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George Spelvin 213e1238ca random32: make prandom_u32() output unpredictable
commit c51f8f88d7 upstream.

Non-cryptographic PRNGs may have great statistical properties, but
are usually trivially predictable to someone who knows the algorithm,
given a small sample of their output.  An LFSR like prandom_u32() is
particularly simple, even if the sample is widely scattered bits.

It turns out the network stack uses prandom_u32() for some things like
random port numbers which it would prefer are *not* trivially predictable.
Predictability led to a practical DNS spoofing attack.  Oops.

This patch replaces the LFSR with a homebrew cryptographic PRNG based
on the SipHash round function, which is in turn seeded with 128 bits
of strong random key.  (The authors of SipHash have *not* been consulted
about this abuse of their algorithm.)  Speed is prioritized over security;
attacks are rare, while performance is always wanted.

Replacing all callers of prandom_u32() is the quick fix.
Whether to reinstate a weaker PRNG for uses which can tolerate it
is an open question.

Commit f227e3ec3b ("random32: update the net random state on interrupt
and activity") was an earlier attempt at a solution.  This patch replaces
it.

Reported-by: Amit Klein <aksecurity@gmail.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: "Jason A. Donenfeld" <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: tytso@mit.edu
Cc: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de>
Cc: Marc Plumb <lkml.mplumb@gmail.com>
Fixes: f227e3ec3b ("random32: update the net random state on interrupt and activity")
Signed-off-by: George Spelvin <lkml@sdf.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20200808152628.GA27941@SDF.ORG/
[ willy: partial reversal of f227e3ec3b5c; moved SIPROUND definitions
  to prandom.h for later use; merged George's prandom_seed() proposal;
  inlined siprand_u32(); replaced the net_rand_state[] array with 4
  members to fix a build issue; cosmetic cleanups to make checkpatch
  happy; fixed RANDOM32_SELFTEST build ]
Signed-off-by: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
[wt: backported to 5.4 -- no tracepoint there]
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2020-11-18 19:20:20 +01:00
Documentation can: j1939: swap addr and pgn in the send example 2020-11-18 19:20:19 +01:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Rename other to deprecated 2019-05-03 06:34:32 -06:00
arch powerpc/eeh_cache: Fix a possible debugfs deadlock 2020-11-18 19:20:18 +01:00
block blk-cgroup: Pre-allocate tree node on blkg_conf_prep 2020-11-10 12:37:30 +01:00
certs PKCS#7: Refactor verify_pkcs7_signature() 2019-08-05 18:40:18 -04:00
crypto crypto: algif_skcipher - EBUSY on aio should be an error 2020-10-29 09:57:30 +01:00
drivers random32: make prandom_u32() output unpredictable 2020-11-18 19:20:20 +01:00
fs xfs: fix scrub flagging rtinherit even if there is no rt device 2020-11-18 19:20:20 +01:00
include random32: make prandom_u32() output unpredictable 2020-11-18 19:20:20 +01:00
init printk: reduce LOG_BUF_SHIFT range for H8300 2020-11-05 11:43:16 +01:00
ipc ipc/util.c: sysvipc_find_ipc() incorrectly updates position index 2020-05-20 08:20:16 +02:00
kernel random32: make prandom_u32() output unpredictable 2020-11-18 19:20:20 +01:00
lib random32: make prandom_u32() output unpredictable 2020-11-18 19:20:20 +01:00
mm mm: mempolicy: fix potential pte_unmap_unlock pte error 2020-11-10 12:37:27 +01:00
net can: j1939: j1939_sk_bind(): return failure if netdev is down 2020-11-18 19:20:19 +01:00
samples samples/bpf: Fix possible deadlock in xdpsock 2020-11-05 11:43:17 +01:00
scripts scripts/setlocalversion: make git describe output more reliable 2020-11-01 12:01:01 +01:00
security evm: Check size of security.evm before using it 2020-11-01 12:01:05 +01:00
sound ALSA: hda: prevent undefined shift in snd_hdac_ext_bus_get_link() 2020-11-18 19:20:18 +01:00
tools perf tools: Add missing swap for ino_generation 2020-11-18 19:20:18 +01:00
usr initramfs: restore default compression behavior 2020-04-08 09:08:38 +02:00
virt KVM: arm64: Force PTE mapping on fault resulting in a device mapping 2020-11-18 19:20:15 +01:00
.clang-format clang-format: Update with the latest for_each macro list 2019-08-31 10:00:51 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore Opt out of scripts/get_maintainer.pl 2019-05-16 10:53:40 -07:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set git diff driver for C source code files 2016-10-07 18:46:30 -07:00
.gitignore Modules updates for v5.4 2019-09-22 10:34:46 -07:00
.mailmap ARM: SoC fixes 2019-11-10 13:41:59 -08:00
COPYING COPYING: use the new text with points to the license files 2018-03-23 12:41:45 -06:00
CREDITS MAINTAINERS: Remove Simon as Renesas SoC Co-Maintainer 2019-10-10 08:12:51 -07:00
Kbuild kbuild: do not descend to ./Kbuild when cleaning 2019-08-21 21:03:58 +09:00
Kconfig docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst 2019-06-14 14:21:21 -06:00
MAINTAINERS Documentation/llvm: add documentation on building w/ Clang/LLVM 2020-08-26 10:40:46 +02:00
Makefile Linux 5.4.77 2020-11-10 21:13:20 +01:00
README Drop all 00-INDEX files from Documentation/ 2018-09-09 15:08:58 -06:00

README

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.