commit 994b15b983 upstream.
The previous fix broke recovery of delegated stateids because it assumes
that if we did not mark the delegation as suspect, then the delegation has
effectively been revoked, and so it removes that delegation irrespectively
of whether or not it is valid and still in use. While this is "mostly
harmless" for ordinary I/O, we've seen pNFS fail with LAYOUTGET spinning
in an infinite loop while complaining that we're using an invalid stateid
(in this case the all-zero stateid).
What we rather want to do here is ensure that the delegation is always
correctly marked as needing testing when that is the case. So we want
to close the loophole offered by nfs4_schedule_stateid_recovery(),
which marks the state as needing to be reclaimed, but not the
delegation that may be backing it.
Fixes: 0e3d3e5df0 ("NFSv4.1 fix infinite loop on IO BAD_STATEID error")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.11+
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit bd3d16a887 ]
If the client is sending a layoutget, but the server issues a callback
to recall what it thinks may be an outstanding layout, then we may find
an uninitialised layout attached to the inode due to the layoutget.
In that case, it is appropriate to return NFS4ERR_NOMATCHING_LAYOUT
rather than NFS4ERR_DELAY, as the latter can end up deadlocking.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 32cd3ee511 ]
If there is an error during processing of a callback message, it leads
to refrence leak on the client structure and eventually an unclean
superblock.
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 72bf75cfc0 ]
Error code is set in the error handling cases but never used. Fix it.
Fixes: 937e3133cd ("NFSv4.1: Ensure we clear the SP4_MACH_CRED flags in nfs4_sp4_select_mode()")
Signed-off-by: Wei Yongjun <weiyongjun1@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 8618289c46 upstream.
We must drop the lock before we can sleep in referring_call_exists().
Reported-by: Jia-Ju Bai <baijiaju1990@gmail.com>
Fixes: 045d2a6d07 ("NFSv4.1: Delay callback processing...")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.9+
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit d0fbb1d8a1 upstream.
The use of the inode->i_lock was converted to a mutex, but we forgot
to remove the old inode unlock/lock() pair that allowed the layout
segment to be put inside the loop.
Reported-by: Jia-Ju Bai <baijiaju1990@gmail.com>
Fixes: e824f99ada ("NFSv4: Use a mutex to protect the per-inode commit...")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.14+
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 0f90be132c upstream.
After a live data migration event at the NFS server, the client may send
I/O requests to the wrong server, causing a live hang due to repeated
recovery events. On the wire, this will appear as an I/O request failing
with NFS4ERR_BADSESSION, followed by successful CREATE_SESSION, repeatedly.
NFS4ERR_BADSSESSION is returned because the session ID being used was
issued by the other server and is not valid at the old server.
The failure is caused by async worker threads having cached the transport
(xprt) in the rpc_task structure. After the migration recovery completes,
the task is redispatched and the task resends the request to the wrong
server based on the old value still present in tk_xprt.
The solution is to recompute the tk_xprt field of the rpc_task structure
so that the request goes to the correct server.
Signed-off-by: Bill Baker <bill.baker@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Helen Chao <helen.chao@oracle.com>
Fixes: fb43d17210 ("SUNRPC: Use the multipath iterator to assign a ...")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.9+
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 0914bb965e upstream.
"dev->nr_children" is the number of children which were parsed
successfully in bl_parse_stripe(). It could be all of them and then, in
that case, it is equal to v->stripe.volumes_count. Either way, the >
should be >= so that we don't go beyond the end of what we're supposed
to.
Fixes: 5c83746a0c ("pnfs/blocklayout: in-kernel GETDEVICEINFO XDR parsing")
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 3.17+
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 2dbf8dffbf ]
Right now, we can call nfs_commit_inode() while holding the session slot,
which could lead to NFSv4 deadlocks. Ensure we only keep the slot if
the server returned a layout that we have to process.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit ae55e59da0 ]
If the server recalls the layout that was just handed out, we risk hitting
a race as described in RFC5661 Section 2.10.6.3 unless we ensure that we
release the sequence slot after processing the LAYOUTGET operation that
was sent as part of the OPEN compound.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit f9312a5410 ]
If the server returns NFS4ERR_SEQ_FALSE_RETRY or NFS4ERR_RETRY_UNCACHED_REP,
then it thinks we're trying to replay an existing request. If so, then
let's just bump the sequence ID and retry the operation.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit 93b7f7ad20 ]
Currently, when IO to DS fails, client returns the layout and
retries against the MDS. However, then on umounting (inode eviction)
it returns the layout again.
