: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
[kees: expanded commit message and code comments]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted misc bits and pieces.
There are several single-topic branches left after this (rename2
series from Miklos, current_time series from Deepa Dinamani, xattr
series from Andreas, uaccess stuff from from me) and I'd prefer to
send those separately"
* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (39 commits)
proc: switch auxv to use of __mem_open()
hpfs: support FIEMAP
cifs: get rid of unused arguments of CIFSSMBWrite()
posix_acl: uapi header split
posix_acl: xattr representation cleanups
fs/aio.c: eliminate redundant loads in put_aio_ring_file
fs/internal.h: add const to ns_dentry_operations declaration
compat: remove compat_printk()
fs/buffer.c: make __getblk_slow() static
proc: unsigned file descriptors
fs/file: more unsigned file descriptors
fs: compat: remove redundant check of nr_segs
cachefiles: Fix attempt to read i_blocks after deleting file [ver #2]
cifs: don't use memcpy() to copy struct iov_iter
get rid of separate multipage fault-in primitives
fs: Avoid premature clearing of capabilities
fs: Give dentry to inode_change_ok() instead of inode
fuse: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
ceph: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
xfs: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
...
Pull protection keys syscall interface from Thomas Gleixner:
"This is the final step of Protection Keys support which adds the
syscalls so user space can actually allocate keys and protect memory
areas with them. Details and usage examples can be found in the
documentation.
The mm side of this has been acked by Mel"
* 'mm-pkeys-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/pkeys: Update documentation
x86/mm/pkeys: Do not skip PKRU register if debug registers are not used
x86/pkeys: Fix pkeys build breakage for some non-x86 arches
x86/pkeys: Add self-tests
x86/pkeys: Allow configuration of init_pkru
x86/pkeys: Default to a restrictive init PKRU
pkeys: Add details of system call use to Documentation/
generic syscalls: Wire up memory protection keys syscalls
x86: Wire up protection keys system calls
x86/pkeys: Allocation/free syscalls
x86/pkeys: Make mprotect_key() mask off additional vm_flags
mm: Implement new pkey_mprotect() system call
x86/pkeys: Add fault handling for PF_PK page fault bit
Pull scheduler fix from Thomas Gleixner:
"A revert of a commit which pointelessly widened a preempt disabled
section which in turn caused might_sleep() to trigger.
The patch intended to prevent usage of smp_processor_id() in
preemptible context, but the usage in that case is fine because the
thread is pinned on a single cpu and therefore cannot be migrated off"
* 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
Revert "sched/core: Do not use smp_processor_id() with preempt enabled in smpboot_thread_fn()"
Pull timer fix from Thomas Gleixner:
"A single fix for a regression introduced in 4.8 which causes the
trace/perf clock to return random nonsense if CONFIG_DEBUG_TIMEKEEPING
is set"
* 'timers-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
timekeeping: Fix __ktime_get_fast_ns() regression
Merge my system logging cleanups, triggered by the broken '\n' patches.
The line continuation handling has been broken basically forever, and
the code to handle the system log records was both confusing and
dubious. And it would do entirely the wrong thing unless you always had
a terminating newline, partly because it couldn't actually see whether a
message was marked KERN_CONT or not (but partly because the LOG_CONT
handling in the recording code was rather confusing too).
This re-introduces a real semantically meaningful KERN_CONT, and fixes
the few places I noticed where it was missing. There are probably more
missing cases, since KERN_CONT hasn't actually had any semantic meaning
for at least four years (other than the checkpatch meaning of "no log
level necessary, this is a continuation line").
This also allows the combination of KERN_CONT and a log level. In that
case the log level will be ignored if the merging with a previous line
is successful, but if a new record is needed, that new record will now
get the right log level.
That also means that you can at least in theory combine KERN_CONT with
the "pr_info()" style helpers, although any use of pr_fmt() prefixing
would make that just result in a mess, of course (the prefix would end
up in the middle of a continuing line).
* printk-cleanups:
printk: make reading the kernel log flush pending lines
printk: re-organize log_output() to be more legible
printk: split out core logging code into helper function
printk: reinstate KERN_CONT for printing continuation lines
That will mean that any possible subsequent continuation will now be
broken up onto a line of its own (since reading the log has finalized
the beginning og the line), but if user space has activated system
logging (or if there's a kernel message dump going on) that is the right
thing to do.
