This is intended for use with NVDIMMs that are physically persistent
(physically like flash) so that they can be used as a cost-effective
RAM replacement. Intel Optane DC persistent memory is one
implementation of this kind of NVDIMM.
Currently, a persistent memory region is "owned" by a device driver,
either the "Direct DAX" or "Filesystem DAX" drivers. These drivers
allow applications to explicitly use persistent memory, generally
by being modified to use special, new libraries. (DIMM-based
persistent memory hardware/software is described in great detail
here: Documentation/nvdimm/nvdimm.txt).
However, this limits persistent memory use to applications which
*have* been modified. To make it more broadly usable, this driver
"hotplugs" memory into the kernel, to be managed and used just like
normal RAM would be.
To make this work, management software must remove the device from
being controlled by the "Device DAX" infrastructure:
echo dax0.0 > /sys/bus/dax/drivers/device_dax/unbind
and then tell the new driver that it can bind to the device:
echo dax0.0 > /sys/bus/dax/drivers/kmem/new_id
After this, there will be a number of new memory sections visible
in sysfs that can be onlined, or that may get onlined by existing
udev-initiated memory hotplug rules.
This rebinding procedure is currently a one-way trip. Once memory
is bound to "kmem", it's there permanently and can not be
unbound and assigned back to device_dax.
The kmem driver will never bind to a dax device unless the device
is *explicitly* bound to the driver. There are two reasons for
this: One, since it is a one-way trip, it can not be undone if
bound incorrectly. Two, the kmem driver destroys data on the
device. Think of if you had good data on a pmem device. It
would be catastrophic if you compile-in "kmem", but leave out
the "device_dax" driver. kmem would take over the device and
write volatile data all over your good data.
This inherits any existing NUMA information for the newly-added
memory from the persistent memory device that came from the
firmware. On Intel platforms, the firmware has guarantees that
require each socket's persistent memory to be in a separate
memory-only NUMA node. That means that this patch is not expected
to create NUMA nodes, but will simply hotplug memory into existing
nodes.
Because NUMA nodes are created, the existing NUMA APIs and tools
are sufficient to create policies for applications or memory areas
to have affinity for or an aversion to using this memory.
There is currently some metadata at the beginning of pmem regions.
The section-size memory hotplug restrictions, plus this small
reserved area can cause the "loss" of a section or two of capacity.
This should be fixable in follow-on patches. But, as a first step,
losing 256MB of memory (worst case) out of hundreds of gigabytes
is a good tradeoff vs. the required code to fix this up precisely.
This calculation is also the reason we export
memory_block_size_bytes().
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@lists.01.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
In the process of onlining memory, we use walk_system_ram_range()
to find the actual RAM areas inside of the area being onlined.
However, it currently only finds memory resources which are
"top-level" iomem_resources. Children are not currently
searched which causes it to skip System RAM in areas like this
(in the format of /proc/iomem):
a0000000-bfffffff : Persistent Memory (legacy)
a0000000-afffffff : System RAM
Changing the true->false here allows children to be searched
as well. We need this because we add a new "System RAM"
resource underneath the "persistent memory" resource when
we use persistent memory in a volatile mode.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@lists.01.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
The mm/resource.c code is used to manage the physical address
space. The current resource configuration can be viewed in
/proc/iomem. An example of this is at the bottom of this
description.
The nvdimm subsystem "owns" the physical address resources which
map to persistent memory and has resources inserted for them as
"Persistent Memory". The best way to repurpose this for volatile
use is to leave the existing resource in place, but add a "System
RAM" resource underneath it. This clearly communicates the
ownership relationship of this memory.
The request_resource_conflict() API only deals with the
top-level resources. Replace it with __request_region() which
will search for !IORESOURCE_BUSY areas lower in the resource
tree than the top level.
We *could* also simply truncate the existing top-level
"Persistent Memory" resource and take over the released address
space. But, this means that if we ever decide to hot-unplug the
"RAM" and give it back, we need to recreate the original setup,
which may mean going back to the BIOS tables.
This should have no real effect on the existing collision
detection because the areas that truly conflict should be marked
IORESOURCE_BUSY.
00000000-00000fff : Reserved
00001000-0009fbff : System RAM
0009fc00-0009ffff : Reserved
000a0000-000bffff : PCI Bus 0000:00
000c0000-000c97ff : Video ROM
000c9800-000ca5ff : Adapter ROM
000f0000-000fffff : Reserved
000f0000-000fffff : System ROM
00100000-9fffffff : System RAM
01000000-01e071d0 : Kernel code
01e071d1-027dfdff : Kernel data
02dc6000-0305dfff : Kernel bss
a0000000-afffffff : Persistent Memory (legacy)
a0000000-a7ffffff : System RAM
b0000000-bffdffff : System RAM
bffe0000-bfffffff : Reserved
c0000000-febfffff : PCI Bus 0000:00
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@lists.01.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
HMM consumes physical address space for its own use, even
though nothing is mapped or accessible there. It uses a
special resource description (IORES_DESC_DEVICE_PRIVATE_MEMORY)
to uniquely identify these areas.
