# Planets and major natural satellites of the Solar System. # The rest of the Solar System's natural satellites are in minormoons.ssc. # # The orbital and physical data for the planets necessarily come from a # variety of sources. # # # === Orbits === # # CustomOrbits are used for most of the large bodies in the solar system. # These are orbital calculations built into Celestia. In most cases, # EllipticalOrbits are provided as well in order to give the reader of this # file some rough idea of the shape and size of a body's orbit. If a body has # a CustomOrbit defined, its EllipticalOrbit is *not* used by Celestia; the # CustomOrbit will override the EllipticalOrbit. # # For the planets, the orbits are calculated using the VSOP87 theory # (P. Bretagnon and G. Francou, "Planetary theories in rectangular and # spherical variables. VSOP87 solutions", Astronomy & Astrophysics 202 # (1988) 309-315. # # The orbits of the Galilean satellites are from J. H. Lieske's "E5" theory # as given in Jean Meeus's _Astronomical Algorithms_, pp. 301-315 # # The orbits of the following Saturnian satellites are from Gerard Dourneau # (1987), "Observations et etude du mouvement des huit premiers satellites # de Saturne": # Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Iapetus # # The orbits of the five largest Uranian satellites are from Laskar and # Jacobson (1978), "An Analytical Ephemeris of the Uranian Satellites" # (Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon) # # **** IMPORTANT **** # For applications where more accuracy is required, the orbits of any solar # system body may be replaced by a SPICE kernel or a file of postion/velocity # samples. Detailed documentation on how to do this may be found on the # Celestia WikiBook: # https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia/Trajectories#CustomOrbit # It is also possible to use JPL's DE405 or DE406 ephemeris For the positions # of the planets, Moon, and Pluto. Details are here: # https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia/JPL_Ephemerides # ******************* # # # === Rotational Elements === # # For most bodies, IAU rotational elements are used. These are implemented # internally by Celestia and selected by using a CustomRotation. The IAU # rotational elements are given here: # http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/WGCCRE/ # # UniformRotations are also listed for purely informational reasons; they are # overridden by CustomRotations (when present.) # # # When alternate data sources are used for orbits or rotational elements, the # source is noted by a comment in the body definition. # # # === Temperature, Albedo and Colors === # Bond albedo values were taken from the English Wikipedia, for Mars: # http://www.tak2000.com/data/planets/mars.htm # Geometric albedo and colors of planets was calculated from the spectra # from this paper: # https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.05048 "Mercury" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "mercury.*" NormalMap "mercury-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 0.95415 0.86031 ] Radius 2439.7 CustomOrbit "vsop87-mercury" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 0.240846264317122 # SemiMajorAxis 0.3870982121840369 # Eccentricity 0.2056302929816634 # Inclination 7.00501414069919 # AscendingNode 48.3305373398104 # ArgOfPericenter 29.12428280936123 # MeanAnomaly 174.7958829506606 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-mercury" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Period 1407.509405 # Inclination 28.55 # AscendingNode 11.01 # MeridianAngle 329.548 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.141380 BondAlbedo 0.088 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" } "Venus" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "venus.*" NormalMap "venus-normal.*" Color [ 0.98965 1.0 0.98452 ] Radius 6051.8 Atmosphere { Height 200 MieScaleHeight 27 Mie 0.02 MieAsymmetry -0.2 Rayleigh [ 0.0031 0.0058 0.0120 ] #Absorption [ 0.0044 0.0040 0.0004 ] CloudHeight 48.5 CloudSpeed 90 CloudMap "venus-clouds.