![Linus Torvalds](/assets/img/avatar_default.png)
Here is the big USB patchset for 4.12-rc1. Lots of good stuff here, after many many many attempts, the kernel finally has a working typeC interface, many thanks to the Heikki and Guenter and others who have taken the time to get this merged. It wasn't an easy path for them at all. There's also a staging driver that uses this new api, which is why it's coming in through this tree. Along with that, there's the usual huge number of changes for gadget drivers, xhci, and other stuff. Johan also finally refactored pretty much every driver that was looking at USB endpoints to do it in a common way, which will help prevent any "badly-formed" devices from causing problems in drivers. That too wasn't a simple task. All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues. Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iG0EABECAC0WIQT0tgzFv3jCIUoxPcsxR9QN2y37KQUCWQvEIQ8cZ3JlZ0Brcm9h aC5jb20ACgkQMUfUDdst+yny4gCePCXxnrQdMWE+IMXf1H1hMubLkVkAn0ZWgQkq BspgO7ZmGb+9Fpf6YvNz =nwAu -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- Merge tag 'usb-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb Pull USB updates from Greg KH: "Here is the big USB patchset for 4.12-rc1. Lots of good stuff here, after many many many attempts, the kernel finally has a working typeC interface, many thanks to Heikki and Guenter and others who have taken the time to get this merged. It wasn't an easy path for them at all. There's also a staging driver that uses this new api, which is why it's coming in through this tree. Along with that, there's the usual huge number of changes for gadget drivers, xhci, and other stuff. Johan also finally refactored pretty much every driver that was looking at USB endpoints to do it in a common way, which will help prevent any "badly-formed" devices from causing problems in drivers. That too wasn't a simple task. All of these have been in linux-next for a while with no reported issues" * tag 'usb-4.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb: (263 commits) staging: typec: Fairchild FUSB302 Type-c chip driver staging: typec: Type-C Port Controller Interface driver (tcpci) staging: typec: USB Type-C Port Manager (tcpm) usb: host: xhci: remove #ifdef around PM functions usb: musb: don't mark of_dev_auxdata as initdata usb: misc: legousbtower: Fix buffers on stack USB: Revert "cdc-wdm: fix "out-of-sync" due to missing notifications" usb: Make sure usb/phy/of gets built-in USB: storage: e-mail update in drivers/usb/storage/unusual_devs.h usb: host: xhci: print correct command ring address usb: host: xhci: delete sp_dma_buffers for scratchpad usb: host: xhci: using correct specification chapter reference for DCBAAP xhci: switch to pci_alloc_irq_vectors usb: host: xhci-plat: set resume_quirk() for R-Car controllers usb: host: xhci-plat: add resume_quirk() usb: host: xhci-plat: enable clk in resume timing usb: host: plat: Enable xHCI plat runtime PM USB: serial: ftdi_sio: add device ID for Microsemi/Arrow SF2PLUS Dev Kit USB: serial: constify static arrays usb: fix some references for /proc/bus/usb ...
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Philips webcams (pwc driver)
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============================
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This file contains some additional information for the Philips and OEM webcams.
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E-mail: webcam@smcc.demon.nl Last updated: 2004-01-19
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Site: http://www.smcc.demon.nl/webcam/
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As of this moment, the following cameras are supported:
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* Philips PCA645
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* Philips PCA646
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* Philips PCVC675
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* Philips PCVC680
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* Philips PCVC690
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* Philips PCVC720/40
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* Philips PCVC730
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* Philips PCVC740
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* Philips PCVC750
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* Askey VC010
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* Creative Labs Webcam 5
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* Creative Labs Webcam Pro Ex
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* Logitech QuickCam 3000 Pro
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* Logitech QuickCam 4000 Pro
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* Logitech QuickCam Notebook Pro
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* Logitech QuickCam Zoom
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* Logitech QuickCam Orbit
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* Logitech QuickCam Sphere
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* Samsung MPC-C10
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* Samsung MPC-C30
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* Sotec Afina Eye
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* AME CU-001
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* Visionite VCS-UM100
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* Visionite VCS-UC300
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The main webpage for the Philips driver is at the address above. It contains
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a lot of extra information, a FAQ, and the binary plugin 'PWCX'. This plugin
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contains decompression routines that allow you to use higher image sizes and
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framerates; in addition the webcam uses less bandwidth on the USB bus (handy
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if you want to run more than 1 camera simultaneously). These routines fall
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under a NDA, and may therefore not be distributed as source; however, its use
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is completely optional.