This is because pnfs_return_layout() was changed in
commit d78471d32b ("pnfs/blocklayout: set PNFS_LAYOUTRETURN_ON_ERROR")
to always set NFS_LAYOUT_RETURN_REQUESTED so even if we returned
the layout, it will be returned again. Instead, let's also check
if we have already marked the layout invalid.
Signed-off-by: Olga Kornievskaia <kolga@netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 995891006c upstream.
We want to compare the slot_id to the highest slot number advertised by the
server.
Fixes: 3be0f80b5f ("NFSv4.1: Fix up replays of interrupted requests")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.15+
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit fc40724fc6 upstream.
The correct behaviour for NFSv4 sequence IDs is to wrap around
to the value 0 after 0xffffffff.
See https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5661#section-2.10.6.1
Fixes: 5f83d86cf5 ("NFSv4.x: Fix wraparound issues when validing...")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.6+
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit d68894800e upstream.
In nfs_idmap_read_and_verify_message there is an incorrect sprintf '%d'
that converts the __u32 'im_id' from struct idmap_msg to 'id_str', which
is a stack char array variable of length NFS_UINT_MAXLEN == 11.
If a uid or gid value is > 2147483647 = 0x7fffffff, the conversion
overflows into a negative value, for example:
crash> p (unsigned) (0x80000000)
$1 = 2147483648
crash> p (signed) (0x80000000)
$2 = -2147483648
The '-' sign is written to the buffer and this causes a 1 byte overflow
when the NULL byte is written, which corrupts kernel stack memory. If
CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG is set we see a stack-protector panic:
[11558053.616565] Kernel panic - not syncing: stack-protector: Kernel stack is corrupted in: ffffffffa05b8a8c
[11558053.639063] CPU: 6 PID: 9423 Comm: rpc.idmapd Tainted: G W ------------ T 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1
[11558053.641990] Hardware name: Red Hat OpenStack Compute, BIOS 1.10.2-3.el7_4.1 04/01/2014
[11558053.644462] ffffffff818c7bc0 00000000b1f3aec1 ffff880de0f9bd48 ffffffff81685eac
[11558053.646430] ffff880de0f9bdc8 ffffffff8167f2b3 ffffffff00000010 ffff880de0f9bdd8
[11558053.648313] ffff880de0f9bd78 00000000b1f3aec1 ffffffff811dcb03 ffffffffa05b8a8c
[11558053.650107] Call Trace:
[11558053.651347] [<ffffffff81685eac>] dump_stack+0x19/0x1b
[11558053.653013] [<ffffffff8167f2b3>] panic+0xe3/0x1f2
[11558053.666240] [<ffffffff811dcb03>] ? kfree+0x103/0x140
[11558053.682589] [<ffffffffa05b8a8c>] ? idmap_pipe_downcall+0x1cc/0x1e0 [nfsv4]
[11558053.689710] [<ffffffff810855db>] __stack_chk_fail+0x1b/0x30
[11558053.691619] [<ffffffffa05b8a8c>] idmap_pipe_downcall+0x1cc/0x1e0 [nfsv4]
[11558053.693867] [<ffffffffa00209d6>] rpc_pipe_write+0x56/0x70 [sunrpc]
[11558053.695763] [<ffffffff811fe12d>] vfs_write+0xbd/0x1e0
[11558053.702236] [<ffffffff810acccc>] ? task_work_run+0xac/0xe0
[11558053.704215] [<ffffffff811fec4f>] SyS_write+0x7f/0xe0
[11558053.709674] [<ffffffff816964c9>] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Fix this by calling the internally defined nfs_map_numeric_to_string()
function which properly uses '%u' to convert this __u32. For consistency,
also replace the one other place where snprintf is called.
Signed-off-by: Dave Wysochanski <dwysocha@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Stephen Johnston <sjohnsto@redhat.com>
Fixes: cf4ab538f1 ("NFSv4: Fix the string length returned by the idmapper")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.4+
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 3be0f80b5f upstream.
