forked from spacecruft/SNOUG
237 lines
8.0 KiB
TeX
237 lines
8.0 KiB
TeX
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% Hardware
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%
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% SatNOGS Optical Unofficial Guide
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%
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% Copyright (C) 2022, Jeff Moe
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%
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% This document is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
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% International Public License (CC BY-SA 4.0) by Jeff Moe.
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%
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\section{Overview of Hardware}
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\label{sec:hardware-overview}
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\index{hardware}
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Hardware considerations for a \gls{SatNOGS-Optical} \gls{ground-station}.
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Main hardware components in an optical ground station:
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={Hardware List Overview}]
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\end{lstlisting}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Lens. \index{lens}
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\item Camera. \index{camera}
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\item Computer. \index{computer}
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\end{itemize}
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Other components:
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={Hardware Components}]
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\end{lstlisting}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Ethernet cable. \index{ethernet}
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\item USB cable. \index{USB}
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\item Enclosure. \index{enclosure}
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\item Power supply. \index{power supply}
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\item Tripod. \index{tripod}
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\item Manual or tracking mount. \index{mount}
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\item Power source, grid or alternative.
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\item Internet, wifi or ethernet.
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\end{itemize}
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\section{Camera}
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\label{sec:hardware-camera}
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Cameras being tested:
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={Cameras under test}]
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\end{lstlisting}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item The Imaging Source IMX174 based. \index{The Imaging Source}\index{IMX174}
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\item ZWO ASI IMX174 based monochrome. \index{ZWO ASI}
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\item \gls{DSLR} camera. \index{DSLR}
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\end{itemize}
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\fbox{
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\parbox{\linewidth}{
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\textcolor{red}{NOTICE:} \\
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ZWO/ASI cameras require proprietary non-libre software on host computer.
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\index{proprietary}
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}
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}
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\section{Lenses}
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\label{sec:hardware-lenses}
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\index{lens}
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Lenses being tested:
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={Lenses under test}]
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\end{lstlisting}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Kowa 50mm f1.4 C-mount. \index{Kowa}
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\item Canon EF 50mm f1.2 USM. \index{Canon}
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\end{itemize}
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\section{Embedded Computer}
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\label{sec:hardware-computer}
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\index{hardware}\index{computer}
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Computers, such as Raspberry Pi, that can be used.
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\index{Raspberry Pi}
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={Embedded computer options}]
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\end{lstlisting}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Odroid N2 --- Confirmed working. \index{Odroid}
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\item Odroid M1 --- Testing.
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\item Raspberry Pi 3 --- ?
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\item Raspberry Pi 4 --- ?
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\item Intel NUC --- ? \index{Intel}
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\end{itemize}
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\subsection{Comparison}
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Comparing embedded computers for \gls{SatNOGS-Optical}.
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\begin{center}
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\begin{table}[ht]
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\begin{center}
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\hspace*{-1.5cm}
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\begin{tabular}{||c c c c c||}
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\hline
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Make & Model & Architecture & Max RAM & eMMC \\ [0.5ex]
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\hline\hline
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Odroid & N2 & ARM64 & 4 GB & Yes \\
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\hline
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Odroid & M2 & ARM64 & 8 GB & Yes \\ [1ex]
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\hline
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\end{tabular}
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\caption{Comparison of embedded computers}
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\label{compare-embed}
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\end{center}
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\end{table}
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\end{center}
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\section{Example Tracking Ground Station}
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\label{sec:hardware-tracking-ground-station}
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This is an example of a tracking \gls{ground-station}.
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It is a prototype, so there are lots of mis-matched,
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overbuilt/underbuilt parts.
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The full setup on tripod, can be seen in
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\ref{fig:video-enclosure-mount-tripod}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-mount-tripod}.
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A close up of the setup can be seen at
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\ref{fig:video-enclosure-mount}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-mount},
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showing the Skywatcher telescope tracking mount,
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a Bosch \gls{PoE} camera enclosure,
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and through the glass the camera lens.
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\index{Skywatcher}\index{telescope}\index{mount}\index{Bosch}\index{PoE}\index{camera}
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In the background is a white antenna for \gls{GNSS} (\gls{GPS}) and a solar power setup.
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\index{GNSS}\index{GPS}\index{solar power}
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\begin{figure}[h!]