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You can build this code either into your kernel, or as a module. I recommend
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the latter, since it makes troubleshooting a lot easier. The built-in
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microphone is supported through the USB Audio class.
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When you load the module you can set some default settings for the
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camera; some programs depend on a particular image-size or -format and
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don't know how to set it properly in the driver. The options are:
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size
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Can be one of 'sqcif', 'qsif', 'qcif', 'sif', 'cif' or
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'vga', for an image size of resp. 128x96, 160x120, 176x144,
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320x240, 352x288 and 640x480 (of course, only for those cameras that
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support these resolutions).
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fps
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Specifies the desired framerate. Is an integer in the range of 4-30.
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fbufs
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This parameter specifies the number of internal buffers to use for storing
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frames from the cam. This will help if the process that reads images from
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the cam is a bit slow or momentarily busy. However, on slow machines it
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only introduces lag, so choose carefully. The default is 3, which is
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reasonable. You can set it between 2 and 5.
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mbufs
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This is an integer between 1 and 10. It will tell the module the number of
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buffers to reserve for mmap(), VIDIOCCGMBUF, VIDIOCMCAPTURE and friends.
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The default is 2, which is adequate for most applications (double
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buffering).
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Should you experience a lot of 'Dumping frame...' messages during
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grabbing with a tool that uses mmap(), you might want to increase if.
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However, it doesn't really buffer images, it just gives you a bit more
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slack when your program is behind. But you need a multi-threaded or
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forked program to really take advantage of these buffers.
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The absolute maximum is 10, but don't set it too high! Every buffer takes
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up 460 KB of RAM, so unless you have a lot of memory setting this to
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something more than 4 is an absolute waste. This memory is only
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allocated during open(), so nothing is wasted when the camera is not in
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use.
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power_save
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When power_save is enabled (set to 1), the module will try to shut down
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the cam on close() and re-activate on open(). This will save power and
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turn off the LED. Not all cameras support this though (the 645 and 646
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don't have power saving at all), and some models don't work either (they
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will shut down, but never wake up). Consider this experimental. By
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default this option is disabled.
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compression (only useful with the plugin)
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With this option you can control the compression factor that the camera
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uses to squeeze the image through the USB bus. You can set the
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parameter between 0 and 3::
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0 = prefer uncompressed images; if the requested mode is not available
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in an uncompressed format, the driver will silently switch to low
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compression.
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1 = low compression.
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2 = medium compression.
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3 = high compression.
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High compression takes less bandwidth of course, but it could also
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introduce some unwanted artefacts. The default is 2, medium compression.
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See the FAQ on the website for an overview of which modes require
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compression.
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The compression parameter does not apply to the 645 and 646 cameras
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and OEM models derived from those (only a few). Most cams honour this
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parameter.
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leds
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This settings takes 2 integers, that define the on/off time for the LED
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(in milliseconds). One of the interesting things that you can do with
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this is let the LED blink while the camera is in use. This::
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leds=500,500
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will blink the LED once every second. But with::
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leds=0,0
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the LED never goes on, making it suitable for silent surveillance.
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By default the camera's LED is on solid while in use, and turned off
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when the camera is not used anymore.
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This parameter works only with the ToUCam range of cameras (720, 730, 740,
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750) and OEMs. For other cameras this command is silently ignored, and
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the LED cannot be controlled.