When HMM consumes address space, it makes a best guess about
what to consume. However, it is possible that a future memory
or device hotplug can collide with the reserved area. In the
case of these conflicts, there is an error message in
register_memory_resource().
Later patches in this series move register_memory_resource()
from using request_resource_conflict() to __request_region().
Unfortunately, __request_region() does not return the conflict
like the previous function did, which makes it impossible to
check for IORES_DESC_DEVICE_PRIVATE_MEMORY in a conflicting
resource.
Instead of warning in register_memory_resource(), move the
check into the core resource code itself (__request_region())
where the conflicting resource _is_ available. This has the
added bonus of producing a warning in case of HMM conflicts
with devices *or* RAM address space, as opposed to the RAM-
only warnings that were there previously.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@lists.01.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
walk_system_ram_range() can return an error code either becuase
*it* failed, or because the 'func' that it calls returned an
error. The memory hotplug does the following:
ret = walk_system_ram_range(..., func);
if (ret)
return ret;
and 'ret' makes it out to userspace, eventually. The problem
s, walk_system_ram_range() failues that result from *it* failing
(as opposed to 'func') return -1. That leads to a very odd
-EPERM (-1) return code out to userspace.
Make walk_system_ram_range() return -EINVAL for internal
failures to keep userspace less confused.
This return code is compatible with all the callers that I
audited.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@kernel.org>
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Cc: Tom Lendacky <thomas.lendacky@amd.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@lists.01.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Yaowei Bai <baiyaowei@cmss.chinamobile.com>
Cc: Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
Cc: Jerome Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Add a 'modalias' attribute to devices under the DAX bus so that userspace
is able to dynamically load modules as needed.
Normally, udev can get the modalias from 'uevent', and that is correctly
set up by the DAX bus. However other tooling such as 'libndctl' for
interacting with drivers/nvdimm/, and 'libdaxctl' for drivers/dax/ can
also use the modalias to dynamically load modules via libkmod lookups.
The 'nd' bus set up by the libnvdimm subsystem exports a modalias
attribute. Imitate this to export the same for the 'dax' bus.
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
The target-node attribute is the Linux numa-node that a device-dax
instance may create when it is online. Prior to being online the
device's 'numa_node' property reflects the closest online cpu node which
is the typical expectation of a device 'numa_node'. Once it is online it
becomes its own distinct numa node, i.e. 'target_node'.
Export the 'target_node' property to give userspace tooling the ability
to predict the effective numa-node from a device-dax instance configured
to provide 'System RAM' capacity.
Cc: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Reported-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
The typical 'new_id' attribute behavior is to immediately attach a
device to its driver after a new device-id is added. Implement this
behavior for the dax bus.
Reported-by: Alexander Duyck <alexander.h.duyck@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Brice Goglin <Brice.Goglin@inria.fr>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Persistent memory, as described by the ACPI NFIT (NVDIMM Firmware
Interface Table), is the first known instance of a memory range
described by a unique "target" proximity domain. Where "initiator" and
"target" proximity domains is an approach that the ACPI HMAT
(Heterogeneous Memory Attributes Table) uses to described the unique
performance properties of a memory range relative to a given initiator
(e.g. CPU or DMA device).
Currently the numa-node for a /dev/pmemX block-device or /dev/daxX.Y
char-device follows the traditional notion of 'numa-node' where the
attribute conveys the closest online numa-node. That numa-node attribute
is useful for cpu-binding and memory-binding processes *near* the
device. However, when the memory range backing a 'pmem', or 'dax' device
is onlined (memory hot-add) the memory-only-numa-node representing that
address needs to be differentiated from the set of online nodes. In
other words, the numa-node association of the device depends on whether
you can bind processes *near* the cpu-numa-node in the offline
device-case, or bind process *on* the memory-range directly after the
backing address range is onlined.
Allow for the case that platform firmware describes persistent memory
with a unique proximity domain, i.e. when it is distinct from the
proximity of DRAM and CPUs that are on the same socket. Plumb the Linux
numa-node translation of that proximity through the libnvdimm region
device to namespaces that are in device-dax mode. With this in place the
proposed kmem driver [1] can optionally discover a unique numa-node
number for the address range as it transitions the memory from an
offline state managed by a device-driver to an online memory range
managed by the core-mm.
