![Pali Rohár](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Bits for M, R and L buttons are already processed in alps. Other newly documented bits not yet. Signed-off-by: Pali Rohár <pali.rohar@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
391 lines
16 KiB
ReStructuredText
391 lines
16 KiB
ReStructuredText
----------------------
|
|
ALPS Touchpad Protocol
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
Introduction
|
|
------------
|
|
Currently the ALPS touchpad driver supports seven protocol versions in use by
|
|
ALPS touchpads, called versions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
|
|
|
|
Since roughly mid-2010 several new ALPS touchpads have been released and
|
|
integrated into a variety of laptops and netbooks. These new touchpads
|
|
have enough behavior differences that the alps_model_data definition
|
|
table, describing the properties of the different versions, is no longer
|
|
adequate. The design choices were to re-define the alps_model_data
|
|
table, with the risk of regression testing existing devices, or isolate
|
|
the new devices outside of the alps_model_data table. The latter design
|
|
choice was made. The new touchpad signatures are named: "Rushmore",
|
|
"Pinnacle", and "Dolphin", which you will see in the alps.c code.
|
|
For the purposes of this document, this group of ALPS touchpads will
|
|
generically be called "new ALPS touchpads".
|
|
|
|
We experimented with probing the ACPI interface _HID (Hardware ID)/_CID
|
|
(Compatibility ID) definition as a way to uniquely identify the
|
|
different ALPS variants but there did not appear to be a 1:1 mapping.
|
|
In fact, it appeared to be an m:n mapping between the _HID and actual
|
|
hardware type.
|
|
|
|
Detection
|
|
---------
|
|
|
|
All ALPS touchpads should respond to the "E6 report" command sequence:
|
|
E8-E6-E6-E6-E9. An ALPS touchpad should respond with either 00-00-0A or
|
|
00-00-64 if no buttons are pressed. The bits 0-2 of the first byte will be 1s
|
|
if some buttons are pressed.
|
|
|
|
If the E6 report is successful, the touchpad model is identified using the "E7
|
|
report" sequence: E8-E7-E7-E7-E9. The response is the model signature and is
|
|
matched against known models in the alps_model_data_array.
|
|
|
|
For older touchpads supporting protocol versions 3 and 4, the E7 report
|
|
model signature is always 73-02-64. To differentiate between these
|
|
versions, the response from the "Enter Command Mode" sequence must be
|
|
inspected as described below.
|
|
|
|
The new ALPS touchpads have an E7 signature of 73-03-50 or 73-03-0A but
|
|
seem to be better differentiated by the EC Command Mode response.
|
|
|
|
Command Mode
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
Protocol versions 3 and 4 have a command mode that is used to read and write
|
|
one-byte device registers in a 16-bit address space. The command sequence
|
|
EC-EC-EC-E9 places the device in command mode, and the device will respond
|
|
with 88-07 followed by a third byte. This third byte can be used to determine
|
|
whether the devices uses the version 3 or 4 protocol.
|
|
|
|
To exit command mode, PSMOUSE_CMD_SETSTREAM (EA) is sent to the touchpad.
|
|
|
|
While in command mode, register addresses can be set by first sending a
|
|
specific command, either EC for v3 devices or F5 for v4 devices. Then the
|
|
address is sent one nibble at a time, where each nibble is encoded as a
|
|
command with optional data. This encoding differs slightly between the v3 and
|
|
v4 protocols.
|
|
|
|
Once an address has been set, the addressed register can be read by sending
|
|
PSMOUSE_CMD_GETINFO (E9). The first two bytes of the response contains the
|
|
address of the register being read, and the third contains the value of the
|
|
register. Registers are written by writing the value one nibble at a time
|
|
using the same encoding used for addresses.
|
|
|
|
For the new ALPS touchpads, the EC command is used to enter command
|
|
mode. The response in the new ALPS touchpads is significantly different,
|
|
and more important in determining the behavior. This code has been
|
|
separated from the original alps_model_data table and put in the
|
|
alps_identify function. For example, there seem to be two hardware init
|
|
sequences for the "Dolphin" touchpads as determined by the second byte
|
|
of the EC response.
|
|
|
|
Packet Format
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
In the following tables, the following notation is used::
|
|
|
|
CAPITALS = stick, miniscules = touchpad
|
|
|
|
?'s can have different meanings on different models, such as wheel rotation,
|
|
extra buttons, stick buttons on a dualpoint, etc.
|
|
|
|
PS/2 packet format
|
|
------------------
|
|
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 0 0 YSGN XSGN 1 M R L
|
|
byte 1: X7 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0
|
|
byte 2: Y7 Y6 Y5 Y4 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
|
|
|
|
Note that the device never signals overflow condition.
|
|
|
|
For protocol version 2 devices when the trackpoint is used, and no fingers
|
|
are on the touchpad, the M R L bits signal the combined status of both the
|
|
pointingstick and touchpad buttons.