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Finally: this parameters does not take effect UNTIL the first time you
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open the camera device. Until then, the LED remains on.
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dev_hint
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A long standing problem with USB devices is their dynamic nature: you
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never know what device a camera gets assigned; it depends on module load
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order, the hub configuration, the order in which devices are plugged in,
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and the phase of the moon (i.e. it can be random). With this option you
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can give the driver a hint as to what video device node (/dev/videoX) it
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should use with a specific camera. This is also handy if you have two
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cameras of the same model.
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A camera is specified by its type (the number from the camera model,
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like PCA645, PCVC750VC, etc) and optionally the serial number (visible
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in /sys/kernel/debug/usb/devices). A hint consists of a string with the
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following format::
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[type[.serialnumber]:]node
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The square brackets mean that both the type and the serialnumber are
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optional, but a serialnumber cannot be specified without a type (which
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would be rather pointless). The serialnumber is separated from the type
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by a '.'; the node number by a ':'.
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This somewhat cryptic syntax is best explained by a few examples::
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dev_hint=3,5 The first detected cam gets assigned
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/dev/video3, the second /dev/video5. Any
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other cameras will get the first free
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available slot (see below).
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dev_hint=645:1,680:2 The PCA645 camera will get /dev/video1,
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and a PCVC680 /dev/video2.
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dev_hint=645.0123:3,645.4567:0 The PCA645 camera with serialnumber
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0123 goes to /dev/video3, the same
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camera model with the 4567 serial
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gets /dev/video0.
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dev_hint=750:1,4,5,6 The PCVC750 camera will get /dev/video1, the
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next 3 Philips cams will use /dev/video4
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through /dev/video6.
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Some points worth knowing:
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- Serialnumbers are case sensitive and must be written full, including
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leading zeroes (it's treated as a string).
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- If a device node is already occupied, registration will fail and
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the webcam is not available.
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- You can have up to 64 video devices; be sure to make enough device
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nodes in /dev if you want to spread the numbers.
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After /dev/video9 comes /dev/video10 (not /dev/videoA).
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- If a camera does not match any dev_hint, it will simply get assigned
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the first available device node, just as it used to be.
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trace
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In order to better detect problems, it is now possible to turn on a
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'trace' of some of the calls the module makes; it logs all items in your
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kernel log at debug level.
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The trace variable is a bitmask; each bit represents a certain feature.
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If you want to trace something, look up the bit value(s) in the table
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below, add the values together and supply that to the trace variable.
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====== ======= ================================================ =======
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Value Value Description Default
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(dec) (hex)
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====== ======= ================================================ =======
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1 0x1 Module initialization; this will log messages On
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while loading and unloading the module
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2 0x2 probe() and disconnect() traces On
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4 0x4 Trace open() and close() calls Off
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8 0x8 read(), mmap() and associated ioctl() calls Off
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16 0x10 Memory allocation of buffers, etc. Off
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32 0x20 Showing underflow, overflow and Dumping frame On
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messages
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64 0x40 Show viewport and image sizes Off
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128 0x80 PWCX debugging Off
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====== ======= ================================================ =======
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For example, to trace the open() & read() functions, sum 8 + 4 = 12,
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so you would supply trace=12 during insmod or modprobe. If
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you want to turn the initialization and probing tracing off, set trace=0.
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The default value for trace is 35 (0x23).
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Example::
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# modprobe pwc size=cif fps=15 power_save=1
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The fbufs, mbufs and trace parameters are global and apply to all connected
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cameras. Each camera has its own set of buffers.
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size and fps only specify defaults when you open() the device; this is to
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accommodate some tools that don't set the size. You can change these
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settings after open() with the Video4Linux ioctl() calls. The default of
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defaults is QCIF size at 10 fps.
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The compression parameter is semiglobal; it sets the initial compression
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preference for all camera's, but this parameter can be set per camera with
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the VIDIOCPWCSCQUAL ioctl() call.
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All parameters are optional.
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