And now that we actually get the continuation flags _right_ for this
all, the user space logger that is reading the kernel messages can
actually see the continuation marker. Not that anybody seems to really
bother with it (or care), but in theory user space can do its own
message stitching.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Avoid some duplicate logic now that we can return early, and update the
comments for the new LOG_CONT world order.
This also stops the continuation flushing from just using random record
flags for the flushing action, instead taking the flags from the proper
original line and updating them as we add continuations to it.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The code that actually decides how to log the message (whether to put it
directly into the record log, whether to append it to an existing
buffered log, or whether to start a new buffered log) is fairly
non-obvious code in the middle of the vprintk_emit() function.
Splitting that code up into a helper function makes it easier to
understand, but perhaps more importantly also allows for the code to
just return early out of the helper function once it has made the
decision about where the new log content goes.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Long long ago the kernel log buffer was a buffered stream of bytes, very
much like stdio in user space. It supported log levels by scanning the
stream and noticing the log level markers at the beginning of each line,
but if you wanted to print a partial line in multiple chunks, you just
did multiple printk() calls, and it just automatically worked.
Except when it didn't, and you had very confusing output when different
lines got all mixed up with each other. Then you got fragment lines
mixing with each other, or with non-fragment lines, because it was
traditionally impossible to tell whether a printk() call was a
continuation or not.
To at least help clarify the issue of continuation lines, we added a
KERN_CONT marker back in 2007 to mark continuation lines:
4749252776 ("printk: add KERN_CONT annotation").
That continuation marker was initially an empty string, and didn't
actuall make any semantic difference. But it at least made it possible
to annotate the source code, and have check-patch notice that a printk()
didn't need or want a log level marker, because it was a continuation of
a previous line.
To avoid the ambiguity between a continuation line that had that
KERN_CONT marker, and a printk with no level information at all, we then
in 2009 made KERN_CONT be a real log level marker which meant that we
could now reliably tell the difference between the two cases.
5fd29d6ccb ("printk: clean up handling of log-levels and newlines")
and we could take advantage of that to make sure we didn't mix up
continuation lines with lines that just didn't have any loglevel at all.
Then, in 2012, the kernel log buffer was changed to be a "record" based
log, where each line was a record that has a loglevel and a timestamp.
You can see the beginning of that conversion in commits
e11fea92e1 ("kmsg: export printk records to the /dev/kmsg interface")
7ff9554bb5 ("printk: convert byte-buffer to variable-length record buffer")
with a number of follow-up commits to fix some painful fallout from that
conversion. Over all, it took a couple of months to sort out most of
it. But the upside was that you could have concurrent readers (and
writers) of the kernel log and not have lines with mixed output in them.
And one particular pain-point for the record-based kernel logging was
exactly the fragmentary lines that are generated in smaller chunks. In
order to still log them as one recrod, the continuation lines need to be
attached to the previous record properly.
However the explicit continuation record marker that is actually useful
for this exact case was actually removed in aroundm the same time by commit
61e99ab8e3 ("printk: remove the now unnecessary "C" annotation for KERN_CONT")
due to the incorrect belief that KERN_CONT wasn't meaningful. The
ambiguity between "is this a continuation line" or "is this a plain
printk with no log level information" was reintroduced, and in fact
became an even bigger pain point because there was now the whole
record-level merging of kernel messages going on.
This patch reinstates the KERN_CONT as a real non-empty string marker,
so that the ambiguity is fixed once again.
But it's not a plain revert of that original removal: in the four years
since we made KERN_CONT an empty string again, not only has the format
of the log level markers changed, we've also had some usage changes in
this area.
For example, some ACPI code seems to use KERN_CONT _together_ with a log
level, and now uses both the KERN_CONT marker and (for example) a
KERN_INFO marker to show that it's an informational continuation of a
line.
Which is actually not a bad idea - if the continuation line cannot be
attached to its predecessor, without the log level information we don't
know what log level to assign to it (and we traditionally just assigned
it the default loglevel). So having both a log level and the KERN_CONT
marker is not necessarily a bad idea, but it does mean that we need to
actually iterate over potentially multiple markers, rather than just a
single one.
Also, since KERN_CONT was still conceptually needed, and encouraged, but
didn't actually _do_ anything, we've also had the reverse problem:
rather than having too many annotations it has too few, and there is bit
rot with code that no longer marks the continuation lines with the
KERN_CONT marker.
So this patch not only re-instates the non-empty KERN_CONT marker, it
also fixes up the cases of bit-rot I noticed in my own logs.