[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20181022201317.8558C1D8@viggo.jf.intel.com
Reported-by: Fan Du <fan.du@intel.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: "Oliver O'Halloran" <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
On the expectation that some environments may not upgrade libdaxctl
(userspace component that depends on the /sys/class/dax hierarchy),
provide a default / legacy dax_pmem_compat driver. The dax_pmem_compat
driver implements the original /sys/class/dax sysfs layout rather than
/sys/bus/dax. When userspace is upgraded it can blacklist this module
and switch to the dax_pmem driver going forward.
CONFIG_DEV_DAX_PMEM_COMPAT and supporting code will be deleted according
to the dax_pmem entry in Documentation/ABI/obsolete/.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Introduce the 'new_id' concept for enabling a custom device-driver attach
policy for dax-bus drivers. The intended use is to have a mechanism for
hot-plugging device-dax ranges into the page allocator on-demand. With
this in place the default policy of using device-dax for performance
differentiated memory can be overridden by user-space policy that can
arrange for the memory range to be managed as 'System RAM' with
user-defined NUMA and other performance attributes.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Move the responsibility of calling devm_request_resource() and
devm_memremap_pages() into the common device-dax driver. This is another
preparatory step to allowing an alternate personality driver for a
device-dax range.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
In support of multiple device-dax instances per device-dax-region and
allowing the 'kmem' driver to attach to dax-instances instead of the
current device-node access, convert the dax sub-system from a class to a
bus. Recall that the kmem driver takes reserved / special purpose
memories and assigns them to be managed by the core-mm.
Aside from the fact the device-dax instances are registered and probed
on a bus, two other lifetime-management changes are made:
1/ Delay attaching a cdev until driver probe time
2/ A new run_dax() helper is introduced to allow restoring dax-operation
after a kill_dax() event. So, at driver ->probe() time we run_dax()
and at ->remove() time we kill_dax() and invalidate all mappings.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Towards eliminating the dax_class, move the dax-device-attribute
enabling to a new bus.c file in the core. The amount of code
thrash of sub-sequent patches is reduced as no logic changes are made,
just pure code movement.
A temporary export of unregister_dex_dax() and dax_attribute_groups is
needed to preserve compilation, but those symbols become static again in
a follow-on patch.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
The multi-resource implementation anticipated discontiguous sub-division
support. That has not yet materialized, delete the infrastructure and
related code.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Nothing consumes this attribute of a region and devres otherwise
remembers the value for de-allocation purposes.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Commit bbb3be170a "device-dax: fix sysfs duplicate warnings" arranged
for passing a dax instance-id to devm_create_dax_dev(), rather than
generating one internally. Remove the dax_region ida and related code.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
- improve boolinit.cocci and use_after_iter.cocci semantic patches
- fix alignment for kallsyms
- move 'asm goto' compiler test to Kconfig and clean up jump_label
CONFIG option
- generate asm-generic wrappers automatically if arch does not implement
mandatory UAPI headers
- remove redundant generic-y defines
- misc cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v4.21-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull more Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- improve boolinit.cocci and use_after_iter.cocci semantic patches
- fix alignment for kallsyms
- move 'asm goto' compiler test to Kconfig and clean up jump_label
CONFIG option
- generate asm-generic wrappers automatically if arch does not
implement mandatory UAPI headers
- remove redundant generic-y defines
- misc cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v4.21-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
kconfig: rename generated .*conf-cfg to *conf-cfg
kbuild: remove unnecessary stubs for archheader and archscripts
kbuild: use assignment instead of define ... endef for filechk_* rules
arch: remove redundant UAPI generic-y defines
kbuild: generate asm-generic wrappers if mandatory headers are missing
arch: remove stale comments "UAPI Header export list"
riscv: remove redundant kernel-space generic-y
kbuild: change filechk to surround the given command with { }
kbuild: remove redundant target cleaning on failure
kbuild: clean up rule_dtc_dt_yaml
kbuild: remove UIMAGE_IN and UIMAGE_OUT
jump_label: move 'asm goto' support test to Kconfig
kallsyms: lower alignment on ARM
scripts: coccinelle: boolinit: drop warnings on named constants
scripts: coccinelle: check for redeclaration
kconfig: remove unused "file" field of yylval union
nds32: remove redundant kernel-space generic-y
nios2: remove unneeded HAS_DMA define
Pull perf tooling updates form Ingo Molnar:
"A final batch of perf tooling changes: mostly fixes and small
improvements"
* 'perf-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (29 commits)
perf session: Add comment for perf_session__register_idle_thread()
perf thread-stack: Fix thread stack processing for the idle task
perf thread-stack: Allocate an array of thread stacks
perf thread-stack: Factor out thread_stack__init()
perf thread-stack: Allow for a thread stack array
perf thread-stack: Avoid direct reference to the thread's stack
perf thread-stack: Tidy thread_stack__bottom() usage
perf thread-stack: Simplify some code in thread_stack__process()
tools gpio: Allow overriding CFLAGS
tools power turbostat: Override CFLAGS assignments and add LDFLAGS to build command
tools thermal tmon: Allow overriding CFLAGS assignments
tools power x86_energy_perf_policy: Override CFLAGS assignments and add LDFLAGS to build command
perf c2c: Increase the HITM ratio limit for displayed cachelines
perf c2c: Change the default coalesce setup
perf trace beauty ioctl: Beautify USBDEVFS_ commands
perf trace beauty: Export function to get the files for a thread
perf trace: Wire up ioctl's USBDEBFS_ cmd table generator
perf beauty ioctl: Add generator for USBDEVFS_ ioctl commands
tools headers uapi: Grab a copy of usbdevice_fs.h
perf trace: Store the major number for a file when storing its pathname
...
