This patch removes the NUMA PTE bits and associated helpers. As a
side-effect it increases the maximum possible swap space on x86-64.
One potential source of problems is races between the marking of PTEs
PROT_NONE, NUMA hinting faults and migration. It must be guaranteed that
a PTE being protected is not faulted in parallel, seen as a pte_none and
corrupting memory. The base case is safe but transhuge has problems in
the past due to an different migration mechanism and a dependance on page
lock to serialise migrations and warrants a closer look.
task_work hinting update parallel fault
------------------------ --------------
change_pmd_range
change_huge_pmd
__pmd_trans_huge_lock
pmdp_get_and_clear
__handle_mm_fault
pmd_none
do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page
read? pmd_lock blocks until hinting complete, fail !pmd_none test
write? __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page acquires pmd_lock, checks pmd_none
pmd_modify
set_pmd_at
task_work hinting update parallel migration
------------------------ ------------------
change_pmd_range
change_huge_pmd
__pmd_trans_huge_lock
pmdp_get_and_clear
__handle_mm_fault
do_huge_pmd_numa_page
migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page
pmd_lock waits for updates to complete, recheck pmd_same
pmd_modify
set_pmd_at
Both of those are safe and the case where a transhuge page is inserted
during a protection update is unchanged. The case where two processes try
migrating at the same time is unchanged by this series so should still be
ok. I could not find a case where we are accidentally depending on the
PTE not being cleared and flushed. If one is missed, it'll manifest as
corruption problems that start triggering shortly after this series is
merged and only happen when NUMA balancing is enabled.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
ppc64 should not be depending on DSISR_PROTFAULT and it's unexpected if
they are triggered. This patch adds warnings just in case they are being
accidentally depended upon.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert existing users of pte_numa and friends to the new helper. Note
that the kernel is broken after this patch is applied until the other page
table modifiers are also altered. This patch layout is to make review
easier.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Automatic NUMA balancing depends on being able to protect PTEs to trap a
fault and gather reference locality information. Very broadly speaking
it would mark PTEs as not present and use another bit to distinguish
between NUMA hinting faults and other types of faults. It was
universally loved by everybody and caused no problems whatsoever. That
last sentence might be a lie.
This series is very heavily based on patches from Linus and Aneesh to
replace the existing PTE/PMD NUMA helper functions with normal change
protections. I did alter and add parts of it but I consider them
relatively minor contributions. At their suggestion, acked-bys are in
there but I've no problem converting them to Signed-off-by if requested.
AFAIK, this has received no testing on ppc64 and I'm depending on Aneesh
for that. I tested trinity under kvm-tool and passed and ran a few
other basic tests. At the time of writing, only the short-lived tests
have completed but testing of V2 indicated that long-term testing had no
surprises. In most cases I'm leaving out detail as it's not that
interesting.
specjbb single JVM: There was negligible performance difference in the
benchmark itself for short runs. However, system activity is
higher and interrupts are much higher over time -- possibly TLB
flushes. Migrations are also higher. Overall, this is more overhead
but considering the problems faced with the old approach I think
we just have to suck it up and find another way of reducing the
overhead.
specjbb multi JVM: Negligible performance difference to the actual benchmark
but like the single JVM case, the system overhead is noticeably
higher. Again, interrupts are a major factor.
autonumabench: This was all over the place and about all that can be
reasonably concluded is that it's different but not necessarily
better or worse.
autonumabench
3.18.0-rc5 3.18.0-rc5
mmotm-20141119 protnone-v3r3
User NUMA01 32380.24 ( 0.00%) 21642.92 ( 33.16%)
User NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 22481.02 ( 0.00%) 22283.22 ( 0.88%)
User NUMA02 3137.00 ( 0.00%) 3116.54 ( 0.65%)
User NUMA02_SMT 1614.03 ( 0.00%) 1543.53 ( 4.37%)
System NUMA01 322.97 ( 0.00%) 1465.89 (-353.88%)
System NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 91.87 ( 0.00%) 49.32 ( 46.32%)
System NUMA02 37.83 ( 0.00%) 14.61 ( 61.38%)
System NUMA02_SMT 7.36 ( 0.00%) 7.45 ( -1.22%)
Elapsed NUMA01 716.63 ( 0.00%) 599.29 ( 16.37%)
Elapsed NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 553.98 ( 0.00%) 539.94 ( 2.53%)
Elapsed NUMA02 83.85 ( 0.00%) 83.04 ( 0.97%)
Elapsed NUMA02_SMT 86.57 ( 0.00%) 79.15 ( 8.57%)
CPU NUMA01 4563.00 ( 0.00%) 3855.00 ( 15.52%)
CPU NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 4074.00 ( 0.00%) 4136.00 ( -1.52%)
CPU NUMA02 3785.00 ( 0.00%) 3770.00 ( 0.40%)
CPU NUMA02_SMT 1872.00 ( 0.00%) 1959.00 ( -4.65%)
System CPU usage of NUMA01 is worse but it's an adverse workload on this
machine so I'm reluctant to conclude that it's a problem that matters. On
the other workloads that are sensible on this machine, system CPU usage is
great. Overall time to complete the benchmark is comparable
3.18.0-rc5 3.18.0-rc5
mmotm-20141119protnone-v3r3
User 59612.50 48586.44
System 460.22 1537.45
Elapsed 1442.20 1304.29
NUMA alloc hit 5075182 5743353
NUMA alloc miss 0 0
NUMA interleave hit 0 0
NUMA alloc local 5075174 5743339
NUMA base PTE updates 637061448 443106883
NUMA huge PMD updates 1243434 864747
NUMA page range updates 1273699656 885857347
NUMA hint faults 1658116 1214277
NUMA hint local faults 959487 754113
NUMA hint local percent 57 62
NUMA pages migrated 5467056 61676398
The NUMA pages migrated look terrible but when I looked at a graph of the
activity over time I see that the massive spike in migration activity was
during NUMA01. This correlates with high system CPU usage and could be
simply down to bad luck but any modifications that affect that workload
would be related to scan rates and migrations, not the protection
mechanism. For all other workloads, migration activity was comparable.