If the previous request on a slot was interrupted before it was
processed by the server, then our slot sequence number may be out of whack,
and so we try the next operation using the old sequence number.
The problem with this, is that not all servers check to see that the
client is replaying the same operations as previously when they decide
to go to the replay cache, and so instead of the expected error of
NFS4ERR_SEQ_FALSE_RETRY, we get a replay of the old reply, which could
(if the operations match up) be mistaken by the client for a new reply.
To fix this, we attempt to send a COMPOUND containing only the SEQUENCE op
in order to resync our slot sequence number.
Cc: Olga Kornievskaia <olga.kornievskaia@gmail.com>
[olga.kornievskaia@gmail.com: fix an Oops]
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit ad86f605c5 ]
nfs4_update_server unconditionally releases the nfs_client for the
source server. If migration fails, this can cause the source server's
nfs_client struct to be left with a low reference count, resulting in
use-after-free. Also, adjust reference count handling for ELOOP.
NFS: state manager: migration failed on NFSv4 server nfsvmu10 with error 6
WARNING: CPU: 16 PID: 17960 at fs/nfs/client.c:281 nfs_put_client+0xfa/0x110 [nfs]()
nfs_put_client+0xfa/0x110 [nfs]
nfs4_run_state_manager+0x30/0x40 [nfsv4]
kthread+0xd8/0xf0
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 00000000000002a8
nfs4_xdr_enc_write+0x6b/0x160 [nfsv4]
rpcauth_wrap_req+0xac/0xf0 [sunrpc]
call_transmit+0x18c/0x2c0 [sunrpc]
__rpc_execute+0xa6/0x490 [sunrpc]
rpc_async_schedule+0x15/0x20 [sunrpc]
process_one_work+0x160/0x470
worker_thread+0x112/0x540
? rescuer_thread+0x3f0/0x3f0
kthread+0xd8/0xf0
This bug was introduced by 32e62b7c ("NFS: Add nfs4_update_server"),
but the fix applies cleanly to 52442f9b ("NFS4: Avoid migration loops")
Reported-by: Helen Chao <helen.chao@oracle.com>
Fixes: 52442f9b11 ("NFS4: Avoid migration loops")
Signed-off-by: Bill Baker <bill.baker@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit cbebc6ef4f ]
Since commit 57e62324e4 ("NFS: Store the legacy idmapper result in the
keyring") nfs_idmap_cache_timeout changed units from jiffies to seconds.
Unfortunately sysctl interface was not updated accordingly.
As a effect updating /proc/sys/fs/nfs/idmap_cache_timeout with some
value will incorrectly multiply this value by HZ.
Also reading /proc/sys/fs/nfs/idmap_cache_timeout will show real value
divided by HZ.
Fixes: 57e62324e4 ("NFS: Store the legacy idmapper result in the keyring")
Signed-off-by: Jan Chochol <jan@chochol.info>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit dce2630c7d ]
There are 2 comments in the NFSv4 code which suggest that
SIGLOST should possibly be sent to a process. In these
cases a lock has been lost.
The current practice is to set NFS_LOCK_LOST so that
read/write returns EIO when a lock is lost.
So change these comments to code when sets NFS_LOCK_LOST.
One case is when lock recovery after apparent server restart
fails with NFS4ERR_DENIED, NFS4ERR_RECLAIM_BAD, or
NFS4ERRO_RECLAIM_CONFLICT. The other case is when a lock
attempt as part of lease recovery fails with NFS4ERR_DENIED.
In an ideal world, these should not happen. However I have
a packet trace showing an NFSv4.1 session getting
NFS4ERR_BADSESSION after an extended network parition. The
NFSv4.1 client treats this like server reboot until/unless
it get NFS4ERR_NO_GRACE, in which case it switches over to
"nograce" recovery mode. In this network trace, the client
attempts to recover a lock and the server (incorrectly)
reports NFS4ERR_DENIED rather than NFS4ERR_NO_GRACE. This
leads to the ineffective comment and the client then
continues to write using the OPEN stateid.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 95dd77580c upstream.