*" } CustomOrbit "vsop87-venus" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 0.615190499860112 # SemiMajorAxis 0.7233269274790103 # Eccentricity 0.006755786250503024 # Inclination 3.394589648659516 # AscendingNode 76.67837463924961 # ArgOfPericenter 55.18596653686583 # MeanAnomaly 50.11477187351476 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-venus" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Period 5832.443616 # Inclination 157.16 # AscendingNode 182.76 # MeridianAngle 19.80 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.672604 BondAlbedo 0.760 TempDiscrepancy 507.5 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus" } "Earth" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "earth.*" NightTexture "earth-night.*" NormalMap "earth-normal.*" Color [ 0.87572 0.91517 1.0 ] SpecularColor [ 0.50 0.44 0.40 ] SpecularPower 120 Radius 6378.140 Oblateness 0.0033528 Atmosphere { Height 100 Mie 0.0002 MieAsymmetry -0.7 MieScaleHeight 8.5 Rayleigh [ 0.0054 0.0081 0.0167 ] Absorption [ 0.0027 0.0017 0.0002 ] CloudHeight 7 CloudSpeed 65 CloudMap "earth-clouds.*" CloudShadowDepth 1.0 } CustomOrbit "vsop87-earth" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 1.00069071545358 # SemiMajorAxis 1.000448828928361 # Eccentricity 0.0171186290535764 # Inclination 0.000418134426968885 # AscendingNode 135.0829426264774 # ArgOfPericenter 326.7259945200456 # MeanAnomaly 358.6172562406391 # } # Orientation of Earth's axis with respect to the ecliptic plane and # equinox of J2000 is computed with the long period extension of # extension of the the P03 precession model presented in # "Long-periodic Precession Parameters", J. Vondrak (2006) BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "earth-p03lp" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Period 23.93447117 # Inclination -23.4392911 # MeridianAngle 280.147 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.449576 BondAlbedo 0.306 TempDiscrepancy 33.5 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth" } "Moon:Earth I" "Sol/Earth" { Class "moon" Texture "moon.*" NormalMap "moon-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 0.94582 0.865 ] Radius 1738.14 Oblateness 0.00125 CustomOrbit "moon" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Earth" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 27.321661 # SemiMajorAxis 384399 # Eccentricity 0.05490 # Inclination 5.240273 # AscendingNode 123.958056 # ArgOfPericenter 308.922672 # MeanAnomaly 146.673275 # } OrbitFrame { EquatorJ2000 { Center "Sol/Earth" } } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-moon" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 23.4608 # AscendingNode 359.9949 # MeridianAngle 38.3213 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.136 BondAlbedo 0.11 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon" } "Mars" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "mars.*" NormalMap "mars-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 0.79855 0.56429 ] Radius 3396.2 Oblateness 0.00589 Atmosphere { Height 80 Mie 0.003 MieScaleHeight 11.1 Rayleigh [ 0.00022 0.00034 0.00070 ] Absorption [ 0.0020 0.0020 0.0030 ] CloudHeight 30 CloudSpeed 32 CloudMap "mars-clouds.*" } CustomOrbit "vsop87-mars" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 1.88082484103404 # SemiMajorAxis 1.523678992954245 # Eccentricity 0.09331510145396012 # Inclination 1.849876432291737 # AscendingNode 49.56200626315643 # ArgOfPericenter 286.5373825261921 # MeanAnomaly 19.35648274604994 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-mars" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Period 24.622962156 # Inclination 37.11350 # AscendingNode 47.68143 # MeridianAngle 176.630 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.174821 BondAlbedo 0.290 TempDiscrepancy 2 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" } "Phobos:Mars I" "Sol/Mars" { Class "minormoon" Mesh "phobos.cmod" MeshCenter [ -0.233 -0.156 -0.168 ] Texture "phobos.*" Color [ 1.0 0.98516 0.94386 ] Radius 13.1 OrbitFrame { EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Mars" } } EllipticalOrbit { Epoch 2456655.5 # 2013 Dec 29 Period 0.31891023 SemiMajorAxis 9376 Eccentricity 0.0151 Inclination 27.235297 AscendingNode 84.938846 ArgOfPericenter 48.660664 MeanAnomaly 85.232720 } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-phobos" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 37.10 # AscendingNode 47.68 # MeridianAngle 35.06 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.071 BondAlbedo 0.027 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phobos_(moon)" } "Deimos:Mars II" "Sol/Mars" { Class "minormoon" Mesh "deimos.cmod" Texture "deimos.