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 1
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 0 0 0 1 x9 x8 x7
|
|
byte 1: 0 x6 x5 x4 x3 x2 x1 x0
|
|
byte 2: 0 ? ? l r ? fin ges
|
|
byte 3: 0 ? ? ? ? y9 y8 y7
|
|
byte 4: 0 y6 y5 y4 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 5: 0 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 2
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 ? ? ? 1 PSM PSR PSL
|
|
byte 1: 0 x6 x5 x4 x3 x2 x1 x0
|
|
byte 2: 0 x10 x9 x8 x7 ? fin ges
|
|
byte 3: 0 y9 y8 y7 1 M R L
|
|
byte 4: 0 y6 y5 y4 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 5: 0 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
|
|
Protocol Version 2 DualPoint devices send standard PS/2 mouse packets for
|
|
the DualPoint Stick. The M, R and L bits signal the combined status of both
|
|
the pointingstick and touchpad buttons, except for Dell dualpoint devices
|
|
where the pointingstick buttons get reported separately in the PSM, PSR
|
|
and PSL bits.
|
|
|
|
Dualpoint device -- interleaved packet format
|
|
---------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 1: 0 x6 x5 x4 x3 x2 x1 x0
|
|
byte 2: 0 x10 x9 x8 x7 0 fin ges
|
|
byte 3: 0 0 YSGN XSGN 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 4: X7 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0
|
|
byte 5: Y7 Y6 Y5 Y4 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
|
|
byte 6: 0 y9 y8 y7 1 m r l
|
|
byte 7: 0 y6 y5 y4 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 8: 0 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
|
|
Devices which use the interleaving format normally send standard PS/2 mouse
|
|
packets for the DualPoint Stick + ALPS Absolute Mode packets for the
|
|
touchpad, switching to the interleaved packet format when both the stick and
|
|
the touchpad are used at the same time.
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 3
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
ALPS protocol version 3 has three different packet formats. The first two are
|
|
associated with touchpad events, and the third is associated with trackstick
|
|
events.
|
|
|
|
The first type is the touchpad position packet::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 ? x1 x0 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 1: 0 x10 x9 x8 x7 x6 x5 x4
|
|
byte 2: 0 y10 y9 y8 y7 y6 y5 y4
|
|
byte 3: 0 M R L 1 m r l
|
|
byte 4: 0 mt x3 x2 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 5: 0 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
|
|
Note that for some devices the trackstick buttons are reported in this packet,
|
|
and on others it is reported in the trackstick packets.
|
|
|
|
The second packet type contains bitmaps representing the x and y axes. In the
|
|
bitmaps a given bit is set if there is a finger covering that position on the
|
|
given axis. Thus the bitmap packet can be used for low-resolution multi-touch
|
|
data, although finger tracking is not possible. This packet also encodes the
|
|
number of contacts (f1 and f0 in the table below)::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 1 x1 x0 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 1: 0 x8 x7 x6 x5 x4 x3 x2
|
|
byte 2: 0 y7 y6 y5 y4 y3 y2 y1
|
|
byte 3: 0 y10 y9 y8 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 4: 0 x14 x13 x12 x11 x10 x9 y0
|
|
byte 5: 0 1 ? ? ? ? f1 f0
|
|
|
|
This packet only appears after a position packet with the mt bit set, and
|
|
usually only appears when there are two or more contacts (although
|
|
occasionally it's seen with only a single contact).
|
|
|
|
The final v3 packet type is the trackstick packet::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 1 x7 y7 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 1: 0 x6 x5 x4 x3 x2 x1 x0
|
|
byte 2: 0 y6 y5 y4 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 3: 0 1 TP SW 1 M R L
|
|
byte 4: 0 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
byte 5: 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
|
|
|
|
TP means Tap SW status when tap processing is enabled or Press status when press
|
|
processing is enabled. SW means scroll up when 4 buttons are available.