On nfsv2 and nfsv3 the nfs server can export subsets of the same
filesystem and report the same filesystem identifier, so that the nfs
client can know they are the same filesystem. The subsets can be from
disjoint directory trees. The nfsv2 and nfsv3 filesystems provides no
way to find the common root of all directory trees exported form the
server with the same filesystem identifier.
The practical result is that in struct super s_root for nfs s_root is
not necessarily the root of the filesystem. The nfs mount code sets
s_root to the root of the first subset of the nfs filesystem that the
kernel mounts.
This effects the dcache invalidation code in generic_shutdown_super
currently called shrunk_dcache_for_umount and that code for years
has gone through an additional list of dentries that might be dentry
trees that need to be freed to accomodate nfs.
When I wrote path_connected I did not realize nfs was so special, and
it's hueristic for avoiding calling is_subdir can fail.
The practical case where this fails is when there is a move of a
directory from the subtree exposed by one nfs mount to the subtree
exposed by another nfs mount. This move can happen either locally or
remotely. With the remote case requiring that the move directory be cached
before the move and that after the move someone walks the path
to where the move directory now exists and in so doing causes the
already cached directory to be moved in the dcache through the magic
of d_splice_alias.
If someone whose working directory is in the move directory or a
subdirectory and now starts calling .. from the initial mount of nfs
(where s_root == mnt_root), then path_connected as a heuristic will
not bother with the is_subdir check. As s_root really is not the root
of the nfs filesystem this heuristic is wrong, and the path may
actually not be connected and path_connected can fail.
The is_subdir function might be cheap enough that we can call it
unconditionally. Verifying that will take some benchmarking and
the result may not be the same on all kernels this fix needs
to be backported to. So I am avoiding that for now.
Filesystems with snapshots such as nilfs and btrfs do something
similar. But as the directory tree of the snapshots are disjoint
from one another and from the main directory tree rename won't move
things between them and this problem will not occur.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reported-by: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Fixes: 397d425dc2 ("vfs: Test for and handle paths that are unreachable from their mnt_root")
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit c4f24df942 upstream.
We do want to respect the FLUSH_SYNC argument to nfs_commit_inode() to
ensure that all outstanding COMMIT requests to the inode in question are
complete. Currently we may exit early from both nfs_commit_inode() and
nfs_write_inode() even if there are COMMIT requests in flight, or unstable
writes on the commit list.
In order to get the right semantics w.r.t. sync_inode(), we don't need
to have nfs_commit_inode() reset the inode dirty flags when called from
nfs_wb_page() and/or nfs_wb_all(). We just need to ensure that
nfs_write_inode() leaves them in the right state if there are outstanding
commits, or stable pages.
Reported-by: Scott Mayhew <smayhew@redhat.com>
Fixes: dc4fd9ab01 ("nfs: don't wait on commit in nfs_commit_inode()...")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.14+
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 9c6376ebdd upstream.
Ensure that we hold a reference to the layout header when processing
the pNFS return-on-close so that the refcount value does not inadvertently
go to zero.
Reported-by: Tigran Mkrtchyan <tigran.mkrtchyan@desy.de>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.10+
Tested-by: Tigran Mkrtchyan <tigran.mkrtchyan@desy.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit d9ee65539d upstream.
The start offset needs to be of type loff_t.
Fixed: 5fadeb47dc ("nfs: count DIO good bytes correctly with mirroring")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v4.0+
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit e231c6879c upstream.
When locking the file in order to do O_DIRECT on it, we must unmap
any mmapped ranges on the pagecache so that we can flush out the
dirty data.
Fixes: a5864c999d ("NFS: Do not serialise O_DIRECT reads and writes")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 49686cbbb3 upstream.
nfs_idmap_legacy_upcall() is supposed to be called with 'aux' pointing
to a 'struct idmap', via the call to request_key_with_auxdata() in
nfs_idmap_request_key().
However it can also be reached via the request_key() system call in
which case 'aux' will be NULL, causing a NULL pointer dereference in
nfs_idmap_prepare_pipe_upcall(), assuming that the key description is
valid enough to get that far.
Fix this by making nfs_idmap_legacy_upcall() negate the key if no
auxdata is provided.