*" Color [ 1.0 0.97168 0.93149 ] Radius 7.8 OrbitFrame { EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Mars" } } EllipticalOrbit { Epoch 2443431.5 # 1977 Oct 15 Period 1.2624407 SemiMajorAxis 23463.2 Eccentricity 0.00033 Inclination 24.167070 AscendingNode 84.377158 ArgOfPericenter 61.616854 MeanAnomaly 213.688382 } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-deimos" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 36.48 # AscendingNode 47.65 # MeridianAngle 79.41 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.068 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deimos_(moon)" } "Jupiter" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "jupiter.*" # from 2000 by Cassini-Huygens Color [ 1.0 0.98663 0.91433 ] Radius 71492 Oblateness 0.06487 Atmosphere { Height 1000 Mie 0.0001 MieScaleHeight 28 MieAsymmetry -0.15 Rayleigh [ 0.00095 0.00145 0.00298 ] Absorption [ 0.00033 0.00010 0.00001 ] } CustomOrbit "vsop87-jupiter" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 11.8672211183947 # SemiMajorAxis 5.204336236587197 # Eccentricity 0.04878759832915376 # Inclination 1.304632514444227 # AscendingNode 100.4912520138616 # ArgOfPericenter 275.0689654447587 # MeanAnomaly 18.81562670870565 # } BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} } UniformRotation { Period 9.92491250 Inclination 2.22 AscendingNode 337.80 MeridianAngle 305.38 } GeomAlbedo 0.510901 BondAlbedo 0.503 TempDiscrepancy 62.5 # for 1 bar level Rings { Inner 122500 Outer 129360 Texture "jupiter-rings.*" } InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter" } AltSurface "2018 (Hubble)" "Sol/Jupiter" { Texture "jupiter-2018.*" } "Io:Jupiter I" "Sol/Jupiter" { Class "moon" Texture "io.*" Color [ 1.0 0.94191 0.70074 ] SemiAxes [ 1829.4 1819.4 1815.7 ] Atmosphere { Height 500 Mie 0.000005 MieScaleHeight 50 } CustomOrbit "io" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Jupiter" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 1.769137786 # SemiMajorAxis 421769 # Eccentricity 0.0041 # Inclination 2.212554 # AscendingNode 336.850441 # ArgOfPericenter 66.167954 # MeanAnomaly 335.152150 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-io" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 25.50 # AscendingNode 358.05 # MeridianAngle 200.39 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.63 BondAlbedo 0.56 TempDiscrepancy 11 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Io_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Io" { Texture "io.*" OverlayTexture "io-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Europa:Jupiter II" "Sol/Jupiter" { Class "moon" Texture "europa.*" Color [ 1.0 0.95939 0.85366 ] SemiAxes [ 1562.6 1560.3 1559.5 ] CustomOrbit "europa" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Jupiter" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 3.551181 # SemiMajorAxis 671079 # Eccentricity 0.0094 # Inclination 1.790890 # AscendingNode 332.628081 # ArgOfPericenter 254.647596 # MeanAnomaly 345.411243 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-europa" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 25.49 # AscendingNode 358.08 # MeridianAngle 36.022 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.67 BondAlbedo 0.68 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Europa" { Texture "europa.*" OverlayTexture "europa-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Ganymede:Jupiter III" "Sol/Jupiter" { Class "moon" Texture "ganymede.*" Color [ 1.0 0.96761 0.89281 ] SemiAxes [ 2634.5 2633 2631.5 ] CustomOrbit "ganymede" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Jupiter" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 7.15455296 # SemiMajorAxis 1070428 # Eccentricity 0.0013 # Inclination 2.214148 # AscendingNode 343.170954 # ArgOfPericenter 319.809696 # MeanAnomaly 277.048780 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-ganymede" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 25.43 # AscendingNode 358.20 # MeridianAngle 44.064 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.43 BondAlbedo 0.35 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganymede_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Ganymede" { Texture "ganymede.*" OverlayTexture "ganymede-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Callisto:Jupiter IV" "Sol/Jupiter" { Class "moon" Texture "callisto.