Overall, headline performance figures are comparable but the overhead is
higher, mostly in interrupts. To some extent, higher overhead from this
approach was anticipated but not to this degree. It's going to be
necessary to reduce this again with a separate series in the future. It's
still worth going ahead with this series though as it's likely to avoid
constant headaches with Xen and is probably easier to maintain.
This patch (of 10):
A transhuge NUMA hinting fault may find the page is migrating and should
wait until migration completes. The check is race-prone because the pmd
is deferenced outside of the page lock and while the race is tiny, it'll
be larger if the PMD is cleared while marking PMDs for hinting fault.
This patch closes the race.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Merge tag 'jfs-3.20' of git://github.com/kleikamp/linux-shaggy
Pull jfs updates from David Kleikamp:
"A couple cleanups for jfs"
* tag 'jfs-3.20' of git://github.com/kleikamp/linux-shaggy:
jfs: Deletion of an unnecessary check before the function call "unload_nls"
jfs: get rid of homegrown endianness helpers
Pull nfsd updates from Bruce Fields:
"The main change is the pNFS block server support from Christoph, which
allows an NFS client connected to shared disk to do block IO to the
shared disk in place of NFS reads and writes. This also requires xfs
patches, which should arrive soon through the xfs tree, barring
unexpected problems. Support for other filesystems is also possible
if there's interest.
Thanks also to Chuck Lever for continuing work to get NFS/RDMA into
shape"
* 'for-3.20' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (32 commits)
nfsd: default NFSv4.2 to on
nfsd: pNFS block layout driver
exportfs: add methods for block layout exports
nfsd: add trace events
nfsd: update documentation for pNFS support
nfsd: implement pNFS layout recalls
nfsd: implement pNFS operations
nfsd: make find_any_file available outside nfs4state.c
nfsd: make find/get/put file available outside nfs4state.c
nfsd: make lookup/alloc/unhash_stid available outside nfs4state.c
nfsd: add fh_fsid_match helper
nfsd: move nfsd_fh_match to nfsfh.h
fs: add FL_LAYOUT lease type
fs: track fl_owner for leases
nfs: add LAYOUT_TYPE_MAX enum value
nfsd: factor out a helper to decode nfstime4 values
sunrpc/lockd: fix references to the BKL
nfsd: fix year-2038 nfs4 state problem
svcrdma: Handle additional inline content
svcrdma: Move read list XDR round-up logic
...
This time with:
* Generic page-table framework for ARM IOMMUs using the LPAE page-table
format, ARM-SMMU and Renesas IPMMU make use of it already.
* Break out of the IO virtual address allocator from the Intel IOMMU so
that it can be used by other DMA-API implementations too. The first
user will be the ARM64 common DMA-API implementation for IOMMUs
* Device tree support for Renesas IPMMU
* Various fixes and cleanups all over the place
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Merge tag 'iommu-updates-v3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu
Pull IOMMU updates from Joerg Roedel:
"This time with:
- Generic page-table framework for ARM IOMMUs using the LPAE
page-table format, ARM-SMMU and Renesas IPMMU make use of it
already.
- Break out the IO virtual address allocator from the Intel IOMMU so
that it can be used by other DMA-API implementations too. The
first user will be the ARM64 common DMA-API implementation for
IOMMUs
- Device tree support for Renesas IPMMU
- Various fixes and cleanups all over the place"
* tag 'iommu-updates-v3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/joro/iommu: (36 commits)
iommu/amd: Convert non-returned local variable to boolean when relevant
iommu: Update my email address
iommu/amd: Use wait_event in put_pasid_state_wait
iommu/amd: Fix amd_iommu_free_device()
iommu/arm-smmu: Avoid build warning
iommu/fsl: Various cleanups
iommu/fsl: Use %pa to print phys_addr_t
iommu/omap: Print phys_addr_t using %pa
iommu: Make more drivers depend on COMPILE_TEST
iommu/ipmmu-vmsa: Fix IOMMU lookup when multiple IOMMUs are registered
iommu: Disable on !MMU builds
iommu/fsl: Remove unused fsl_of_pamu_ids[]
iommu/fsl: Fix section mismatch
iommu/ipmmu-vmsa: Use the ARM LPAE page table allocator
iommu: Fix trace_map() to report original iova and original size
iommu/arm-smmu: add support for iova_to_phys through ATS1PR
iopoll: Introduce memory-mapped IO polling macros
iommu/arm-smmu: don't touch the secure STLBIALL register
iommu/arm-smmu: make use of generic LPAE allocator
iommu: io-pgtable-arm: add non-secure quirk
...