As usual, this bug was found by syzkaller. A simple reproducer using
the command-line keyctl program is:
keyctl request2 id_legacy uid:0 '' @s
Fixes: 57e62324e4 ("NFS: Store the legacy idmapper result in the keyring")
Reported-by: syzbot+5dfdbcf7b3eb5912abbb@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trondmy@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 1b8d97b0a8 upstream.
If some of the WRITE calls making up an O_DIRECT write syscall fail,
we neglect to commit, even if some of the WRITEs succeed.
We also depend on the commit code to free the reference count on the
nfs_page taken in the "if (request_commit)" case at the end of
nfs_direct_write_completion(). The problem was originally noticed
because ENOSPC's encountered partway through a write would result in a
closed file being sillyrenamed when it should have been unlinked.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 8634ef5e05 upstream.
The LOOKUPP operation was inserted into the nfs4_procedures array
rather than being appended, which put /proc/net/rpc/nfs out of
whack, and broke the nfsstat utility.
Fix by moving the LOOKUPP operation to the end of the array, and
by ensuring that it keeps the same length whether or not NFSV4.1
and NFSv4.2 are compiled in.
Fixes: 5b5faaf6df ("nfs4: add NFSv4 LOOKUPP handlers")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 7f1bda447c upstream.
The commit list can get very large, and so we need a cond_resched()
in nfs_commit_release_pages() in order to ensure we don't hog the CPU
for excessive periods of time.
Reported-by: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 7ff4cff637 upstream.
A pNFS server may return LAYOUTUNAVAILABLE error on LAYOUTGET for files
which don't have any layout. In this situation pnfs_update_layout
currently returns NULL. As this NULL is converted into ENOMEM, IO
requests fails instead of falling back to MDS.
Do not return ENOMEM on LAYOUTUNAVAILABLE and let client retry through
MDS.
Fixes 8d40b0f148. I will suggest to backport this fix to affected
stable branches.
Signed-off-by: Tigran Mkrtchyan <tigran.mkrtchyan@desy.de>
[trondmy: Use IS_ERR_OR_NULL()]
Fixes: 8d40b0f148 ("NFS filelayout:call GETDEVICEINFO after...")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit ba4a76f703 upstream.
Currently when falling back to doing I/O through the MDS (via
pnfs_{read|write}_through_mds), the client frees the nfs_pgio_header
without releasing the reference taken on the dreq
via pnfs_generic_pg_{read|write}pages -> nfs_pgheader_init ->
nfs_direct_pgio_init. It then takes another reference on the dreq via
nfs_generic_pg_pgios -> nfs_pgheader_init -> nfs_direct_pgio_init and
as a result the requester will become stuck in inode_dio_wait. Once
that happens, other processes accessing the inode will become stuck as
well.
Ensure that pnfs_read_through_mds() and pnfs_write_through_mds() clean
up correctly by calling hdr->completion_ops->completion() instead of
calling hdr->release() directly.
This can be reproduced (sometimes) by performing "storage failover
takeover" commands on NetApp filer while doing direct I/O from a client.
This can also be reproduced using SystemTap to simulate a failure while
doing direct I/O from a client (from Dave Wysochanski
<dwysocha@redhat.com>):
stap -v -g -e 'probe module("nfs_layout_nfsv41_files").function("nfs4_fl_prepare_ds").return { $return=NULL; exit(); }'
Suggested-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Scott Mayhew <smayhew@redhat.com>
Fixes: 1ca018d28d ("pNFS: Fix a memory leak when attempted pnfs fails")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
[ Upstream commit d803224c84 ]
On successful rename, the "old_dentry" is retained and is attached to
the "new_dir", so we need to call nfs_set_verifier() accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit b688741cb0 upstream.
For correct close-to-open semantics, NFS must validate
the change attribute of a directory (or file) on open.
Since commit ecf3d1f1aa ("vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a
d_weak_revalidate dentry op"), open() of "." or a path ending ".." is
not revalidated reliably (except when that direct is a mount point).
Prior to that commit, "." was revalidated using nfs_lookup_revalidate()
which checks the LOOKUP_OPEN flag and forces revalidation if the flag is
set.
Since that commit, nfs_weak_revalidate() is used for NFSv3 (which
ignores the flags) and nothing is used for NFSv4.