*" Color [ 1.0 0.9573 0.86499 ] SemiAxes [ 2409.5 2409.5 2409 ] CustomOrbit "callisto" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Jupiter" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 16.6890184 # SemiMajorAxis 1882700 # Eccentricity 0.0074 # Inclination 2.016906 # AscendingNode 337.941534 # ArgOfPericenter 16.127956 # MeanAnomaly 85.118909 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-callisto" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 25.17 # AscendingNode 358.72 # MeridianAngle 259.51 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.22 BondAlbedo 0.11 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callisto_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Callisto" { Texture "callisto.*" OverlayTexture "callisto-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Saturn" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "saturn.*" Color [ 1.0 0.9476 0.81514 ] Radius 60268 Oblateness 0.09796 Atmosphere { Height 1000 Mie 0.0001 MieScaleHeight 59.5 Rayleigh [ 0.00068 0.00103 0.00213 ] Absorption [ 0.00016 0.00005 0.00001 ] } CustomOrbit "vsop87-saturn" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 29.656888456386 # SemiMajorAxis 9.581929202823844 # Eccentricity 0.05563834277711069 # Inclination 2.484252385463505 # AscendingNode 113.6996605096974 # ArgOfPericenter 335.8655933994241 # MeanAnomaly 320.4255571246729 # } BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} } UniformRotation { Period 10.560555555556 Inclination 28.049 AscendingNode 169.530 MeridianAngle 358.922 } GeomAlbedo 0.499740 BondAlbedo 0.342 TempDiscrepancy 52.5 # for 1 bar level Rings { Inner 74510 Outer 140245 Texture "saturn-rings.*" } InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn" } "Mimas:Saturn I" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "moon" Mesh "mimas.cmod" Texture "mimas.*" Color [ 0.983 1.0 0.983 ] Radius 207.8 CustomOrbit "mimas" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 0.9424218 # SemiMajorAxis 185539 # Eccentricity 0.0196 # Inclination 27.001876 # AscendingNode 172.056861 # ArgOfPericenter 108.643370 # MeanAnomaly 37.479867 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-mimas" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 6.48 # AscendingNode 130.66 # MeridianAngle 337.46 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.962 BondAlbedo 0.67 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimas_(moon)" } "Enceladus:Saturn II" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "moon" Texture "enceladus.*" # NormalMap "enceladus-normal.*" Color [ 0.984 1.0 0.984 ] Radius 252.1 SemiAxes [ 1.018 0.9972 0.9849 ] CustomOrbit "enceladus" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 1.370218 # SemiMajorAxis 238037 # Eccentricity 0.0047 # Inclination 28.052057 # AscendingNode 169.506562 # ArgOfPericenter 135.483282 # MeanAnomaly 6.952993 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-enceladus" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 6.48 # AscendingNode 130.66 # MeridianAngle 2.82 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 1.375 BondAlbedo 0.81 TempDiscrepancy 15.35 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enceladus" } "Tethys:Saturn III" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "moon" Texture "tethys.*" NormalMap "tethys-normal.*" Color [ 0.980 1.0 0.966 ] SemiAxes [ 538.4 528.7 526.3 ] CustomOrbit "tethys" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 1.887802 # SemiMajorAxis 294672 # Eccentricity 0.0001 # Inclination 27.221003 # AscendingNode 167.998171 # ArgOfPericenter 157.575335 # MeanAnomaly 350.864392 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-tethys" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 6.48 # AscendingNode 130.66 # MeridianAngle 10.45 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 1.229 BondAlbedo 0.61 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tethys_(moon)" } "Dione:Saturn IV" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "moon" Texture "dione.*" NormalMap "dione-normal.*" Color [ 0.990 1.0 0.989 ] SemiAxes [ 564.4 561.3 559.6 ] CustomOrbit "dione" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 2.736915 # SemiMajorAxis 377415 # Eccentricity 0.0022 # Inclination 28.041482 # AscendingNode 169.470090 # ArgOfPericenter 164.934721 # MeanAnomaly 332.057584 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-dione" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 6.48 # AscendingNode 130.66 # MeridianAngle 357.00 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.998 BondAlbedo 0.52 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dione_(moon)" } "Rhea:Saturn V" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "moon" Texture "rhea.