- DT unittests for I2C probing and overlays from Pantelis Antoniou
- Remove DT unittest dependency on OF_DYNAMIC from Gaurav Minocha
- Add Tegra compatible strings missing for newer parts from Paul
Walmsley
- Various vendor prefix additions
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Merge tag 'devicetree-for-3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux
Pull DeviceTree changes from Rob Herring:
- DT unittests for I2C probing and overlays from Pantelis Antoniou
- Remove DT unittest dependency on OF_DYNAMIC from Gaurav Minocha
- Add Tegra compatible strings missing for newer parts from Paul
Walmsley
- Various vendor prefix additions
* tag 'devicetree-for-3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/robh/linux:
of: Add vendor prefix for OmniVision Technologies
of: Use ovti for Omnivision
of: Add vendor prefix for Truly Semiconductors Limited
of: Add vendor prefix for Himax Technologies Inc.
of/fdt: fix sparse warning
of: unitest: Add I2C overlay unit tests.
Documentation: DT: document compatible string existence requirement
Documentation: DT bindings: add nvidia, tegra132-denver compatible string
Documentation: DT bindings: add more Tegra chip compatible strings
of: EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL of_property_read_u64_array
of: Fix brace position for struct of_device_id definition
of/unittest: Remove obsolete code
dt-bindings: use isil prefix for Intersil in vendor-prefixes.txt
Add AD Holdings Plc. to vendor-prefixes.
dt-bindings: Add Silicon Mitus vendor prefix
Removes OF_UNITTEST dependency on OF_DYNAMIC config symbol
pinctrl: fix up device tree bindings
DT: Vendors: Add Everspin
doc: add bindings document for altera fpga manager
drivers: of: Export of_reserved_mem_device_{init,release}
Pull ARM updates from Russell King:
- clang assembly fixes from Ard
- optimisations and cleanups for Aurora L2 cache support
- efficient L2 cache support for secure monitor API on Exynos SoCs
- debug menu cleanup from Daniel Thompson to allow better behaviour for
multiplatform kernels
- StrongARM SA11x0 conversion to irq domains, and pxa_timer
- kprobes updates for older ARM CPUs
- move probes support out of arch/arm/kernel to arch/arm/probes
- add inline asm support for the rbit (reverse bits) instruction
- provide an ARM mode secondary CPU entry point (for Qualcomm CPUs)
- remove the unused ARMv3 user access code
- add driver_override support to AMBA Primecell bus
* 'for-linus' of git://ftp.arm.linux.org.uk/~rmk/linux-arm: (55 commits)
ARM: 8256/1: driver coamba: add device binding path 'driver_override'
ARM: 8301/1: qcom: Use secondary_startup_arm()
ARM: 8302/1: Add a secondary_startup that assumes ARM mode
ARM: 8300/1: teach __asmeq that r11 == fp and r12 == ip
ARM: kprobes: Fix compilation error caused by superfluous '*'
ARM: 8297/1: cache-l2x0: optimize aurora range operations
ARM: 8296/1: cache-l2x0: clean up aurora cache handling
ARM: 8284/1: sa1100: clear RCSR_SMR on resume
ARM: 8283/1: sa1100: collie: clear PWER register on machine init
ARM: 8282/1: sa1100: use handle_domain_irq
ARM: 8281/1: sa1100: move GPIO-related IRQ code to gpio driver
ARM: 8280/1: sa1100: switch to irq_domain_add_simple()
ARM: 8279/1: sa1100: merge both GPIO irqdomains
ARM: 8278/1: sa1100: split irq handling for low GPIOs
ARM: 8291/1: replace magic number with PAGE_SHIFT macro in fixup_pv code
ARM: 8290/1: decompressor: fix a wrong comment
ARM: 8286/1: mm: Fix dma_contiguous_reserve comment
ARM: 8248/1: pm: remove outdated comment
ARM: 8274/1: Fix DEBUG_LL for multi-platform kernels (without PL01X)
ARM: 8273/1: Seperate DEBUG_UART_PHYS from DEBUG_LL on EP93XX
...
o Several clean ups to the code
One such clean up was to convert to 64 bit time keeping, in the
ring buffer benchmark code.
o Adding of __print_array() helper macro for TRACE_EVENT()
o Updating the sample/trace_events/ to add samples of different ways to
make trace events. Lots of features have been added since the sample
code was made, and these features are mostly unknown. Developers
have been making their own hacks to do things that are already available.
o Performance improvements. Most notably, I found a performance bug where
a waiter that is waiting for a full page from the ring buffer will
see that a full page is not available, and go to sleep. The sched
event caused by it going to sleep would cause it to wake up again.
It would see that there was still not a full page, and go back to sleep
again, and that would wake it up again, until finally it would see a
full page. This change has been marked for stable.
Other improvements include removing global locks from fast paths.
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Merge tag 'trace-v3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace
Pull tracing updates from Steven Rostedt:
"The updates included in this pull request for ftrace are:
o Several clean ups to the code
One such clean up was to convert to 64 bit time keeping, in the
ring buffer benchmark code.
o Adding of __print_array() helper macro for TRACE_EVENT()
o Updating the sample/trace_events/ to add samples of different ways
to make trace events. Lots of features have been added since the
sample code was made, and these features are mostly unknown.
Developers have been making their own hacks to do things that are
already available.
o Performance improvements. Most notably, I found a performance bug
where a waiter that is waiting for a full page from the ring buffer
will see that a full page is not available, and go to sleep. The
sched event caused by it going to sleep would cause it to wake up
again. It would see that there was still not a full page, and go
back to sleep again, and that would wake it up again, until finally
it would see a full page. This change has been marked for stable.