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 4
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Protocol version 4 has an 8-byte packet format::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 ? x1 x0 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 1: 0 x10 x9 x8 x7 x6 x5 x4
|
|
byte 2: 0 y10 y9 y8 y7 y6 y5 y4
|
|
byte 3: 0 1 x3 x2 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 4: 0 ? ? ? 1 ? r l
|
|
byte 5: 0 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
byte 6: bitmap data (described below)
|
|
byte 7: bitmap data (described below)
|
|
|
|
The last two bytes represent a partial bitmap packet, with 3 full packets
|
|
required to construct a complete bitmap packet. Once assembled, the 6-byte
|
|
bitmap packet has the following format::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 0 1 x7 x6 x5 x4 x3 x2
|
|
byte 1: 0 x1 x0 y4 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 2: 0 0 ? x14 x13 x12 x11 x10
|
|
byte 3: 0 x9 x8 y9 y8 y7 y6 y5
|
|
byte 4: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
|
byte 5: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 y10
|
|
|
|
There are several things worth noting here.
|
|
|
|
1) In the bitmap data, bit 6 of byte 0 serves as a sync byte to
|
|
identify the first fragment of a bitmap packet.
|
|
|
|
2) The bitmaps represent the same data as in the v3 bitmap packets, although
|
|
the packet layout is different.
|
|
|
|
3) There doesn't seem to be a count of the contact points anywhere in the v4
|
|
protocol packets. Deriving a count of contact points must be done by
|
|
analyzing the bitmaps.
|
|
|
|
4) There is a 3 to 1 ratio of position packets to bitmap packets. Therefore
|
|
MT position can only be updated for every third ST position update, and
|
|
the count of contact points can only be updated every third packet as
|
|
well.
|
|
|
|
So far no v4 devices with tracksticks have been encountered.
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 5
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
This is basically Protocol Version 3 but with different logic for packet
|
|
decode. It uses the same alps_process_touchpad_packet_v3 call with a
|
|
specialized decode_fields function pointer to correctly interpret the
|
|
packets. This appears to only be used by the Dolphin devices.
|
|
|
|
For single-touch, the 6-byte packet format is::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
|
|
byte 1: 0 x6 x5 x4 x3 x2 x1 x0
|
|
byte 2: 0 y6 y5 y4 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 3: 0 M R L 1 m r l
|
|
byte 4: y10 y9 y8 y7 x10 x9 x8 x7
|
|
byte 5: 0 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
|
|
For mt, the format is::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 1 1 n3 1 n2 n1 x24
|
|
byte 1: 1 y7 y6 y5 y4 y3 y2 y1
|
|
byte 2: ? x2 x1 y12 y11 y10 y9 y8
|
|
byte 3: 0 x23 x22 x21 x20 x19 x18 x17
|
|
byte 4: 0 x9 x8 x7 x6 x5 x4 x3
|
|
byte 5: 0 x16 x15 x14 x13 x12 x11 x10
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 6
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
For trackstick packet, the format is::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 1: 0 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0
|
|
byte 2: 0 Y6 Y5 Y4 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
|
|
byte 3: ? Y7 X7 ? ? M R L
|
|
byte 4: Z7 Z6 Z5 Z4 Z3 Z2 Z1 Z0
|
|
byte 5: 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
|
|
|
|
For touchpad packet, the format is::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
|
|
byte 1: 0 0 0 0 x3 x2 x1 x0
|
|
byte 2: 0 0 0 0 y3 y2 y1 y0
|
|
byte 3: ? x7 x6 x5 x4 ? r l
|
|
byte 4: ? y7 y6 y5 y4 ? ? ?
|
|
byte 5: z7 z6 z5 z4 z3 z2 z1 z0
|
|
|
|
(v6 touchpad does not have middle button)
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 7
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
For trackstick packet, the format is::
|
|
|
|
byte 0: 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
|
|
byte 1: 1 1 * * 1 M R L
|
|
byte 2: X7 1 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0
|
|
byte 3: Z6 1 Y6 X6 1 Y2 Y1 Y0
|
|
byte 4: Y7 0 Y5 Y4 Y3 1 1 0
|
|
byte 5: T&P 0 Z5 Z4 Z3 Z2 Z1 Z0
|
|
|
|
For touchpad packet, the format is::
|
|
|
|
packet-fmt b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
|
|
byte 0: TWO & MULTI L 1 R M 1 Y0-2 Y0-1 Y0-0
|
|
byte 0: NEW L 1 X1-5 1 1 Y0-2 Y0-1 Y0-0
|
|
byte 1: Y0-10 Y0-9 Y0-8 Y0-7 Y0-6 Y0-5 Y0-4 Y0-3
|
|
byte 2: X0-11 1 X0-10 X0-9 X0-8 X0-7 X0-6 X0-5
|
|
byte 3: X1-11 1 X0-4 X0-3 1 X0-2 X0-1 X0-0
|
|
byte 4: TWO X1-10 TWO X1-9 X1-8 X1-7 X1-6 X1-5 X1-4
|
|
byte 4: MULTI X1-10 TWO X1-9 X1-8 X1-7 X1-6 Y1-5 1
|
|
byte 4: NEW X1-10 TWO X1-9 X1-8 X1-7 X1-6 0 0
|
|
byte 5: TWO & NEW Y1-10 0 Y1-9 Y1-8 Y1-7 Y1-6 Y1-5 Y1-4
|
|
byte 5: MULTI Y1-10 0 Y1-9 Y1-8 Y1-7 Y1-6 F-1 F-0
|
|
|
|
L: Left button
|
|
R / M: Non-clickpads: Right / Middle button
|
|
Clickpads: When > 2 fingers are down, and some fingers
|
|
are in the button area, then the 2 coordinates reported
|
|
are for fingers outside the button area and these report
|
|
extra fingers being present in the right / left button
|
|
area. Note these fingers are not added to the F field!