*" # NormalMap "rhea-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 0.98264 0.94056 ] SemiAxes [ 766.2 762.8 762.2 ] CustomOrbit "rhea" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 4.518212 # SemiMajorAxis 527068 # Eccentricity 0.0012583 # Inclination 28.241393 # AscendingNode 168.984156 # ArgOfPericenter 165.781086 # MeanAnomaly 206.903127 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-rhea" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 6.45 # AscendingNode 130.38 # MeridianAngle 235.16 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.949 BondAlbedo 0.48 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhea_(moon)" } "Titan:Saturn VI" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "moon" Texture "titan.*" Color [ 1.0 0.90773 0.72897 ] SpecularColor [ 0.50 0.44 0.40 ] SpecularPower 1000 SemiAxes [ 2575.15 2574.78 2574.47 ] Atmosphere { Height 950 Rayleigh [ 0.00125 0.00176 0.00274 ] MieScaleHeight 130 Absorption [ 0.0001 0.0005 0.001 ] CloudHeight 200 CloudSpeed 65 CloudMap "titan-clouds.*" } CustomOrbit "titan" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 15.945421 # SemiMajorAxis 1221865 # Eccentricity 0.0288 # Inclination 27.718340 # AscendingNode 169.239155 # ArgOfPericenter 164.409100 # MeanAnomaly 163.436236 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-titan" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 6.06 # AscendingNode 126.41 # MeridianAngle 189.64 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.21 BondAlbedo 0.27 TempDiscrepancy 11 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titan_(moon)" } "Hyperion:Saturn VII" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "minormoon" Mesh "hyperion.cmod" Texture "hyperion.*" Color [ 1.0 0.968 0.902 ] Radius 180.1 CustomOrbit "hyperion" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 21.276609 # SemiMajorAxis 1500934 # Eccentricity 0.0274 # Inclination 27.209154 # AscendingNode 168.304747 # ArgOfPericenter 188.693292 # MeanAnomaly 70.603755 # } # The rotation of Hyperion is chaotic; we don't attempt to model # the rotation exactly, but instead use non-zero precession rate to # make the rotation appear somewhat irregular. PrecessingRotation { Period 120 Inclination 61 AscendingNode 145 PrecessionPeriod 0.0192 } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.3 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperion_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Saturn/Hyperion" { Texture "hyperion-lok.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Iapetus:Saturn VIII" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "moon" Texture "iapetus.*" # NormalMap "iapetus-normal.*" Color [ 0.993 1.0 0.976 ] SemiAxes [ 746 746 712 ] CustomOrbit "iapetus" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 79.330183 # SemiMajorAxis 3560851 # Eccentricity 0.0276812 # Inclination 17.238222 # AscendingNode 139.691756 # ArgOfPericenter 229.658481 # MeanAnomaly 208.017516 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-iapetus" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 14.97 # AscendingNode 48.16 # MeridianAngle 350.20 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.27 BondAlbedo 0.26 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iapetus_(moon)" } "Phoebe:Saturn IX" "Sol/Saturn" { Class "minormoon" Mesh "phoebe.cmod" Texture "phoebe.*" Radius 109.4 OrbitFrame { EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Saturn" } } EllipticalOrbit { Epoch 2453167.5 # 2004 Jun 11 Period 548.167596 SemiMajorAxis 12917060.944 Eccentricity 0.152921 Inclination 173.212514 AscendingNode 263.558611 ArgOfPericenter 2.526169 MeanAnomaly 31.167678 } # Not used; IAU elements appear to be based on pre-Cassini # information. # CustomRotation "iau-phoebe" BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } UniformRotation { Period 9.2735 # Bauer et al, Astrophysical Journal 2004; 610(2): L57-L60 Inclination 12.1 # Porco et al, Science 2005; 307: 1237-42 AscendingNode 86.6 # Porco et al, Science 2005; 307: 1237-42 MeridianAngle 100 } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.081 BondAlbedo 0.026 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoebe_(moon)" } "Uranus" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "uranus.