This is fixed by using nfs_lookup_verify_inode() in
nfs_weak_revalidate(). This does the revalidation exactly when needed.
Also, add a definition of .d_weak_revalidate for NFSv4.
The incorrect behavior is easily demonstrated by running "echo *" in
some non-mountpoint NFS directory while watching network traffic.
Without this patch, "echo *" sometimes doesn't produce any traffic.
With the patch it always does.
Fixes: ecf3d1f1aa ("vfs: kill FS_REVAL_DOT by adding a d_weak_revalidate dentry op")
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit 3944369db7 upstream.
There isn't an obvious way to acquire and release the RCU lock during a
tracepoint, so we can't use the rpc_peeraddr2str() function here.
Instead, rely on the client's cl_hostname, which should have similar
enough information without needing an rcu_dereference().
Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit c05cefcc72 upstream.
Before traversing a referral and performing a mount, the mounted-on
directory looks strange:
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 4294967294 4294967294 0 Dec 31 1969 dir.0
nfs4_get_referral is wiping out any cached attributes with what was
returned via GETATTR(fs_locations), but the bit mask for that
operation does not request any file attributes.
Retrieve owner and timestamp information so that the memcpy in
nfs4_get_referral fills in more attributes.
Changes since v1:
- Don't request attributes that the client unconditionally replaces
- Request only MOUNTED_ON_FILEID or FILEID attribute, not both
- encode_fs_locations() doesn't use the third bitmask word
Fixes: 6b97fd3da1 ("NFSv4: Follow a referral")
Suggested-by: Pradeep Thomas <pradeepthomas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit fcfa447062 upstream.
Commit e12937279c "NFS: Move the flock open mode check into nfs_flock()"
changed NFSv3 behavior for flock() such that the open mode must match the
lock type, however that requirement shouldn't be enforced for flock().
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
commit f02fee227e upstream.
The option was incorrectly masking off all other options.
Signed-off-by: Joshua Watt <JPEWhacker@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Since we can now use a lock stateid or a delegation stateid, that
differs from the context stateid, we need to change the test in
nfs4_layoutget_handle_exception() to take this into account.
This fixes an infinite layoutget loop in the NFS client whereby
it keeps retrying the initial layoutget using the same broken
stateid.
Fixes: 70d2f7b1ea ("pNFS: Use the standard I/O stateid when...")
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Michael Sterrett reports a NULL pointer dereference on NFSv3 mounts when
CONFIG_NFS_V4 is not set because the NFS UOC rpc_wait_queue has not been
initialized. Move the initialization of the queue out of the CONFIG_NFS_V4
conditional setion.
Fixes: 7d6ddf88c4 ("NFS: Add an iocounter wait function for async RPC tasks")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # 4.11+
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Coddington <bcodding@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
nfs_idmap_get_desc() can't actually return zero. But if it did then
we would return ERR_PTR(0) which is NULL and the caller,
nfs_idmap_get_key(), doesn't expect that so it leads to a NULL pointer
dereference.
I've cleaned this up by changing the "<=" to "<" so it's more clear that
we don't return ERR_PTR(0).
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
The units of RPC_MAX_AUTH_SIZE is bytes, not 4-byte words. This causes
the client to request a larger-than-necessary session replay slot size.
Signed-off-by: J. Bruce Fields <bfields@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Hightlights include:
bugfixes:
- Various changes relating to reporting IO errors.
- pnfs: Use the standard I/O stateid when calling LAYOUTGET
Features:
- Add static NFS I/O tracepoints for debugging
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Merge tag 'nfs-for-4.14-2' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs
Pull more NFS client updates from Trond Myklebust:
"Hightlights include:
Bugfixes:
- Various changes relating to reporting IO errors.
- pnfs: Use the standard I/O stateid when calling LAYOUTGET
Features:
- Add static NFS I/O tracepoints for debugging"
* tag 'nfs-for-4.14-2' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs:
NFS: various changes relating to reporting IO errors.
NFS: Add static NFS I/O tracepoints
pNFS: Use the standard I/O stateid when calling LAYOUTGET
Pull mount flag updates from Al Viro:
"Another chunk of fmount preparations from dhowells; only trivial
conflicts for that part. It separates MS_... bits (very grotty
mount(2) ABI) from the struct super_block ->s_flags (kernel-internal,
only a small subset of MS_... stuff).