There are probably other cases where KERN_CONT will be needed to be
added, either because it is new code that never dealt with the need for
KERN_CONT, or old code that has bitrotted without anybody noticing.
That said, we should strive to avoid the need for KERN_CONT. It does
result in real problems for logging, and should generally not be seen as
a good feature. If we some day can get rid of the feature entirely,
because nobody does any fragmented printk calls, that would be lovely.
But until that point, let's at mark the code that relies on the hacky
multi-fragment kernel printk's. Not only does it avoid the ambiguity,
it also annotates code as "maybe this would be good to fix some day".
(That said, particularly during single-threaded bootup, the downsides of
KERN_CONT are very limited. Things get much hairier when you have
multiple threads going on and user level reading and writing logs too).
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
- fsnotify updates
- ocfs2 updates
- all of MM
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (127 commits)
console: don't prefer first registered if DT specifies stdout-path
cred: simpler, 1D supplementary groups
CREDITS: update Pavel's information, add GPG key, remove snail mail address
mailmap: add Johan Hovold
.gitattributes: set git diff driver for C source code files
uprobes: remove function declarations from arch/{mips,s390}
spelling.txt: "modeled" is spelt correctly
nmi_backtrace: generate one-line reports for idle cpus
arch/tile: adopt the new nmi_backtrace framework
nmi_backtrace: do a local dump_stack() instead of a self-NMI
nmi_backtrace: add more trigger_*_cpu_backtrace() methods
min/max: remove sparse warnings when they're nested
Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt: add more description for maps/smaps
mm, proc: fix region lost in /proc/self/smaps
proc: fix timerslack_ns CAP_SYS_NICE check when adjusting self
proc: add LSM hook checks to /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns
proc: relax /proc/<tid>/timerslack_ns capability requirements
meminfo: break apart a very long seq_printf with #ifdefs
seq/proc: modify seq_put_decimal_[u]ll to take a const char *, not char
proc: faster /proc/*/status
...
If a device tree specifies a preferred device for kernel console output
via the stdout-path or linux,stdout-path chosen node properties or the
stdout alias then the kernel ought to honor it & output the kernel
console to that device. As it stands, this isn't the case. Whilst we
parse the stdout-path properties & set an of_stdout variable from
of_alias_scan(), and use that from of_console_check() to determine
whether to add a console device as a preferred console whilst
registering it, we also prefer the first registered console if no other
has been selected at the time of its registration.
This means that if a console other than the one the device tree selects
via stdout-path is registered first, we will switch to using it & when
the stdout-path console is later registered the call to
add_preferred_console() via of_console_check() is too late to do
anything useful. In practice this seems to mean that we switch to the
dummy console device fairly early & see no further console output:
Console: colour dummy device 80x25
console [tty0] enabled
bootconsole [ns16550a0] disabled
Fix this by not automatically preferring the first registered console if
one is specified by the device tree. This allows consoles to be
registered but not enabled, and once the driver for the console selected
by stdout-path calls of_console_check() the driver will be added to the
list of preferred consoles before any other console has been enabled.
When that console is then registered via register_console() it will be
enabled as expected.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160809151937.26118-1-paul.burton@imgtec.com
Signed-off-by: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.cz>
Cc: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch>
Cc: Ivan Delalande <colona@arista.com>
Cc: Thierry Reding <treding@nvidia.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Frank Rowand <frowand.list@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Current supplementary groups code can massively overallocate memory and
is implemented in a way so that access to individual gid is done via 2D
array.
If number of gids is <= 32, memory allocation is more or less tolerable
(140/148 bytes). But if it is not, code allocates full page (!)
regardless and, what's even more fun, doesn't reuse small 32-entry
array.
2D array means dependent shifts, loads and LEAs without possibility to
optimize them (gid is never known at compile time).
All of the above is unnecessary. Switch to the usual
trailing-zero-len-array scheme. Memory is allocated with
kmalloc/vmalloc() and only as much as needed. Accesses become simpler
(LEA 8(gi,idx,4) or even without displacement).
Maximum number of gids is 65536 which translates to 256KB+8 bytes. I
think kernel can handle such allocation.
On my usual desktop system with whole 9 (nine) aux groups, struct
group_info shrinks from 148 bytes to 44 bytes, yay!