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=0.40\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{video-enclosure-mount-web.png}
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\caption{\gls{SatNOGS-Optical} \gls{ground-station} prototype.}
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\label{fig:video-enclosure-mount}
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\index{telescope}\index{mount}\index{camera}
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\end{center}
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\end{figure}
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The camera lens is protected by the enclosure glass, which is \gls{IP67} (XXX) rated.
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See a close up of the front of the enclosure and camera lens in figure
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\ref{fig:video-enclosure-front}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-front}.
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\begin{figure}[h!]
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=0.40\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{video-enclosure-front-web.png}
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\caption{Camera enclosure, front side, showing glass and lens.}
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\label{fig:video-enclosure-front}
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\index{enclosure}\index{camera}
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\end{center}
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\end{figure}
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As seen in figure
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\ref{fig:video-enclosure-left}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-left},
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the left side of the enclosure has a hinge for opening.
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The bottom white component is part of the telescope mount.
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\begin{figure}[h!]
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=0.40\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{video-enclosure-left-web.png}
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\caption{Camera enclosure, left side, showing hinge.}
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\label{fig:video-enclosure-left}
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\index{enclosure}\index{camera}
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\end{center}
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\end{figure}
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Figure
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\ref{fig:video-enclosure-right}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-right},
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shows the right side of the enclosure.
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Two mounting bolt access points can be seen on each end.
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These are unscrewed with a hex head tool (supplied) to open the enclosure.
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\begin{figure}[h!]
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=0.40\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{video-enclosure-right-web.png}
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\caption{Camera enclosure, right side.}
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\label{fig:video-enclosure-right}
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\index{enclosure}\index{camera}
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\end{center}
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\end{figure}
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The enclosure is opened from the right side, as shown in figure
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\ref{fig:video-enclosure-right}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-right}.
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\begin{figure}[h!]
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=0.40\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{video-enclosure-right-open-web.png}
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\caption{Camera enclosure, right side, opened.}
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\label{fig:video-enclosure-right-open}
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\index{enclosure}\index{camera}
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\end{center}
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\end{figure}
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Inside the camera enclosure, as shown in Figure
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\ref{fig:video-enclosure-top-open}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-top-open},
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is:
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\begin{lstlisting}[caption={SatNOGS Optical Ground Station Components}]
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\end{lstlisting}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item The Imaging Source DMX camera with Sony IMX174 CMOS. \index{The Imaging Source}\index{IMX174}
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\item Kowa 50mm f1.4 C-mount lens.\index{Kowa}
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\item Odroid N2 running \gls{Debian} \gls{GNU} \gls{Linux} system. \index{Odroid}\index{Debian}\index{GNU}\index{Linux}
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\item Odroid N2 plastic enclosure, large half, hole drilled for ad-hoc mounting.
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\item Blower fan on top, with power cable (came with Bosch enclosure). \index{fan}
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\item Fan, maybe not so useful, with power cable (came with Bosch enclosure).
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\item Camera mounting plate (came with Bosch enclosure). \index{camera}
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\item Camera mounting screws, M6x25 (?).
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\item Ethernet cable, internal, short white (came with Bosch enclosure). \index{ethernet}
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\item \gls{PoE} ethernet cable, external, plugged into \gls{PoE} switch for data and power. \index{PoE}
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\item USB 3 cable, internal, way too long, needs replacing, from Odroid to camera. XXX flat connector
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\item USB 3 cable, external, from Odroid to telescope mount. XXX large rectangle connector \index{USB}
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\item ``Custom'' 12V DC power cable from Bosch \gls{PoE} to Odroid.
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\item Assorted nuts, bolts, and washers for an ad-hoc standoff height.
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\end{itemize}
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\begin{figure}[h!]
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=0.40\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{video-enclosure-top-open-web.png}
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\caption{Camera enclosure, opened.}
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\label{fig:video-enclosure-top-open}
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\index{enclosure}\index{camera}
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\end{center}
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\end{figure}
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The top of the enclosure shows weather protection and a sun visor.
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See figure \ref{fig:video-enclosure-top}, page \pageref{fig:video-enclosure-top}.
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\begin{figure}[h!]
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\begin{center}
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\includegraphics[keepaspectratio=true,height=0.40\textheight,width=1.00\textwidth,angle=0]{video-enclosure-top-web.png}
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\caption{Camera enclosure, top.}
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\label{fig:video-enclosure-top}
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\index{enclosure}\index{camera}
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\end{center}
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\end{figure}
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