This does *not* convert the filesystems to new constants; only the
infrastructure is done here. The next step in that series is where the
conflicts would be; that's the conversion of filesystems. It's purely
mechanical and it's better done after the merge, so if you could run
something like
list=$(for i in MS_RDONLY MS_NOSUID MS_NODEV MS_NOEXEC MS_SYNCHRONOUS MS_MANDLOCK MS_DIRSYNC MS_NOATIME MS_NODIRATIME MS_SILENT MS_POSIXACL MS_KERNMOUNT MS_I_VERSION MS_LAZYTIME; do git grep -l $i fs drivers/staging/lustre drivers/mtd ipc mm include/linux; done|sort|uniq|grep -v '^fs/namespace.c$')
sed -i -e 's/\<MS_RDONLY\>/SB_RDONLY/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOSUID\>/SB_NOSUID/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NODEV\>/SB_NODEV/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOEXEC\>/SB_NOEXEC/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_SYNCHRONOUS\>/SB_SYNCHRONOUS/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_MANDLOCK\>/SB_MANDLOCK/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_DIRSYNC\>/SB_DIRSYNC/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOATIME\>/SB_NOATIME/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NODIRATIME\>/SB_NODIRATIME/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_SILENT\>/SB_SILENT/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_POSIXACL\>/SB_POSIXACL/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_KERNMOUNT\>/SB_KERNMOUNT/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_I_VERSION\>/SB_I_VERSION/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_LAZYTIME\>/SB_LAZYTIME/g' \
$list
and commit it with something along the lines of 'convert filesystems
away from use of MS_... constants' as commit message, it would save a
quite a bit of headache next cycle"
* 'work.mount' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
VFS: Differentiate mount flags (MS_*) from internal superblock flags
VFS: Convert sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY to sb_rdonly(sb)
vfs: Add sb_rdonly(sb) to query the MS_RDONLY flag on s_flags
Hightlights include:
Stable bugfixes:
- Fix mirror allocation in the writeback code to avoid a use after free
- Fix the O_DSYNC writes to use the correct byte range
- Fix 2 use after free issues in the I/O code
Features:
- Writeback fixes to split up the inode->i_lock in order to reduce contention
- RPC client receive fixes to reduce the amount of time the
xprt->transport_lock is held when receiving data from a socket into am
XDR buffer.
- Ditto fixes to reduce contention between call side users of the rdma
rb_lock, and its use in rpcrdma_reply_handler.
- Re-arrange rdma stats to reduce false cacheline sharing.
- Various rdma cleanups and optimisations.
- Refactor the NFSv4.1 exchange id code and clean up the code.
- Const-ify all instances of struct rpc_xprt_ops
Bugfixes:
- Fix the NFSv2 'sec=' mount option.
- NFSv4.1: don't use machine credentials for CLOSE when using 'sec=sys'
- Fix the NFSv3 GRANT callback when the port changes on the server.
- Fix livelock issues with COMMIT
- NFSv4: Use correct inode in _nfs4_opendata_to_nfs4_state() when doing
and NFSv4.1 open by filehandle.
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Merge tag 'nfs-for-4.14-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs
Pull NFS client updates from Trond Myklebust:
"Hightlights include:
Stable bugfixes:
- Fix mirror allocation in the writeback code to avoid a use after
free
- Fix the O_DSYNC writes to use the correct byte range
- Fix 2 use after free issues in the I/O code
Features:
- Writeback fixes to split up the inode->i_lock in order to reduce
contention
- RPC client receive fixes to reduce the amount of time the
xprt->transport_lock is held when receiving data from a socket into
am XDR buffer.
- Ditto fixes to reduce contention between call side users of the
rdma rb_lock, and its use in rpcrdma_reply_handler.
- Re-arrange rdma stats to reduce false cacheline sharing.
- Various rdma cleanups and optimisations.
- Refactor the NFSv4.1 exchange id code and clean up the code.
- Const-ify all instances of struct rpc_xprt_ops
Bugfixes:
- Fix the NFSv2 'sec=' mount option.