Other improvements include removing global locks from fast paths"
* tag 'trace-v3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-trace:
ring-buffer: Do not wake up a splice waiter when page is not full
tracing: Fix unmapping loop in tracing_mark_write
tracing: Add samples of DECLARE_EVENT_CLASS() and DEFINE_EVENT()
tracing: Add TRACE_EVENT_FN example
tracing: Add TRACE_EVENT_CONDITION sample
tracing: Update the TRACE_EVENT fields available in the sample code
tracing: Separate out initializing top level dir from instances
tracing: Make tracing_init_dentry_tr() static
trace: Use 64-bit timekeeping
tracing: Add array printing helper
tracing: Remove newline from trace_printk warning banner
tracing: Use IS_ERR() check for return value of tracing_init_dentry()
tracing: Remove unneeded includes of debugfs.h and fs.h
tracing: Remove taking of trace_types_lock in pipe files
tracing: Add ref count to tracer for when they are being read by pipe
o Added timings to various parts of the test (build, install,
boot, tests) and report them so that the users can keep
track of changes.
o Josh Poimboeuf fixed the console output to work better with
virtual machine targets.
o Various clean ups and fixes
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Merge tag 'ktest-v3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-ktest
Pull ktest updates from Steven Rostedt:
"The following ktest updates were done:
o Added timings to various parts of the test (build, install, boot,
tests) and report them so that the users can keep track of changes.
o Josh Poimboeuf fixed the console output to work better with virtual
machine targets.
o Various clean ups and fixes"
* tag 'ktest-v3.20' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rostedt/linux-ktest:
ktest: Place quotes around item variable
ktest: Cleanup terminal on dodie() failure
ktest: Print build,install,boot,test times at success and failure
ktest: Enable user input to the console
ktest: Give console process a dedicated tty
ktest: Rename start_monitor_and_boot to start_monitor_and_install
ktest: Show times for build, install, boot and test
ktest: Restore tty settings after closing console
ktest: Add timings for commands
Pull security layer updates from James Morris:
"Highlights:
- Smack adds secmark support for Netfilter
- /proc/keys is now mandatory if CONFIG_KEYS=y
- TPM gets its own device class
- Added TPM 2.0 support
- Smack file hook rework (all Smack users should review this!)"
* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jmorris/linux-security: (64 commits)
cipso: don't use IPCB() to locate the CIPSO IP option
SELinux: fix error code in policydb_init()
selinux: add security in-core xattr support for pstore and debugfs
selinux: quiet the filesystem labeling behavior message
selinux: Remove unused function avc_sidcmp()
ima: /proc/keys is now mandatory
Smack: Repair netfilter dependency
X.509: silence asn1 compiler debug output
X.509: shut up about included cert for silent build
KEYS: Make /proc/keys unconditional if CONFIG_KEYS=y
MAINTAINERS: email update
tpm/tpm_tis: Add missing ifdef CONFIG_ACPI for pnp_acpi_device
smack: fix possible use after frees in task_security() callers
smack: Add missing logging in bidirectional UDS connect check
Smack: secmark support for netfilter
Smack: Rework file hooks
tpm: fix format string error in tpm-chip.c
char/tpm/tpm_crb: fix build error
smack: Fix a bidirectional UDS connect check typo
smack: introduce a special case for tmpfs in smack_d_instantiate()
...
Pull audit fix from Paul Moore:
"Just one patch from the audit tree for v3.20, and a very minor one at
that.
The patch simply removes an old, unused field from the audit_krule
structure, a private audit-only struct. In audit related news, we did
a proper overhaul of the audit pathname code and removed the nasty
getname()/putname() hacks for audit, you should see those patches in
Al's vfs tree if you haven't already.
That's it for audit this time, let's hope for a quiet -rcX series"
* 'upstream' of git://git.infradead.org/users/pcmoore/audit:
audit: remove vestiges of vers_ops
Merge second set of updates from Andrew Morton:
"More of MM"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (83 commits)
mm/nommu.c: fix arithmetic overflow in __vm_enough_memory()
mm/mmap.c: fix arithmetic overflow in __vm_enough_memory()
vmstat: Reduce time interval to stat update on idle cpu
mm/page_owner.c: remove unnecessary stack_trace field
Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt: describe /proc/<pid>/map_files
mm: incorporate read-only pages into transparent huge pages
vmstat: do not use deferrable delayed work for vmstat_update
mm: more aggressive page stealing for UNMOVABLE allocations
mm: always steal split buddies in fallback allocations
mm: when stealing freepages, also take pages created by splitting buddy page
mincore: apply page table walker on do_mincore()
mm: /proc/pid/clear_refs: avoid split_huge_page()
mm: pagewalk: fix misbehavior of walk_page_range for vma(VM_PFNMAP)
mempolicy: apply page table walker on queue_pages_range()
arch/powerpc/mm/subpage-prot.c: use walk->vma and walk_page_vma()
memcg: cleanup preparation for page table walk
numa_maps: remove numa_maps->vma
numa_maps: fix typo in gather_hugetbl_stats
pagemap: use walk->vma instead of calling find_vma()
clear_refs: remove clear_refs_private->vma and introduce clear_refs_test_walk()
...
Including:
- Update of all defconfigs
- Addition of a bunch of config options to modernise our defconfigs
- Some PS3 updates from Geoff
- Optimised memcmp for 64 bit from Anton
- Fix for kprobes that allows 'perf probe' to work from Naveen
- Several cxl updates from Ian & Ryan
- Expanded support for the '24x7' PMU from Cody & Sukadev
- Freescale updates from Scott:
"Highlights include 8xx optimizations, some more work on datapath device
tree content, e300 machine check support, t1040 corenet error reporting,
and various cleanups and fixes."