The semantics of what "in core" means for the mincore() system call are
somewhat unclear, but Linux has always (since 2.3.52, which is when
mincore() was initially done) treated it as "page is available in page
cache" rather than "page is mapped in the mapping".
The problem with that traditional semantic is that it exposes a lot of
system cache state that it really probably shouldn't, and that users
shouldn't really even care about.
So let's try to avoid that information leak by simply changing the
semantics to be that mincore() counts actual mapped pages, not pages
that might be cheaply mapped if they were faulted (note the "might be"
part of the old semantics: being in the cache doesn't actually guarantee
that you can access them without IO anyway, since things like network
filesystems may have to revalidate the cache before use).
In many ways the old semantics were somewhat insane even aside from the
information leak issue. From the very beginning (and that beginning is
a long time ago: 2.3.52 was released in March 2000, I think), the code
had a comment saying
Later we can get more picky about what "in core" means precisely.
and this is that "later". Admittedly it is much later than is really
comfortable.
NOTE! This is a real semantic change, and it is for example known to
change the output of "fincore", since that program literally does a
mmmap without populating it, and then doing "mincore()" on that mapping
that doesn't actually have any pages in it.
I'm hoping that nobody actually has any workflow that cares, and the
info leak is real.
We may have to do something different if it turns out that people have
valid reasons to want the old semantics, and if we can limit the
information leak sanely.
Cc: Kevin Easton <kevin@guarana.org>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Masatake YAMATO <yamato@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Greg KH <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 594cc251fd ("make 'user_access_begin()' do 'access_ok()'")
broke both alpha and SH booting in qemu, as noticed by Guenter Roeck.
It turns out that the bug wasn't actually in that commit itself (which
would have been surprising: it was mostly a no-op), but in how the
addition of access_ok() to the strncpy_from_user() and strnlen_user()
functions now triggered the case where those functions would test the
access of the very last byte of the user address space.
The string functions actually did that user range test before too, but
they did it manually by just comparing against user_addr_max(). But
with user_access_begin() doing the check (using "access_ok()"), it now
exposed problems in the architecture implementations of that function.
For example, on alpha, the access_ok() helper macro looked like this:
#define __access_ok(addr, size) \
((get_fs().seg & (addr | size | (addr+size))) == 0)
and what it basically tests is of any of the high bits get set (the
USER_DS masking value is 0xfffffc0000000000).
And that's completely wrong for the "addr+size" check. Because it's
off-by-one for the case where we check to the very end of the user
address space, which is exactly what the strn*_user() functions do.
Why? Because "addr+size" will be exactly the size of the address space,
so trying to access the last byte of the user address space will fail
the __access_ok() check, even though it shouldn't. As a result, the
user string accessor functions failed consistently - because they
literally don't know how long the string is going to be, and the max
access is going to be that last byte of the user address space.
Side note: that alpha macro is buggy for another reason too - it re-uses
the arguments twice.
And SH has another version of almost the exact same bug:
#define __addr_ok(addr) \
((unsigned long __force)(addr) < current_thread_info()->addr_limit.seg)
so far so good: yes, a user address must be below the limit. But then:
#define __access_ok(addr, size) \
(__addr_ok((addr) + (size)))
is wrong with the exact same off-by-one case: the case when "addr+size"
is exactly _equal_ to the limit is actually perfectly fine (think "one
byte access at the last address of the user address space")
The SH version is actually seriously buggy in another way: it doesn't
actually check for overflow, even though it did copy the _comment_ that
talks about overflow.
So it turns out that both SH and alpha actually have completely buggy
implementations of access_ok(), but they happened to work in practice
(although the SH overflow one is a serious serious security bug, not
that anybody likely cares about SH security).
This fixes the problems by using a similar macro on both alpha and SH.
It isn't trying to be clever, the end address is based on this logic:
unsigned long __ao_end = __ao_a + __ao_b - !!__ao_b;
which basically says "add start and length, and then subtract one unless
the length was zero". We can't subtract one for a zero length, or we'd
just hit an underflow instead.