- NFSv4.1: don't use machine credentials for CLOSE when using
'sec=sys'
- Fix the NFSv3 GRANT callback when the port changes on the server.
- Fix livelock issues with COMMIT
- NFSv4: Use correct inode in _nfs4_opendata_to_nfs4_state() when
doing and NFSv4.1 open by filehandle"
* tag 'nfs-for-4.14-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs: (69 commits)
NFS: Count the bytes of skipped subrequests in nfs_lock_and_join_requests()
NFS: Don't hold the group lock when calling nfs_release_request()
NFS: Remove pnfs_generic_transfer_commit_list()
NFS: nfs_lock_and_join_requests and nfs_scan_commit_list can deadlock
NFS: Fix 2 use after free issues in the I/O code
NFS: Sync the correct byte range during synchronous writes
lockd: Delete an error message for a failed memory allocation in reclaimer()
NFS: remove jiffies field from access cache
NFS: flush data when locking a file to ensure cache coherence for mmap.
SUNRPC: remove some dead code.
NFS: don't expect errors from mempool_alloc().
xprtrdma: Use xprt_pin_rqst in rpcrdma_reply_handler
xprtrdma: Re-arrange struct rx_stats
NFS: Fix NFSv2 security settings
NFSv4.1: don't use machine credentials for CLOSE when using 'sec=sys'
SUNRPC: ECONNREFUSED should cause a rebind.
NFS: Remove unused parameter gfp_flags from nfs_pageio_init()
NFSv4: Fix up mirror allocation
SUNRPC: Add a separate spinlock to protect the RPC request receive list
SUNRPC: Cleanup xs_tcp_read_common()
...
1/ remove 'start' and 'end' args from nfs_file_fsync_commit().
They aren't used.
2/ Make nfs_context_set_write_error() a "static inline" in internal.h
so we can...
3/ Use nfs_context_set_write_error() instead of mapping_set_error()
if nfs_pageio_add_request() fails before sending any request.
NFS generally keeps errors in the open_context, not the mapping,
so this is more consistent.
4/ If filemap_write_and_write_range() reports any error, still
check ctx->error. The value in ctx->error is likely to be
more useful. As part of this, NFS_CONTEXT_ERROR_WRITE is
cleared slightly earlier, before nfs_file_fsync_commit() is called,
rather than at the start of that function.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Tools like tcpdump and rpcdebug can be very useful. But there are
plenty of environments where they are difficult or impossible to
use. For example, we've had customers report I/O failures during
workloads so heavy that collecting network traffic or enabling
RPC debugging are themselves onerous.
The kernel's static tracepoints are lightweight (less likely to
introduce timing changes) and efficient (the trace data is compact).
They also work in scenarios where capturing network traffic is not
possible due to lack of hardware support (some InfiniBand HCAs) or
where data or network privacy is a concern.
Introduce tracepoints that show when an NFS READ, WRITE, or COMMIT
is initiated, and when it completes. Record the arguments and
results of each operation, which are not shown by existing sunrpc
module's tracepoints.
For instance, the recorded offset and count can be used to match an
"initiate" event to a "done" event. If an NFS READ result returns
fewer bytes than requested or zero, seeing the EOF flag can be
probative. Seeing an NFS4ERR_BAD_STATEID result is also indication
of a particular class of problems. The timing information attached
to each event record can often be useful as well.
Usage example:
[root@manet tmp]# trace-cmd record -e nfs:*initiate* -e nfs:*done
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/nfs/*initiate*/filter
/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/events/nfs/*done/filter
Hit Ctrl^C to stop recording
^CKernel buffer statistics:
Note: "entries" are the entries left in the kernel ring buffer and are not
recorded in the trace data. They should all be zero.
CPU: 0
entries: 0
overrun: 0
commit overrun: 0
bytes: 3680
oldest event ts: 78.367422
now ts: 100.124419
dropped events: 0
read events: 74
... and so on.
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Instead of having a private method for copying the open/delegation stateid,
use the same call that is used for standard I/O through the MDS.
Note that this means we transmit the stateid with a zero seqid, avoiding
issues with NFS4ERR_OLD_STATEID.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
If we skip a subrequest due to a zero refcount, we should still count
the byte range that it covered so that we accurately reconstruct the
original request size.
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Trond Myklebust