*" Color [ 0.86828 0.97 1.0 ] Radius 25559 Oblateness 0.0229 Atmosphere { Height 500 Mie 0.0014 MieScaleHeight 27.7 MieAsymmetry -0.1 Rayleigh [ 0.00026 0.00048 0.00100 ] } CustomOrbit "vsop87-uranus" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 84.3282227348361 # SemiMajorAxis 19.23015641645675 # Eccentricity 0.04439249637662888 # Inclination 0.7726557415122474 # AscendingNode 74.00240744954429 # ArgOfPericenter 96.59160786069499 # MeanAnomaly 142.8890153357523 # } BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} } UniformRotation { Period 17.24 Inclination 97.722 AscendingNode 167.647 MeridianAngle 331.13 } GeomAlbedo 0.437118 BondAlbedo 0.300 TempDiscrepancy 17.8 # for 1 bar level Rings { Inner 37812 Outer 52392 Texture "uranus-rings.*" } InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uranus" } "Miranda:Uranus V" "Sol/Uranus" { Class "moon" Texture "miranda-lok.*" # NormalMap "miranda-normal.*" Color [ 0.98357 0.98913 1.0 ] SemiAxes [ 240 234.2 232.9 ] CustomOrbit "miranda" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Uranus" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 1.413479 # SemiMajorAxis 129390 # Eccentricity 0.0013 # Inclination 97.267986 # AscendingNode 172.065967 # ArgOfPericenter 261.816760 # MeanAnomaly 61.247779 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-miranda" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 74.92 # AscendingNode 167.43 # MeridianAngle 149.30 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.32 BondAlbedo 0.28 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miranda_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Miranda" { Texture "miranda-lok.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Ariel:Uranus I" "Sol/Uranus" { Class "moon" Texture "ariel.*" # NormalMap "ariel-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 1.0 0.999 ] SemiAxes [ 581.1 577.9 577.7 ] CustomOrbit "ariel" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Uranus" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 2.520379 # SemiMajorAxis 191020 # Eccentricity 0.0012 # Inclination 97.721321 # AscendingNode 167.616776 # ArgOfPericenter 43.284123 # MeanAnomaly 154.841923 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-ariel" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 74.90 # AscendingNode 167.43 # MeridianAngle 23.78 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.53 BondAlbedo 0.23 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Ariel" { Texture "ariel.*" OverlayTexure "ariel-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Umbriel:Uranus II" "Sol/Uranus" { Class "moon" Texture "umbriel.*" # NormalMap "umbriel-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 0.99769 0.99749 ] Radius 584.7 CustomOrbit "umbriel" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Uranus" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 4.1441772 # SemiMajorAxis 266000 # Eccentricity 0.0039 # Inclination 97.679326 # AscendingNode 167.637075 # ArgOfPericenter 334.489611 # MeanAnomaly 271.690065 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-umbriel" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 74.90 # AscendingNode 167.43 # MeridianAngle 71.95 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.26 BondAlbedo 0.10 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbriel_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Umbriel" { Texture "umbriel.*" OverlayTexure "umbriel-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Titania:Uranus III" "Sol/Uranus" { Class "moon" Texture "titania.*" # NormalMap "titania-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 0.98945 0.97393 ] Radius 788.4 CustomOrbit "titania" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Uranus" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 8.706234 # SemiMajorAxis 435910 # Eccentricity 0.0011 # Inclination 97.821207 # AscendingNode 167.613219 # ArgOfPericenter 203.953805 # MeanAnomaly 72.597842 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-titania" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 74.90 # AscendingNode 167.43 # MeridianAngle 102.26 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.35 BondAlbedo 0.17 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titania_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Titania" { Texture "titania.