For a lot of access_ok() users the length is a constant, so this isn't
actually as expensive as it initially looks.
Reported-and-tested-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'fscrypt_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt
Pull fscrypt updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Add Adiantum support for fscrypt"
* tag 'fscrypt_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt:
fscrypt: add Adiantum support
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Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus_stable' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4
Pull ext4 bug fixes from Ted Ts'o:
"Fix a number of ext4 bugs"
* tag 'ext4_for_linus_stable' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
ext4: fix special inode number checks in __ext4_iget()
ext4: track writeback errors using the generic tracking infrastructure
ext4: use ext4_write_inode() when fsyncing w/o a journal
ext4: avoid kernel warning when writing the superblock to a dead device
ext4: fix a potential fiemap/page fault deadlock w/ inline_data
ext4: make sure enough credits are reserved for dioread_nolock writes
Fix various regressions introduced in this cycles:
- fix dma-debug tracking for the map_page / map_single consolidatation
- properly stub out DMA mapping symbols for !HAS_DMA builds to avoid
link failures
- fix AMD Gart direct mappings
- setup the dma address for no kernel mappings using the remap
allocator
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Merge tag 'dma-mapping-4.21-1' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/dma-mapping
Pull dma-mapping fixes from Christoph Hellwig:
"Fix various regressions introduced in this cycles:
- fix dma-debug tracking for the map_page / map_single
consolidatation
- properly stub out DMA mapping symbols for !HAS_DMA builds to avoid
link failures
- fix AMD Gart direct mappings
- setup the dma address for no kernel mappings using the remap
allocator"
* tag 'dma-mapping-4.21-1' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/dma-mapping:
dma-direct: fix DMA_ATTR_NO_KERNEL_MAPPING for remapped allocations
x86/amd_gart: fix unmapping of non-GART mappings
dma-mapping: remove a few unused exports
dma-mapping: properly stub out the DMA API for !CONFIG_HAS_DMA
dma-mapping: remove dmam_{declare,release}_coherent_memory
dma-mapping: implement dmam_alloc_coherent using dmam_alloc_attrs
dma-mapping: implement dma_map_single_attrs using dma_map_page_attrs
This adds support for the hardware semaphores found in STM32MP1.
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Merge tag 'hwlock-v4.21' of git://github.com/andersson/remoteproc
Pull hwspinlock updates from Bjorn Andersson:
"This adds support for the hardware semaphores found in STM32MP1"
* tag 'hwlock-v4.21' of git://github.com/andersson/remoteproc:
hwspinlock: fix return value check in stm32_hwspinlock_probe()
hwspinlock: add STM32 hwspinlock device
dt-bindings: hwlock: Document STM32 hwspinlock bindings
Add support for the Adiantum encryption mode to fscrypt. Adiantum is a
tweakable, length-preserving encryption mode with security provably
reducible to that of XChaCha12 and AES-256, subject to a security bound.
It's also a true wide-block mode, unlike XTS. See the paper
"Adiantum: length-preserving encryption for entry-level processors"
(https://eprint.iacr.org/2018/720.pdf) for more details. Also see
commit 059c2a4d8e ("crypto: adiantum - add Adiantum support").
On sufficiently long messages, Adiantum's bottlenecks are XChaCha12 and
the NH hash function. These algorithms are fast even on processors
without dedicated crypto instructions. Adiantum makes it feasible to
enable storage encryption on low-end mobile devices that lack AES
instructions; currently such devices are unencrypted. On ARM Cortex-A7,
on 4096-byte messages Adiantum encryption is about 4 times faster than
AES-256-XTS encryption; decryption is about 5 times faster.
In fscrypt, Adiantum is suitable for encrypting both file contents and
names. With filenames, it fixes a known weakness: when two filenames in
a directory share a common prefix of >= 16 bytes, with CTS-CBC their
encrypted filenames share a common prefix too, leaking information.
Adiantum does not have this problem.
Since Adiantum also accepts long tweaks (IVs), it's also safe to use the
master key directly for Adiantum encryption rather than deriving
per-file keys, provided that the per-file nonce is included in the IVs
and the master key isn't used for any other encryption mode. This
configuration saves memory and improves performance. A new fscrypt
policy flag is added to allow users to opt-in to this configuration.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
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Merge tag 'docs-5.0-fixes' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation fixes from Jonathan Corbet:
"A handful of late-arriving documentation fixes"
* tag 'docs-5.0-fixes' of git://git.lwn.net/linux:
doc: filesystems: fix bad references to nonexistent ext4.rst file
Documentation/admin-guide: update URL of LKML information link
Docs/kernel-api.rst: Remove blk-tag.c reference
- remove an explicit dependency in Kconfig which is implied by another dependency
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Merge tag 'firewire-update' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ieee1394/linux1394
Pull firewire fixlet from Stefan Richter:
"Remove an explicit dependency in Kconfig which is implied by another
dependency"
* tag 'firewire-update' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ieee1394/linux1394:
firewire: Remove depends on HAS_DMA in case of platform dependency
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Merge tag 'for-linus-20190104' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull block updates and fixes from Jens Axboe:
- Pulled in MD changes that Shaohua had queued up for 4.21.