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Merge tag 'powerpc-3.20-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mpe/linux
Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
- Update of all defconfigs
- Addition of a bunch of config options to modernise our defconfigs
- Some PS3 updates from Geoff
- Optimised memcmp for 64 bit from Anton
- Fix for kprobes that allows 'perf probe' to work from Naveen
- Several cxl updates from Ian & Ryan
- Expanded support for the '24x7' PMU from Cody & Sukadev
- Freescale updates from Scott:
"Highlights include 8xx optimizations, some more work on datapath
device tree content, e300 machine check support, t1040 corenet
error reporting, and various cleanups and fixes"
* tag 'powerpc-3.20-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mpe/linux: (102 commits)
cxl: Add missing return statement after handling AFU errror
cxl: Fail AFU initialisation if an invalid configuration record is found
cxl: Export optional AFU configuration record in sysfs
powerpc/mm: Warn on flushing tlb page in kernel context
powerpc/powernv: Add OPAL soft-poweroff routine
powerpc/perf/hv-24x7: Document sysfs event description entries
powerpc/perf/hv-gpci: add the remaining gpci requests
powerpc/perf/{hv-gpci, hv-common}: generate requests with counters annotated
powerpc/perf/hv-24x7: parse catalog and populate sysfs with events
perf: define EVENT_DEFINE_RANGE_FORMAT_LITE helper
perf: add PMU_EVENT_ATTR_STRING() helper
perf: provide sysfs_show for struct perf_pmu_events_attr
powerpc/kernel: Avoid initializing device-tree pointer twice
powerpc: Remove old compile time disabled syscall tracing code
powerpc/kernel: Make syscall_exit a local label
cxl: Fix device_node reference counting
powerpc/mm: bail out early when flushing TLB page
powerpc: defconfigs: add MTD_SPI_NOR (new dependency for M25P80)
perf/powerpc: reset event hw state when adding it to the PMU
powerpc/qe: Use strlcpy()
...
- reimplementation of the virtual remapping of UEFI Runtime Services in
a way that is stable across kexec
- emulation of the "setend" instruction for 32-bit tasks (user
endianness switching trapped in the kernel, SCTLR_EL1.E0E bit set
accordingly)
- compat_sys_call_table implemented in C (from asm) and made it a
constant array together with sys_call_table
- export CPU cache information via /sys (like other architectures)
- DMA API implementation clean-up in preparation for IOMMU support
- macros clean-up for KVM
- dropped some unnecessary cache+tlb maintenance
- CONFIG_ARM64_CPU_SUSPEND clean-up
- defconfig update (CPU_IDLE)
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Merge tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux
Pull arm64 updates from Catalin Marinas:
"arm64 updates for 3.20:
- reimplementation of the virtual remapping of UEFI Runtime Services
in a way that is stable across kexec
- emulation of the "setend" instruction for 32-bit tasks (user
endianness switching trapped in the kernel, SCTLR_EL1.E0E bit set
accordingly)
- compat_sys_call_table implemented in C (from asm) and made it a
constant array together with sys_call_table
- export CPU cache information via /sys (like other architectures)
- DMA API implementation clean-up in preparation for IOMMU support
- macros clean-up for KVM
- dropped some unnecessary cache+tlb maintenance
- CONFIG_ARM64_CPU_SUSPEND clean-up
- defconfig update (CPU_IDLE)
The EFI changes going via the arm64 tree have been acked by Matt
Fleming. There is also a patch adding sys_*stat64 prototypes to
include/linux/syscalls.h, acked by Andrew Morton"
* tag 'arm64-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm64/linux: (47 commits)
arm64: compat: Remove incorrect comment in compat_siginfo
arm64: Fix section mismatch on alloc_init_p[mu]d()
arm64: Avoid breakage caused by .altmacro in fpsimd save/restore macros
arm64: mm: use *_sect to check for section maps
arm64: drop unnecessary cache+tlb maintenance
arm64:mm: free the useless initial page table
arm64: Enable CPU_IDLE in defconfig
arm64: kernel: remove ARM64_CPU_SUSPEND config option
arm64: make sys_call_table const
arm64: Remove asm/syscalls.h
arm64: Implement the compat_sys_call_table in C
syscalls: Declare sys_*stat64 prototypes if __ARCH_WANT_(COMPAT_)STAT64
compat: Declare compat_sys_sigpending and compat_sys_sigprocmask prototypes
arm64: uapi: expose our struct ucontext to the uapi headers
smp, ARM64: Kill SMP single function call interrupt
arm64: Emulate SETEND for AArch32 tasks
arm64: Consolidate hotplug notifier for instruction emulation
arm64: Track system support for mixed endian EL0
arm64: implement generic IOMMU configuration
arm64: Combine coherent and non-coherent swiotlb dma_ops
...
Pull s390 updates from Martin Schwidefsky:
- The remaining patches for the z13 machine support: kernel build
option for z13, the cache synonym avoidance, SMT support,
compare-and-delay for spinloops and the CES5S crypto adapater.
- The ftrace support for function tracing with the gcc hotpatch option.
This touches common code Makefiles, Steven is ok with the changes.
- The hypfs file system gets an extension to access diagnose 0x0c data
in user space for performance analysis for Linux running under z/VM.
- The iucv hvc console gets wildcard spport for the user id filtering.
- The cacheinfo code is converted to use the generic infrastructure.