Nice side effects:
- "gi->gid[i]" is shorter than "GROUP_AT(gi, i)", less typing,
- fix little mess in net/ipv4/ping.c
should have been using GROUP_AT macro but this point becomes moot,
- aux group allocation is persistent and should be accounted as such.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160817201927.GA2096@p183.telecom.by
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Vasily Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When doing an nmi backtrace of many cores, most of which are idle, the
output is a little overwhelming and very uninformative. Suppress
messages for cpus that are idling when they are interrupted and just
emit one line, "NMI backtrace for N skipped: idling at pc 0xNNN".
We do this by grouping all the cpuidle code together into a new
.cpuidle.text section, and then checking the address of the interrupted
PC to see if it lies within that section.
This commit suitably tags x86 and tile idle routines, and only adds in
the minimal framework for other architectures.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472487169-14923-5-git-send-email-cmetcalf@mellanox.com
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Daniel Thompson <daniel.thompson@linaro.org> [arm]
Tested-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The global zero page is used to satisfy an anonymous read fault. If
THP(Transparent HugePage) is enabled then the global huge zero page is
used. The global huge zero page uses an atomic counter for reference
counting and is allocated/freed dynamically according to its counter
value.
CPU time spent on that counter will greatly increase if there are a lot
of processes doing anonymous read faults. This patch proposes a way to
reduce the access to the global counter so that the CPU load can be
reduced accordingly.
To do this, a new flag of the mm_struct is introduced:
MMF_USED_HUGE_ZERO_PAGE. With this flag, the process only need to touch
the global counter in two cases:
1 The first time it uses the global huge zero page;
2 The time when mm_user of its mm_struct reaches zero.
Note that right now, the huge zero page is eligible to be freed as soon
as its last use goes away. With this patch, the page will not be
eligible to be freed until the exit of the last process from which it
was ever used.
And with the use of mm_user, the kthread is not eligible to use huge
zero page either. Since no kthread is using huge zero page today, there
is no difference after applying this patch. But if that is not desired,
I can change it to when mm_count reaches zero.
Case used for test on Haswell EP:
usemem -n 72 --readonly -j 0x200000 100G
Which spawns 72 processes and each will mmap 100G anonymous space and
then do read only access to that space sequentially with a step of 2MB.
CPU cycles from perf report for base commit:
54.03% usemem [kernel.kallsyms] [k] get_huge_zero_page
CPU cycles from perf report for this commit:
0.11% usemem [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mm_get_huge_zero_page
Performance(throughput) of the workload for base commit: 1784430792
Performance(throughput) of the workload for this commit: 4726928591
164% increase.
Runtime of the workload for base commit: 707592 us
Runtime of the workload for this commit: 303970 us
50% drop.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/fe51a88f-446a-4622-1363-ad1282d71385@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are no users of exit_oom_victim on !current task anymore so enforce
the API to always work on the current.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-8-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 7407054209 ("oom, suspend: fix oom_reaper vs.
oom_killer_disable race") has workaround an existing race between
oom_killer_disable and oom_reaper by adding another round of
try_to_freeze_tasks after the oom killer was disabled. This was the
easiest thing to do for a late 4.7 fix. Let's fix it properly now.
After "oom: keep mm of the killed task available" we no longer have to
call exit_oom_victim from the oom reaper because we have stable mm
available and hide the oom_reaped mm by MMF_OOM_SKIP flag. So let's
remove exit_oom_victim and the race described in the above commit
doesn't exist anymore if.
Unfortunately this alone is not sufficient for the oom_killer_disable
usecase because now we do not have any reliable way to reach
exit_oom_victim (the victim might get stuck on a way to exit for an
unbounded amount of time). OOM killer can cope with that by checking mm
flags and move on to another victim but we cannot do the same for
oom_killer_disable as we would lose the guarantee of no further
interference of the victim with the rest of the system. What we can do
instead is to cap the maximum time the oom_killer_disable waits for
victims. The only current user of this function (pm suspend) already
has a concept of timeout for back off so we can reuse the same value
there.
Let's drop set_freezable for the oom_reaper kthread because it is no
longer needed as the reaper doesn't wake or thaw any processes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-7-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After "oom: keep mm of the killed task available" we can safely detect
an oom victim by checking task->signal->oom_mm so we do not need the
signal_struct counter anymore so let's get rid of it.
This alone wouldn't be sufficient for nommu archs because
exit_oom_victim doesn't hide the process from the oom killer anymore.