Unfortunately we lost Shaohua late 2018, I'm sending these in on his
behalf.
- In conjunction with the above, I added a CREDITS entry for Shaoua.
- sunvdc queue restart fix (Ming)
* tag 'for-linus-20190104' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
Add CREDITS entry for Shaohua Li
block: sunvdc: don't run hw queue synchronously from irq context
md: fix raid10 hang issue caused by barrier
raid10: refactor common wait code from regular read/write request
md: remvoe redundant condition check
lib/raid6: add option to skip algo benchmarking
lib/raid6: sort algos in rough performance order
lib/raid6: check for assembler SSSE3 support
lib/raid6: avoid __attribute_const__ redefinition
lib/raid6: add missing include for raid6test
md: remove set but not used variable 'bi_rdev'
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Merge tag 'drm-next-2019-01-05' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm
Pull drm fixes from Dave Airlie:
"Happy New Year, just decloaking from leave to get some stuff from the
last week in before rc1:
core:
- two regression fixes for damage blob and atomic
i915 gvt:
- Some missed GVT fixes from the original pull
amdgpu:
- new PCI IDs
- SR-IOV fixes
- DC fixes
- Vega20 fixes"
* tag 'drm-next-2019-01-05' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm: (53 commits)
drm: Put damage blob when destroy plane state
drm: fix null pointer dereference on null state pointer
drm/amdgpu: Add new VegaM pci id
drm/ttm: Use drm_debug_printer for all ttm_bo_mem_space_debug output
drm/amdgpu: add Vega20 PSP ASD firmware loading
drm/amd/display: Fix MST dp_blank REG_WAIT timeout
drm/amd/display: validate extended dongle caps
drm/amd/display: Use div_u64 for flip timestamp ns to ms
drm/amdgpu/uvd:Change uvd ring name convention
drm/amd/powerplay: add Vega20 LCLK DPM level setting support
drm/amdgpu: print process info when job timeout
drm/amdgpu/nbio7.4: add hw bug workaround for vega20
drm/amdgpu/nbio6.1: add hw bug workaround for vega10/12
drm/amd/display: Optimize passive update planes.
drm/amd/display: verify lane status before exiting verify link cap
drm/amd/display: Fix bug with not updating VSP infoframe
drm/amd/display: Add retry to read ddc_clock pin
drm/amd/display: Don't skip link training for empty dongle
drm/amd/display: Wait edp HPD to high in detect_sink
drm/amd/display: fix surface update sequence
...
Over the break a few defects were found, so this is a -rc style pull
request of various small things that have been posted.
- An attempt to shorten RCU grace period driven delays showed crashes
during heavier testing, and has been entirely reverted
- A missed merge/rebase error between the advise_mr and ib_device_ops
series
- Some small static analysis driven fixes from Julia and Aditya
- Missed ability to create a XRC_INI in the devx verbs interop series
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Merge tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rdma/rdma
Pull rdma fixes from Jason Gunthorpe:
"Over the break a few defects were found, so this is a -rc style pull
request of various small things that have been posted.
- An attempt to shorten RCU grace period driven delays showed crashes
during heavier testing, and has been entirely reverted
- A missed merge/rebase error between the advise_mr and ib_device_ops
series
- Some small static analysis driven fixes from Julia and Aditya
- Missed ability to create a XRC_INI in the devx verbs interop
series"
* tag 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rdma/rdma:
infiniband/qedr: Potential null ptr dereference of qp
infiniband: bnxt_re: qplib: Check the return value of send_message
IB/ipoib: drop useless LIST_HEAD
IB/core: Add advise_mr to the list of known ops
Revert "IB/mlx5: Fix long EEH recover time with NVMe offloads"
IB/mlx5: Allow XRC INI usage via verbs in DEVX context
- fix fbcon to not cause crash on unregister_framebuffer()
when there is more than one framebuffer (Noralf Trønnes)
- improve support for small rotated displays (Peter Rosin)
- fix probe failure handling in udlfb driver (Dan Carpenter)
- add config option to center the bootup logo (Peter Rosin)
- make FB_BACKLIGHT config option tristate (Rob Clark)
- remove superfluous HAS_DMA dependency for goldfishfb driver
(Geert Uytterhoeven)
- misc fixes (Alexey Khoroshilov, YueHaibing, Colin Ian King,
Lubomir Rintel)
- misc cleanups (Yangtao Li, Wen Yang)
also there is DRM's nouveau driver fix for wrong FB_BACKLIGHT
config option usage (FB_BACKLIGHT is for internal fbdev
subsystem use only)
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Merge tag 'fbdev-v4.21' of git://github.com/bzolnier/linux
Pull fbdev updates from Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz:
"This time the pull request is really small.