- Cleanup and bug fixes.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: (42 commits)
s390/process: free vx save area when releasing tasks
s390/hypfs: Eliminate hypfs interval
s390/hypfs: Add diagnose 0c support
s390/cacheinfo: don't use smp_processor_id() in preemptible context
s390/zcrypt: fixed domain scanning problem (again)
s390/smp: increase maximum value of NR_CPUS to 512
s390/jump label: use different nop instruction
s390/jump label: add sanity checks
s390/mm: correct missing space when reporting user process faults
s390/dasd: cleanup profiling
s390/dasd: add locking for global_profile access
s390/ftrace: hotpatch support for function tracing
ftrace: let notrace function attribute disable hotpatching if necessary
ftrace: allow architectures to specify ftrace compile options
s390: reintroduce diag 44 calls for cpu_relax()
s390/zcrypt: Add support for new crypto express (CEX5S) adapter.
s390/zcrypt: Number of supported ap domains is not retrievable.
s390/spinlock: add compare-and-delay to lock wait loops
s390/tape: remove redundant if statement
s390/hvc_iucv: add simple wildcard matches to the iucv allow filter
...
Highlights incluse:
Features:
- Removing the forced serialisation of open()/close() calls in NFSv4.x (x>0)
makes for a significant performance improvement in metadata intensive
workloads.
- Full support for the pNFS "flexible files" layout type
- Further RPC/RDMA client improvements from Chuck
Bugfixes:
- Stable fix: NFSv4.1 backchannel calls blocking operations with !TASK_RUNNING
- Stable fix: pnfs_generic_pg_init_read/write can be called with lseg == NULL
- Stable fix: Fix an Oopsable condition when nsm_mon_unmon is called as part
of the namespace cleanup,
- Stable fix: Ensure we reference the inode for return-on-close in delegreturn
- Use SO_REUSEPORT to ensure that NFSv3 TCP connections can rebind to the
same source address/port combination during a disconnect/reconnect event.
This is a requirement imposed by most NFSv3 server duplicate reply cache
implementations.
Optimisations:
- Ask for no NFSv4.1 delegations on OPEN if using O_DIRECT
Other:
- Add Anna Schumaker as co-maintainer for the NFS client
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Merge tag 'nfs-for-3.20-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs
Pull NFS client updates from Trond Myklebust:
"Highlights incluse:
Features:
- Removing the forced serialisation of open()/close() calls in
NFSv4.x (x>0) makes for a significant performance improvement in
metadata intensive workloads.
- Full support for the pNFS "flexible files" layout type
- Further RPC/RDMA client improvements from Chuck
Bugfixes:
- Stable fix: NFSv4.1 backchannel calls blocking operations with !TASK_RUNNING
- Stable fix: pnfs_generic_pg_init_read/write can be called with lseg == NULL
- Stable fix: Fix an Oopsable condition when nsm_mon_unmon is called
as part of the namespace cleanup,
- Stable fix: Ensure we reference the inode for return-on-close in
delegreturn
- Use SO_REUSEPORT to ensure that NFSv3 TCP connections can rebind to
the same source address/port combination during a disconnect/
reconnect event. This is a requirement imposed by most NFSv3
server duplicate reply cache implementations.
Optimisations:
- Ask for no NFSv4.1 delegations on OPEN if using O_DIRECT
Other:
- Add Anna Schumaker as co-maintainer for the NFS client"
* tag 'nfs-for-3.20-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs: (119 commits)
SUNRPC: Cleanup to remove xs_tcp_close()
pnfs: delete an unintended goto
pnfs/flexfiles: Do not dprintk after the free
SUNRPC: Fix stupid typo in xs_sock_set_reuseport
SUNRPC: Define xs_tcp_fin_timeout only if CONFIG_SUNRPC_DEBUG
SUNRPC: Handle connection reset more efficiently.
SUNRPC: Remove the redundant XPRT_CONNECTION_CLOSE flag
SUNRPC: Make xs_tcp_close() do a socket shutdown rather than a sock_release
SUNRPC: Ensure xs_tcp_shutdown() requests a full close of the connection
SUNRPC: Cleanup to remove remaining uses of XPRT_CONNECTION_ABORT
SUNRPC: Remove TCP socket linger code
SUNRPC: Remove TCP client connection reset hack
SUNRPC: TCP/UDP always close the old socket before reconnecting
SUNRPC: Add helpers to prevent socket create from racing
SUNRPC: Ensure xs_reset_transport() resets the close connection flags
SUNRPC: Do not clear the source port in xs_reset_transport
SUNRPC: Handle EADDRINUSE on connect
SUNRPC: Set SO_REUSEPORT socket option for TCP connections
NFSv4.1: Fix pnfs_put_lseg races
NFSv4.1: pnfs_send_layoutreturn should use GFP_NOFS
...
I noticed that "allowed" can easily overflow by falling below 0, because
(total_vm / 32) can be larger than "allowed". The problem occurs in
OVERCOMMIT_NONE mode.
In this case, a huge allocation can success and overcommit the system
(despite OVERCOMMIT_NONE mode). All subsequent allocations will fall
(system-wide), so system become unusable.
The problem was masked out by commit c9b1d0981f
("mm: limit growth of 3% hardcoded other user reserve"),
but it's easy to reproduce it on older kernels:
1) set overcommit_memory sysctl to 2
2) mmap() large file multiple times (with VM_SHARED flag)
3) try to malloc() large amount of memory
It also can be reproduced on newer kernels, but miss-configured
sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes is required.
