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Nick Desaulniers f05f667f87 lib/string.c: implement stpcpy
commit 1e1b6d63d6 upstream.

LLVM implemented a recent "libcall optimization" that lowers calls to
`sprintf(dest, "%s", str)` where the return value is used to
`stpcpy(dest, str) - dest`.

This generally avoids the machinery involved in parsing format strings.
`stpcpy` is just like `strcpy` except it returns the pointer to the new
tail of `dest`.  This optimization was introduced into clang-12.

Implement this so that we don't observe linkage failures due to missing
symbol definitions for `stpcpy`.

Similar to last year's fire drill with: commit 5f074f3e19
("lib/string.c: implement a basic bcmp")

The kernel is somewhere between a "freestanding" environment (no full
libc) and "hosted" environment (many symbols from libc exist with the
same type, function signature, and semantics).

As Peter Anvin notes, there's not really a great way to inform the
compiler that you're targeting a freestanding environment but would like
to opt-in to some libcall optimizations (see pr/47280 below), rather
than opt-out.

Arvind notes, -fno-builtin-* behaves slightly differently between GCC
and Clang, and Clang is missing many __builtin_* definitions, which I
consider a bug in Clang and am working on fixing.

Masahiro summarizes the subtle distinction between compilers justly:
  To prevent transformation from foo() into bar(), there are two ways in
  Clang to do that; -fno-builtin-foo, and -fno-builtin-bar.  There is
  only one in GCC; -fno-buitin-foo.

(Any difference in that behavior in Clang is likely a bug from a missing
__builtin_* definition.)

Masahiro also notes:
  We want to disable optimization from foo() to bar(),
  but we may still benefit from the optimization from
  foo() into something else. If GCC implements the same transform, we
  would run into a problem because it is not -fno-builtin-bar, but
  -fno-builtin-foo that disables that optimization.

  In this regard, -fno-builtin-foo would be more future-proof than
  -fno-built-bar, but -fno-builtin-foo is still potentially overkill. We
  may want to prevent calls from foo() being optimized into calls to
  bar(), but we still may want other optimization on calls to foo().

It seems that compilers today don't quite provide the fine grain control
over which libcall optimizations pseudo-freestanding environments would
prefer.

Finally, Kees notes that this interface is unsafe, so we should not
encourage its use.  As such, I've removed the declaration from any
header, but it still needs to be exported to avoid linkage errors in
modules.

Reported-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Suggested-by: Andy Lavr <andy.lavr@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Suggested-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Suggested-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Suggested-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Suggested-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <natechancellor@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200914161643.938408-1-ndesaulniers@google.com
Link: https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47162
Link: https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=47280
Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1126
Link: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/stpcpy.3.html
Link: https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/stpcpy.html
Link: https://reviews.llvm.org/D85963
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2020-10-01 13:18:23 +02:00
Documentation dt-bindings: sound: wm8994: Correct required supplies based on actual implementaion 2020-10-01 13:17:58 +02:00
LICENSES LICENSES: Rename other to deprecated 2019-05-03 06:34:32 -06:00
arch x86/ioapic: Unbreak check_timer() 2020-10-01 13:18:22 +02:00
block block: only call sched requeue_request() for scheduled requests 2020-09-23 12:40:37 +02:00
certs PKCS#7: Refactor verify_pkcs7_signature() 2019-08-05 18:40:18 -04:00
crypto crypto: af_alg - Work around empty control messages without MSG_MORE 2020-09-03 11:27:05 +02:00
drivers scsi: lpfc: Fix initial FLOGI failure due to BBSCN not supported 2020-10-01 13:18:22 +02:00
fs btrfs: qgroup: fix data leak caused by race between writeback and truncate 2020-10-01 13:18:10 +02:00
include net: qed: Disable aRFS for NPAR and 100G 2020-10-01 13:18:18 +02:00
init exec: Add exec_update_mutex to replace cred_guard_mutex 2020-10-01 13:17:47 +02:00
ipc ipc/util.c: sysvipc_find_ipc() incorrectly updates position index 2020-05-20 08:20:16 +02:00
kernel bpf: Fix a rcu warning for bpffs map pretty-print 2020-10-01 13:18:19 +02:00
lib lib/string.c: implement stpcpy 2020-10-01 13:18:23 +02:00
mm mm: validate pmd after splitting 2020-10-01 13:18:21 +02:00
net lib80211: fix unmet direct dependendices config warning when !CRYPTO 2020-10-01 13:18:20 +02:00
samples bpf: Fix fds_example SIGSEGV error 2020-08-19 08:16:03 +02:00
scripts checkpatch: fix the usage of capture group ( ... ) 2020-09-09 19:12:37 +02:00
security device_cgroup: Fix RCU list debugging warning 2020-10-01 13:18:13 +02:00
sound ALSA: hda/realtek: Enable front panel headset LED on Lenovo ThinkStation P520 2020-10-01 13:18:22 +02:00
tools objtool: Fix noreturn detection for ignored functions 2020-10-01 13:18:15 +02:00
usr initramfs: restore default compression behavior 2020-04-08 09:08:38 +02:00
virt KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Fix memory leak on the error path of vgic_add_lpi() 2020-10-01 13:17:56 +02:00
.clang-format clang-format: Update with the latest for_each macro list 2019-08-31 10:00:51 +02:00
.cocciconfig scripts: add Linux .cocciconfig for coccinelle 2016-07-22 12:13:39 +02:00
.get_maintainer.ignore Opt out of scripts/get_maintainer.pl 2019-05-16 10:53:40 -07:00
.gitattributes .gitattributes: set git diff driver for C source code files 2016-10-07 18:46:30 -07:00
.gitignore Modules updates for v5.4 2019-09-22 10:34:46 -07:00
.mailmap ARM: SoC fixes 2019-11-10 13:41:59 -08:00
COPYING COPYING: use the new text with points to the license files 2018-03-23 12:41:45 -06:00
CREDITS MAINTAINERS: Remove Simon as Renesas SoC Co-Maintainer 2019-10-10 08:12:51 -07:00
Kbuild kbuild: do not descend to ./Kbuild when cleaning 2019-08-21 21:03:58 +09:00
Kconfig docs: kbuild: convert docs to ReST and rename to *.rst 2019-06-14 14:21:21 -06:00
MAINTAINERS Documentation/llvm: add documentation on building w/ Clang/LLVM 2020-08-26 10:40:46 +02:00
Makefile Linux 5.4.68 2020-09-26 18:03:16 +02:00
README Drop all 00-INDEX files from Documentation/ 2018-09-09 15:08:58 -06:00

README

Linux kernel
============

There are several guides for kernel developers and users. These guides can
be rendered in a number of formats, like HTML and PDF. Please read
Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst first.

In order to build the documentation, use ``make htmldocs`` or
``make pdfdocs``.  The formatted documentation can also be read online at:

    https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/

There are various text files in the Documentation/ subdirectory,
several of them using the Restructured Text markup notation.

Please read the Documentation/process/changes.rst file, as it contains the
requirements for building and running the kernel, and information about
the problems which may result by upgrading your kernel.