The most notable changes are fixing fbcon to not cause crash on
unregister_framebuffer() operation when there is more than one
framebuffer, adding config option to center the bootup logo and making
FB_BACKLIGHT config option tristate (which in turn uncovered incorrect
FB_BACKLIGHT usage by DRM's nouveau driver).
Summary:
- fix fbcon to not cause crash on unregister_framebuffer() when there
is more than one framebuffer (Noralf Trønnes)
- improve support for small rotated displays (Peter Rosin)
- fix probe failure handling in udlfb driver (Dan Carpenter)
- add config option to center the bootup logo (Peter Rosin)
- make FB_BACKLIGHT config option tristate (Rob Clark)
- remove superfluous HAS_DMA dependency for goldfishfb driver (Geert
Uytterhoeven)
- misc fixes (Alexey Khoroshilov, YueHaibing, Colin Ian King, Lubomir
Rintel)
- misc cleanups (Yangtao Li, Wen Yang)
also there is DRM's nouveau driver fix for wrong FB_BACKLIGHT config
option usage (FB_BACKLIGHT is for internal fbdev subsystem use only)"
* tag 'fbdev-v4.21' of git://github.com/bzolnier/linux:
drm/nouveau: fix incorrect FB_BACKLIGHT usage in Kconfig
fbdev: fbcon: Fix unregister crash when more than one framebuffer
fbdev: Remove depends on HAS_DMA in case of platform dependency
pxa168fb: trivial typo fix
fbdev: fsl-diu: remove redundant null check on cmap
fbdev: omap2: omapfb: convert to DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE
fbdev: uvesafb: fix spelling mistake "memoery" -> "memory"
fbdev: fbmem: add config option to center the bootup logo
fbdev: fbmem: make fb_show_logo_line return the end instead of the height
video: fbdev: pxafb: Fix "WARNING: invalid free of devm_ allocated data"
fbdev: fbmem: behave better with small rotated displays and many CPUs
video: clps711x-fb: release disp device node in probe()
fbdev: make FB_BACKLIGHT a tristate
udlfb: fix some inconsistent NULL checking
Pull i2c updates from Wolfram Sang:
"I2C has only driver updates for you this time.
Mostly new IDs/DT compatibles, also SPDX conversions, small cleanups.
STM32F7 got FastMode+ and PM support, Axxia some reliabilty
improvements"
* 'i2c/for-5.0' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/wsa/linux: (26 commits)
i2c: Add Actions Semiconductor Owl family S700 I2C support
dt-bindings: i2c: Add S700 support for Actions Semi Soc's
i2c: ismt: Add support for Intel Cedar Fork
i2c: tegra: Switch to SPDX identifier
i2c: tegra: Add missing kerneldoc for some fields
i2c: tegra: Cleanup kerneldoc comments
i2c: axxia: support sequence command mode
dt-bindings: i2c: rcar: Add r8a774c0 support
dt-bindings: i2c: sh_mobile: Add r8a774c0 support
i2c: sh_mobile: Add support for r8a774c0 (RZ/G2E)
i2c: i2c-cros-ec-tunnel: Switch to SPDX identifier.
i2c: powermac: Use of_node_name_eq for node name comparisons
i2c-axxia: check for error conditions first
i2c-axxia: dedicated function to set client addr
dt-bindings: i2c: Use correct vendor prefix for Atmel
i2c: tegra: replace spin_lock_irqsave with spin_lock in ISR
eeprom: at24: add support for 24c2048
dt-bindings: eeprom: at24: add "atmel,24c2048" compatible string
i2c: i2c-stm32f7: add PM Runtime support
i2c: sh_mobile: add support for r8a77990 (R-Car E3)
...