We can, however, mark the mm with a MMF flag in __mmput. We can reuse
MMF_OOM_REAPED and rename it to a more generic MMF_OOM_SKIP.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-6-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Lockdep complains that __mmdrop is not safe from the softirq context:
=================================
[ INFO: inconsistent lock state ]
4.6.0-oomfortification2-00011-geeb3eadeab96-dirty #949 Tainted: G W
---------------------------------
inconsistent {SOFTIRQ-ON-W} -> {IN-SOFTIRQ-W} usage.
swapper/1/0 [HC0[0]:SC1[1]:HE1:SE0] takes:
(pgd_lock){+.?...}, at: pgd_free+0x19/0x6b
{SOFTIRQ-ON-W} state was registered at:
__lock_acquire+0xa06/0x196e
lock_acquire+0x139/0x1e1
_raw_spin_lock+0x32/0x41
__change_page_attr_set_clr+0x2a5/0xacd
change_page_attr_set_clr+0x16f/0x32c
set_memory_nx+0x37/0x3a
free_init_pages+0x9e/0xc7
alternative_instructions+0xa2/0xb3
check_bugs+0xe/0x2d
start_kernel+0x3ce/0x3ea
x86_64_start_reservations+0x2a/0x2c
x86_64_start_kernel+0x17a/0x18d
irq event stamp: 105916
hardirqs last enabled at (105916): free_hot_cold_page+0x37e/0x390
hardirqs last disabled at (105915): free_hot_cold_page+0x2c1/0x390
softirqs last enabled at (105878): _local_bh_enable+0x42/0x44
softirqs last disabled at (105879): irq_exit+0x6f/0xd1
other info that might help us debug this:
Possible unsafe locking scenario:
CPU0
----
lock(pgd_lock);
<Interrupt>
lock(pgd_lock);
*** DEADLOCK ***
1 lock held by swapper/1/0:
#0: (rcu_callback){......}, at: rcu_process_callbacks+0x390/0x800
stack backtrace:
CPU: 1 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/1 Tainted: G W 4.6.0-oomfortification2-00011-geeb3eadeab96-dirty #949
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Debian-1.8.2-1 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
print_usage_bug.part.25+0x259/0x268
mark_lock+0x381/0x567
__lock_acquire+0x993/0x196e
lock_acquire+0x139/0x1e1
_raw_spin_lock+0x32/0x41
pgd_free+0x19/0x6b
__mmdrop+0x25/0xb9
__put_task_struct+0x103/0x11e
delayed_put_task_struct+0x157/0x15e
rcu_process_callbacks+0x660/0x800
__do_softirq+0x1ec/0x4d5
irq_exit+0x6f/0xd1
smp_apic_timer_interrupt+0x42/0x4d
apic_timer_interrupt+0x8e/0xa0
<EOI>
arch_cpu_idle+0xf/0x11
default_idle_call+0x32/0x34
cpu_startup_entry+0x20c/0x399
start_secondary+0xfe/0x101
More over commit a79e53d856 ("x86/mm: Fix pgd_lock deadlock") was
explicit about pgd_lock not to be called from the irq context. This
means that __mmdrop called from free_signal_struct has to be postponed
to a user context. We already have a similar mechanism for mmput_async
so we can use it here as well. This is safe because mm_count is pinned
by mm_users.
This fixes bug introduced by "oom: keep mm of the killed task available"
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-5-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
oom_reap_task has to call exit_oom_victim in order to make sure that the
oom vicim will not block the oom killer for ever. This is, however,
opening new problems (e.g oom_killer_disable exclusion - see commit
7407054209 ("oom, suspend: fix oom_reaper vs. oom_killer_disable
race")). exit_oom_victim should be only called from the victim's
context ideally.
One way to achieve this would be to rely on per mm_struct flags. We
already have MMF_OOM_REAPED to hide a task from the oom killer since
"mm, oom: hide mm which is shared with kthread or global init". The
problem is that the exit path:
do_exit
exit_mm
tsk->mm = NULL;
mmput
__mmput
exit_oom_victim
doesn't guarantee that exit_oom_victim will get called in a bounded
amount of time. At least exit_aio depends on IO which might get blocked
due to lack of memory and who knows what else is lurking there.
This patch takes a different approach. We remember tsk->mm into the
signal_struct and bind it to the signal struct life time for all oom
victims. __oom_reap_task_mm as well as oom_scan_process_thread do not
have to rely on find_lock_task_mm anymore and they will have a reliable
reference to the mm struct. As a result all the oom specific
communication inside the OOM killer can be done via tsk->signal->oom_mm.