|
|
so if a TWO packet is received and R = 1 then there are
|
|
3 fingers down, etc.
|
|
TWO: 1: Two touches present, byte 0/4/5 are in TWO fmt
|
|
0: If byte 4 bit 0 is 1, then byte 0/4/5 are in MULTI fmt
|
|
otherwise byte 0 bit 4 must be set and byte 0/4/5 are
|
|
in NEW fmt
|
|
F: Number of fingers - 3, 0 means 3 fingers, 1 means 4 ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
ALPS Absolute Mode - Protocol Version 8
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Spoken by SS4 (73 03 14) and SS5 (73 03 28) hardware.
|
|
|
|
The packet type is given by the APD field, bits 4-5 of byte 3.
|
|
|
|
Touchpad packet (APD = 0x2)::
|
|
|
|
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
|
|
byte 0: SWM SWR SWL 1 1 0 0 X7
|
|
byte 1: 0 X6 X5 X4 X3 X2 X1 X0
|
|
byte 2: 0 Y6 Y5 Y4 Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
|
|
byte 3: 0 T&P 1 0 1 0 0 Y7
|
|
byte 4: 0 Z6 Z5 Z4 Z3 Z2 Z1 Z0
|
|
byte 5: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
|
|
|
|
SWM, SWR, SWL: Middle, Right, and Left button states
|
|
|
|
Touchpad 1 Finger packet (APD = 0x0)::
|
|
|
|
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
|
|
byte 0: SWM SWR SWL 1 1 X2 X1 X0
|
|
byte 1: X9 X8 X7 1 X6 X5 X4 X3
|
|
byte 2: 0 X11 X10 LFB Y3 Y2 Y1 Y0
|
|
byte 3: Y5 Y4 0 0 1 TAPF2 TAPF1 TAPF0
|
|
byte 4: Zv7 Y11 Y10 1 Y9 Y8 Y7 Y6
|
|
byte 5: Zv6 Zv5 Zv4 0 Zv3 Zv2 Zv1 Zv0
|
|
|
|
TAPF: ???
|
|
LFB: ???
|
|
|
|
Touchpad 2 Finger packet (APD = 0x1)::
|
|
|
|
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
|
|
byte 0: SWM SWR SWL 1 1 AX6 AX5 AX4
|
|
byte 1: AX11 AX10 AX9 AX8 AX7 AZ1 AY4 AZ0
|
|
byte 2: AY11 AY10 AY9 CONT AY8 AY7 AY6 AY5
|
|
byte 3: 0 0 0 1 1 BX6 BX5 BX4
|
|
byte 4: BX11 BX10 BX9 BX8 BX7 BZ1 BY4 BZ0
|
|
byte 5: BY11 BY10 BY9 0 BY8 BY7 BY5 BY5
|
|
|
|
CONT: A 3-or-4 Finger packet is to follow
|
|
|
|
Touchpad 3-or-4 Finger packet (APD = 0x3)::
|
|
|
|
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0
|
|
byte 0: SWM SWR SWL 1 1 AX6 AX5 AX4
|
|
byte 1: AX11 AX10 AX9 AX8 AX7 AZ1 AY4 AZ0
|
|
byte 2: AY11 AY10 AY9 OVF AY8 AY7 AY6 AY5
|
|
byte 3: 0 0 1 1 1 BX6 BX5 BX4
|
|
byte 4: BX11 BX10 BX9 BX8 BX7 BZ1 BY4 BZ0
|
|
byte 5: BY11 BY10 BY9 0 BY8 BY7 BY5 BY5
|
|
|
|
OVF: 5th finger detected
|