Pull HID updates from Jiri Kosina:
- high-resolution scrolling support that gracefully handles differences
between MS and Logitech implementations in HW, from Peter Hutterer
and Harry Cutts
- MSI IRQ support for intel-ish driver, from Song Hongyan
- support for new hardware (Cougar 700K, Odys Winbook 13, ASUS FX503VD,
ASUS T101HA) from Daniel M. Lambea, Hans de Goede and Aleix Roca
Nonell
- other small assorted fixups
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hid/hid: (22 commits)
HID: i2c-hid: Add Odys Winbook 13 to descriptor override
HID: lenovo: Add checks to fix of_led_classdev_register
HID: intel-ish-hid: add MSI interrupt support
HID: debug: Change to use DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE macro
HID: doc: fix wrong data structure reference for UHID_OUTPUT
HID: intel-ish-hid: fixes incorrect error handling
HID: asus: Add support for the ASUS T101HA keyboard dock
HID: logitech: Use LDJ_DEVICE macro for existing Logitech mice
HID: logitech: Enable high-resolution scrolling on Logitech mice
HID: logitech: Add function to enable HID++ 1.0 "scrolling acceleration"
HID: logitech-hidpp: fix typo, hiddpp to hidpp
HID: input: use the Resolution Multiplier for high-resolution scrolling
HID: core: process the Resolution Multiplier
HID: core: store the collections as a basic tree
Input: add `REL_WHEEL_HI_RES` and `REL_HWHEEL_HI_RES`
HID: input: support Microsoft wireless radio control hotkey
HID: use macros in IS_INPUT_APPLICATION
HID: asus: Add support for the ASUS FX503VD laptop
HID: asus: Add event handler to catch unmapped Asus Vendor UsagePage codes
HID: cougar: Add support for Cougar 700K Gaming Keyboard
...
Pull livepatch update from Jiri Kosina:
"Return value checking fixup in livepatching samples, from Nicholas Mc
Guire"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/livepatching:
livepatch: check kzalloc return values
You do not have to use define ... endef for filechk_* rules.
For simple cases, the use of assignment looks cleaner, IMHO.
I updated the usage for scripts/Kbuild.include in case somebody
misunderstands the 'define ... endif' is the requirement.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Now that Kbuild automatically creates asm-generic wrappers for missing
mandatory headers, it is redundant to list the same headers in
generic-y and mandatory-y.
Suggested-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Some time ago, Sam pointed out a certain degree of overwrap between
generic-y and mandatory-y. (https://lkml.org/lkml/2017/7/10/121)
I tweaked the meaning of mandatory-y a little bit; now it defines the
minimum set of ASM headers that all architectures must have.
If arch does not have specific implementation of a mandatory header,
Kbuild will let it fallback to the asm-generic one by automatically
generating a wrapper. This will allow to drop lots of redundant
generic-y defines.
Previously, "mandatory" was used in the context of UAPI, but I guess
this can be extended to kernel space ASM headers.
Suggested-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org>
These comments are leftovers of commit fcc8487d47 ("uapi: export all
headers under uapi directories").
Prior to that commit, exported headers must be explicitly added to
header-y. Now, all headers under the uapi/ directories are exported.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
This commit removes redundant generic-y defines in
arch/riscv/include/asm/Kbuild.
[1] It is redundant to define the same generic-y in both
arch/$(ARCH)/include/asm/Kbuild and
arch/$(ARCH)/include/uapi/asm/Kbuild.
Remove the following generic-y:
errno.h
fcntl.h
ioctl.h
ioctls.h
ipcbuf.h
mman.h
msgbuf.h
param.h
poll.h
posix_types.h
resource.h
sembuf.h
setup.h
shmbuf.h
signal.h
socket.h
sockios.h
stat.h
statfs.h
swab.h
termbits.h
termios.h
types.h
[2] It is redundant to define generic-y when arch-specific
implementation exists in arch/$(ARCH)/include/asm/*.h
Remove the following generic-y:
cacheflush.h
module.h
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
filechk_* rules often consist of multiple 'echo' lines. They must be
surrounded with { } or ( ) to work correctly. Otherwise, only the
string from the last 'echo' would be written into the target.
Let's take care of that in the 'filechk' in scripts/Kbuild.include
to clean up filechk_* rules.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Since commit 9c2af1c737 ("kbuild: add .DELETE_ON_ERROR special
target"), the target file is automatically deleted on failure.
The boilerplate code
... || { rm -f $@; false; }
is unneeded.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Commit 3a2429e1fa ("kbuild: change if_changed_rule for multi-line
recipe") and commit 4f0e3a57d6 ("kbuild: Add support for DT binding
schema checks") came in via different sub-systems.
This is a follow-up cleanup.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
The only/last user of UIMAGE_IN/OUT was removed by commit 4722a3e6b7
("microblaze: fix multiple bugs in arch/microblaze/boot/Makefile").
The input and output should always be $< and $@.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Currently, CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL just means "I _want_ to use jump label".
The jump label is controlled by HAVE_JUMP_LABEL, which is defined
like this:
#if defined(CC_HAVE_ASM_GOTO) && defined(CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL)
# define HAVE_JUMP_LABEL
#endif
We can improve this by testing 'asm goto' support in Kconfig, then
make JUMP_LABEL depend on CC_HAS_ASM_GOTO.
Ugly #ifdef HAVE_JUMP_LABEL will go away, and CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL will
match to the real kernel capability.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com>
Dave Hansen