Add zstd compression and decompression support to SquashFS. zstd is a
great fit for SquashFS because it can compress at ratios approaching xz,
while decompressing twice as fast as zlib. For SquashFS in particular,
it can decompress as fast as lzo and lz4. It also has the flexibility
to turn down the compression ratio for faster compression times.
The compression benchmark is run on the file tree from the SquashFS archive
found in ubuntu-16.10-desktop-amd64.iso [1]. It uses `mksquashfs` with the
default block size (128 KB) and and various compression algorithms/levels.
xz and zstd are also benchmarked with 256 KB blocks. The decompression
benchmark times how long it takes to `tar` the file tree into `/dev/null`.
See the benchmark file in the upstream zstd source repository located under
`contrib/linux-kernel/squashfs-benchmark.sh` [2] for details.
I ran the benchmarks on a Ubuntu 14.04 VM with 2 cores and 4 GiB of RAM.
The VM is running on a MacBook Pro with a 3.1 GHz Intel Core i7 processor,
16 GB of RAM, and a SSD.
| Method | Ratio | Compression MB/s | Decompression MB/s |
|----------------|-------|------------------|--------------------|
| gzip | 2.92 | 15 | 128 |
| lzo | 2.64 | 9.5 | 217 |
| lz4 | 2.12 | 94 | 218 |
| xz | 3.43 | 5.5 | 35 |
| xz 256 KB | 3.53 | 5.4 | 40 |
| zstd 1 | 2.71 | 96 | 210 |
| zstd 5 | 2.93 | 69 | 198 |
| zstd 10 | 3.01 | 41 | 225 |
| zstd 15 | 3.13 | 11.4 | 224 |
| zstd 16 256 KB | 3.24 | 8.1 | 210 |
This patch was written by Sean Purcell <me@seanp.xyz>, but I will be
taking over the submission process.
[1] http://releases.ubuntu.com/16.10/
[2] https://github.com/facebook/zstd/blob/dev/contrib/linux-kernel/squashfs-benchmark.sh
zstd source repository: https://github.com/facebook/zstd
Signed-off-by: Sean Purcell <me@seanp.xyz>
Signed-off-by: Nick Terrell <terrelln@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Acked-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@squashfs.org.uk>
Further generalise the decompressors by adding a page handler
abstraction. This adds helpers to allow the decompressors
to access and process the output buffers in an implementation
independant manner.
This allows different types of output buffer to be passed
to the decompressors, with the implementation specific
aspects handled at decompression time, but without the
knowledge being held in the decompressor wrapper code.
This will allow the decompressors to handle Squashfs
cache buffers, and page cache pages.
This patch adds the abstraction and an implementation for
the caches.
Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@squashfs.org.uk>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
The decompressor interface and code was written from
the point of view of single-threaded operation. In doing
so it mixed a lot of single-threaded implementation specific
aspects into the decompressor code and elsewhere which makes it
difficult to seamlessly support multiple different decompressor
implementations.
This patch does the following:
1. It removes compressor_options parsing from the decompressor
init() function. This allows the decompressor init() function
to be dynamically called to instantiate multiple decompressors,
without the compressor options needing to be read and parsed each
time.
2. It moves threading and all sleeping operations out of the
decompressors. In doing so, it makes the decompressors
non-blocking wrappers which only deal with interfacing with
the decompressor implementation.
3. It splits decompressor.[ch] into decompressor generic functions
in decompressor.[ch], and moves the single threaded
decompressor implementation into decompressor_single.c.
The result of this patch is Squashfs should now be able to
support multiple decompressors by adding new decompressor_xxx.c
files with specialised implementations of the functions in
decompressor_single.c
Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@squashfs.org.uk>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Squashfs now supports XZ and LZO compression in addition to ZLIB.
As such it no longer makes sense to always include ZLIB support.
In particular embedded systems may only use LZO or XZ compression, and
the ability to exclude ZLIB support will reduce kernel size.
Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@squashfs.org.uk>
My existing email address may stop working in a month or two, so update
email to one that will continue working.
Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk>
Extend decompressor framework to handle compression options stored in
the filesystem. These options can be used by the relevant decompressor
at initialisation time to over-ride defaults.
The presence of compression options in the filesystem is indicated by
the COMP_OPT filesystem flag. If present the data is read from the
filesystem and passed to the decompressor init function. The decompressor
init function signature has been extended to take this data.
Also update the init function signature in the glib, lzo and xz
decompressor wrappers.
Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk>
This adds a decompressor framework which allows multiple compression
algorithms to be cleanly supported.
Also update zlib wrapper and other code to use the new framework.
Signed-off-by: Phillip Lougher <phillip@lougher.demon.co.uk>
Sean Purcell