*" OverlayTexure "titania-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Oberon:Uranus IV" "Sol/Uranus" { Class "moon" Texture "oberon.*" # NormalMap "oberon-normal.*" Color [ 1.0 0.98881 0.97178 ] Radius 761.4 CustomOrbit "oberon" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # OrbitFrame # { # EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Uranus" } # } # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 13.463234 # SemiMajorAxis 583520 # Eccentricity 0.0014 # Inclination 97.877864 # AscendingNode 167.756308 # ArgOfPericenter 252.847153 # MeanAnomaly 94.662801 # } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } CustomRotation "iau-oberon" # Overridden by CustomRotation # UniformRotation # { # Inclination 74.90 # AscendingNode 167.43 # MeridianAngle 173.23 # } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.31 BondAlbedo 0.14 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberon_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Oberon" { Texture "oberon.*" OverlayTexure "oberon-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Neptune" "Sol" { Class "planet" Texture "neptune.*" Color [ 0.78302 0.91535 1.0 ] Radius 24764 Oblateness 0.0171 Atmosphere { Height 500 Mie 0.002 MieScaleHeight 20.3 MieAsymmetry -0.1 Rayleigh [ 0.00104 0.00193 0.00400 ] Absorption [ 0.00000 0.00050 0.00100 ] } CustomOrbit "vsop87-neptune" # Overridden by CustomOrbit # EllipticalOrbit # { # Epoch 2451545.0 # 2000 Jan 01 12:00 # Period 165.087916323222 # SemiMajorAxis 30.09392573136601 # Eccentricity 0.01120361794639117 # Inclination 1.770211285182674 # AscendingNode 131.7839137619412 # ArgOfPericenter 267.3151968586168 # MeanAnomaly 266.1055972475706 # } BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} } UniformRotation { Period 16.11 Inclination 28.03 AscendingNode 49.24 MeridianAngle 228.66 } GeomAlbedo 0.409338 BondAlbedo 0.290 TempDiscrepancy 25.1 # for 1 bar level Rings { Inner 40900 Outer 62947 Texture "neptune-rings.*" } InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune" } "Proteus:Neptune VIII:S 1989 N 1" "Sol/Neptune" { Class "moon" Mesh "proteus.cmod" Texture "proteus.*" Radius 212 OrbitFrame { EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Neptune" } } EllipticalOrbit { Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 Period 1.12231477 SemiMajorAxis 117647 Eccentricity 0.00053 Inclination 28.908433 AscendingNode 48.083589 ArgOfPericenter 81.195458 MeanAnomaly 34.162384 } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } UniformRotation { Period 26.93555448 Inclination 47.09 AscendingNode 29.27 MeridianAngle 93.38 } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.096 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteus_(moon)" } "Triton:Neptune I" "Sol/Neptune" { Class "moon" Texture "triton.*" Color [ 1.0 0.99024 0.96338 ] SemiAxes [ 1354.6 1352.8 1352.4 ] Atmosphere { Height 32 Mie 0.0003 MieScaleHeight 8 Absorption [ 0.00200 0.00200 0.00250 ] } OrbitFrame { EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Neptune" } } EllipticalOrbit { Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 Period 5.8768541 SemiMajorAxis 354759 Eccentricity 0.000016 Inclination 130.909204 AscendingNode 213.174202 ArgOfPericenter 278.113474 MeanAnomaly 349.996104 } BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} } UniformRotation { Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 Inclination 110.44 AscendingNode 206.17 MeridianAngle 77.41 } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.719 BondAlbedo 0.65 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triton_(moon)" } AltSurface "Limit of knowledge" "Sol/Neptune/Triton" { Texture "triton.*" OverlayTexture "triton-lok-mask.*" LunarLambert 0.5 } "Nereid:Neptune II" "Sol/Neptune" { Class "minormoon" Mesh "roughsphere.cms" Texture "asteroid.*" SemiAxes [ 199 168 153 ] OrbitFrame { EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Neptune" } } EllipticalOrbit { Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 Period 359.396374 SemiMajorAxis 5506217.008 Eccentricity 0.753882 Inclination 5.055101 AscendingNode 319.892917 ArgOfPericenter 296.451886 MeanAnomaly 36.055860 } UniformRotation { Period 11.594 } LunarLambert 0.5 GeomAlbedo 0.155 InfoURL "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nereid_(moon)" }