Increasing the signal_struct for something as unlikely as the oom killer
is far from ideal but this approach will make the code much more
reasonable and long term we even might want to move task->mm into the
signal_struct anyway. In the next step we might want to make the oom
killer exclusion and access to memory reserves completely independent
which would be also nice.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472119394-11342-4-git-send-email-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull VFS splice updates from Al Viro:
"There's a bunch of branches this cycle, both mine and from other folks
and I'd rather send pull requests separately.
This one is the conversion of ->splice_read() to ITER_PIPE iov_iter
(and introduction of such). Gets rid of a lot of code in fs/splice.c
and elsewhere; there will be followups, but these are for the next
cycle... Some pipe/splice-related cleanups from Miklos in the same
branch as well"
* 'work.splice_read' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
pipe: fix comment in pipe_buf_operations
pipe: add pipe_buf_steal() helper
pipe: add pipe_buf_confirm() helper
pipe: add pipe_buf_release() helper
pipe: add pipe_buf_get() helper
relay: simplify relay_file_read()
switch default_file_splice_read() to use of pipe-backed iov_iter
switch generic_file_splice_read() to use of ->read_iter()
new iov_iter flavour: pipe-backed
fuse_dev_splice_read(): switch to add_to_pipe()
skb_splice_bits(): get rid of callback
new helper: add_to_pipe()
splice: lift pipe_lock out of splice_to_pipe()
splice: switch get_iovec_page_array() to iov_iter
splice_to_pipe(): don't open-code wakeup_pipe_readers()
consistent treatment of EFAULT on O_DIRECT read/write
Pull block layer updates from Jens Axboe:
"This is the main pull request for block layer changes in 4.9.
As mentioned at the last merge window, I've changed things up and now
do just one branch for core block layer changes, and driver changes.
This avoids dependencies between the two branches. Outside of this
main pull request, there are two topical branches coming as well.
This pull request contains:
- A set of fixes, and a conversion to blk-mq, of nbd. From Josef.
- Set of fixes and updates for lightnvm from Matias, Simon, and Arnd.
Followup dependency fix from Geert.
- General fixes from Bart, Baoyou, Guoqing, and Linus W.
- CFQ async write starvation fix from Glauber.
- Add supprot for delayed kick of the requeue list, from Mike.
- Pull out the scalable bitmap code from blk-mq-tag.c and make it
generally available under the name of sbitmap. Only blk-mq-tag uses
it for now, but the blk-mq scheduling bits will use it as well.
From Omar.
- bdev thaw error progagation from Pierre.
- Improve the blk polling statistics, and allow the user to clear
them. From Stephen.
- Set of minor cleanups from Christoph in block/blk-mq.
- Set of cleanups and optimizations from me for block/blk-mq.
- Various nvme/nvmet/nvmeof fixes from the various folks"
* 'for-4.9/block' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (54 commits)
fs/block_dev.c: return the right error in thaw_bdev()
nvme: Pass pointers, not dma addresses, to nvme_get/set_features()
nvme/scsi: Remove power management support
nvmet: Make dsm number of ranges zero based
nvmet: Use direct IO for writes
admin-cmd: Added smart-log command support.
nvme-fabrics: Add host_traddr options field to host infrastructure
nvme-fabrics: revise host transport option descriptions
nvme-fabrics: rework nvmf_get_address() for variable options
nbd: use BLK_MQ_F_BLOCKING
blkcg: Annotate blkg_hint correctly
cfq: fix starvation of asynchronous writes
blk-mq: add flag for drivers wanting blocking ->queue_rq()
blk-mq: remove non-blocking pass in blk_mq_map_request
blk-mq: get rid of manual run of queue with __blk_mq_run_hw_queue()
block: export bio_free_pages to other modules
lightnvm: propagate device_add() error code
lightnvm: expose device geometry through sysfs
lightnvm: control life of nvm_dev in driver
blk-mq: register device instead of disk
...
Pull livepatching updates from Jiri Kosina:
- fix for patching modules that contain .altinstructions or
.parainstructions sections, from Jessica Yu
- make TAINT_LIVEPATCH a per-module flag (so that it's immediately
clear which module caused the taint), from Josh Poimboeuf
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/livepatching:
livepatch/module: make TAINT_LIVEPATCH module-specific
Documentation: livepatch: add section about arch-specific code
livepatch/x86: apply alternatives and paravirt patches after relocations
livepatch: use arch_klp_init_object_loaded() to finish arch-specific tasks
Linus Torvalds