Fix this issue by switching to signed arithmetic here.
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <klamm@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Andrew Shewmaker <agshew@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I noticed, that "allowed" can easily overflow by falling below 0,
because (total_vm / 32) can be larger than "allowed". The problem
occurs in OVERCOMMIT_NONE mode.
In this case, a huge allocation can success and overcommit the system
(despite OVERCOMMIT_NONE mode). All subsequent allocations will fall
(system-wide), so system become unusable.
The problem was masked out by commit c9b1d0981f
("mm: limit growth of 3% hardcoded other user reserve"),
but it's easy to reproduce it on older kernels:
1) set overcommit_memory sysctl to 2
2) mmap() large file multiple times (with VM_SHARED flag)
3) try to malloc() large amount of memory
It also can be reproduced on newer kernels, but miss-configured
sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes is required.
Fix this issue by switching to signed arithmetic here.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use min_t]
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <klamm@yandex-team.ru>
Cc: Andrew Shewmaker <agshew@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It was noted that the vm stat shepherd runs every 2 seconds and that the
vmstat update is then scheduled 2 seconds in the future.
This yields an interval of double the time interval which is not desired.
Change the shepherd so that it does not delay the vmstat update on the
other cpu. We stil have to use schedule_delayed_work since we are using a
delayed_work_struct but we can set the delay to 0.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Vinayak Menon <vinmenon@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Page owner uses the page_ext structure to keep meta-information for every
page in the system. The structure also contains a field of type 'struct
stack_trace', page owner uses this field during invocation of the function
save_stack_trace. It is easy to notice that keeping a copy of this
structure for every page in the system is very inefficiently in terms of
memory.
The patch removes this unnecessary field of page_ext and forces page owner
to use a stack_trace structure allocated on the stack.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use struct initializers]
Signed-off-by: Sergei Rogachev <rogachevsergei@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch aims to improve THP collapse rates, by allowing THP collapse in
the presence of read-only ptes, like those left in place by do_swap_page
after a read fault.
Currently THP can collapse 4kB pages into a THP when there are up to
khugepaged_max_ptes_none pte_none ptes in a 2MB range. This patch applies
the same limit for read-only ptes.
The patch was tested with a test program that allocates 800MB of memory,
writes to it, and then sleeps. I force the system to swap out all but
190MB of the program by touching other memory. Afterwards, the test
program does a mix of reads and writes to its memory, and the memory gets
swapped back in.
Without the patch, only the memory that did not get swapped out remained
in THPs, which corresponds to 24% of the memory of the program. The
percentage did not increase over time.
With this patch, after 5 minutes of waiting khugepaged had collapsed 50%
of the program's memory back into THPs.
Test results:
With the patch:
After swapped out:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 100464 kB
AnonHugePages: 100352 kB
Swap: 699540 kB
Fraction: 99,88
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 1754448 kB
AnonHugePages: 1716224 kB
Fraction: 97,82
After swapped in:
In a few seconds:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 800004 kB
AnonHugePages: 145408 kB
Swap: 0 kB
Fraction: 18,17
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 2455016 kB
AnonHugePages: 1761280 kB
Fraction: 71,74
In 5 minutes:
cat /proc/pid/smaps
Anonymous: 800004 kB
AnonHugePages: 407552 kB
Swap: 0 kB
Fraction: 50,94
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 2456872 kB
AnonHugePages: 2023424 kB
Fraction: 82,35
Without the patch:
After swapped out:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 190660 kB
AnonHugePages: 190464 kB
Swap: 609344 kB
Fraction: 99,89
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 1740456 kB
AnonHugePages: 1667072 kB
Fraction: 95,78
After swapped in:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 800004 kB
AnonHugePages: 190464 kB
Swap: 0 kB
Fraction: 23,80
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 2350032 kB
AnonHugePages: 1667072 kB
Fraction: 70,93
I waited 10 minutes the fractions did not change without the patch.
Signed-off-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Vinayak Menon has reported that an excessive number of tasks was throttled
in the direct reclaim inside too_many_isolated() because NR_ISOLATED_FILE
was relatively high compared to NR_INACTIVE_FILE. However it turned out
that the real number of NR_ISOLATED_FILE was 0 and the per-cpu
vm_stat_diff wasn't transferred into the global counter.
vmstat_work which is responsible for the sync is defined as deferrable
delayed work which means that the defined timeout doesn't wake up an idle
CPU. A CPU might stay in an idle state for a long time and general effort
is to keep such a CPU in this state as long as possible which might lead
to all sorts of troubles for vmstat consumers as can be seen with the
excessive direct reclaim throttling.
This patch basically reverts 39bf6270f5 ("VM statistics: Make timer
deferrable") but it shouldn't cause any problems for idle CPUs because
only CPUs with an active per-cpu drift are woken up since 7cc36bbddd
("vmstat: on-demand vmstat workers v8") and CPUs which are idle for a
longer time shouldn't have per-cpu drift.
Fixes: 39bf6270f5 (VM statistics: Make timer deferrable)
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reported-by: Vinayak Menon <vinmenon@codeaurora.org>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When allocation falls back to stealing free pages of another migratetype,
it can decide to steal extra pages, or even the whole pageblock in order
to reduce fragmentation, which could happen if further allocation
fallbacks pick a different pageblock. In try_to_steal_freepages(), one of
the situations where extra pages are stolen happens when we are trying to
allocate a MIGRATE_RECLAIMABLE page.
However, MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE allocations are not treated the same way,
although spreading such allocation over multiple fallback pageblocks is
arguably even worse than it is for RECLAIMABLE allocations. To minimize
fragmentation, we should minimize the number of such fallbacks, and thus
steal as much as is possible from each fallback pageblock.
Note that in theory this might put more pressure on movable pageblocks and
cause movable allocations to steal back from unmovable pageblocks.
However, movable allocations are not as aggressive with stealing, and do
not cause permanent fragmentation, so the tradeoff is reasonable, and
evaluation seems to support the change.
This patch thus adds a check for MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE to the decision to
steal extra free pages. When evaluating with stress-highalloc from
mmtests, this has reduced the number of MIGRATE_UNMOVABLE fallbacks to
roughly 1/6. The number of these fallbacks stealing from MIGRATE_MOVABLE
block is reduced to 1/3. There was no observation of growing number of
unmovable pageblocks over time, and also not of increased movable
allocation fallbacks.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When allocation falls back to another migratetype, it will steal a page
with highest available order, and (depending on this order and desired
migratetype), it might also steal the rest of free pages from the same
pageblock.
Given the preference of highest available order, it is likely that it will
be higher than the desired order, and result in the stolen buddy page
being split. The remaining pages after split are currently stolen only
when the rest of the free pages are stolen. This can however lead to
situations where for MOVABLE allocations we split e.g. order-4 fallback
UNMOVABLE page, but steal only order-0 page. Then on the next MOVABLE
allocation (which may be batched to fill the pcplists) we split another
order-3 or higher page, etc. By stealing all pages that we have split, we
can avoid further stealing.
This patch therefore adjusts the page stealing so that buddy pages created
by split are always stolen. This has effect only on MOVABLE allocations,
as RECLAIMABLE and UNMOVABLE allocations already always do that in
addition to stealing the rest of free pages from the pageblock. The
change also allows to simplify try_to_steal_freepages() and factor out CMA
handling.
According to Mel, it has been intended since the beginning that buddy
pages after split would be stolen always, but it doesn't seem like it was
ever the case until commit 47118af076 ("mm: mmzone: MIGRATE_CMA
migration type added"). The commit has unintentionally introduced this
behavior, but was reverted by commit 0cbef29a78 ("mm:
__rmqueue_fallback() should respect pageblock type"). Neither included
evaluation.
My evaluation with stress-highalloc from mmtests shows about 2.5x
reduction of page stealing events for MOVABLE allocations, without
affecting the page stealing events for other allocation migratetypes.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When studying page stealing, I noticed some weird looking decisions in
try_to_steal_freepages(). The first I assume is a bug (Patch 1), the
following two patches were driven by evaluation.
Testing was done with stress-highalloc of mmtests, using the
mm_page_alloc_extfrag tracepoint and postprocessing to get counts of how
often page stealing occurs for individual migratetypes, and what
migratetypes are used for fallbacks. Arguably, the worst case of page
stealing is when UNMOVABLE allocation steals from MOVABLE pageblock.
RECLAIMABLE allocation stealing from MOVABLE allocation is also not ideal,
so the goal is to minimize these two cases.
The evaluation of v2 wasn't always clear win and Joonsoo questioned the
results. Here I used different baseline which includes RFC compaction
improvements from [1]. I found that the compaction improvements reduce
variability of stress-highalloc, so there's less noise in the data.
First, let's look at stress-highalloc configured to do sync compaction,
and how these patches reduce page stealing events during the test. First
column is after fresh reboot, other two are reiterations of test without
reboot. That was all accumulater over 5 re-iterations (so the benchmark
was run 5x3 times with 5 fresh restarts).
Baseline:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
5-nothp-1 5-nothp-2 5-nothp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 10264225 8702233 10244125
Extfrag fragmenting 10263271 8701552 10243473
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 13595 17616 15960
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 7989 12193 8447
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 658 1840 1817
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 558 1677 1679
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 10249018 8682096 10225696
With Patch 1:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
6-nothp-1 6-nothp-2 6-nothp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 11834954 9877523 9774860
Extfrag fragmenting 11833993 9876880 9774245
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 7342 16129 11712
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 4191 10547 6270
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 373 1130 923
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 302 906 738
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 11826278 9859621 9761610
With Patch 2:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
7-nothp-1 7-nothp-2 7-nothp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 4725990 3668793 3807436
Extfrag fragmenting 4725104 3668252 3806898
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 6678 7974 7281
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 2051 3829 4017
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 429 1208 1278
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 369 976 1034
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 4717997 3659070 3798339
With Patch 3:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
8-nothp-1 8-nothp-2 8-nothp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 5016183 4700142 3850633
Extfrag fragmenting 5015325 4699613 3850072
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 1312 3154 3088
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 1115 2777 2714
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 437 1193 1097
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 330 969 879
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 5013576 4695266 3845887
In v2 we've seen apparent regression with Patch 1 for unmovable events,
this is now gone, suggesting it was indeed noise. Here, each patch
improves the situation for unmovable events. Reclaimable is improved by
patch 1 and then either the same modulo noise, or perhaps sligtly worse -
a small price for unmovable improvements, IMHO. The number of movable
allocations falling back to other migratetypes is most noisy, but it's
reduced to half at Patch 2 nevertheless. These are least critical as
compaction can move them around.
If we look at success rates, the patches don't affect them, that didn't change.
Baseline:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
5-nothp-1 5-nothp-2 5-nothp-3
Success 1 Min 49.00 ( 0.00%) 42.00 ( 14.29%) 41.00 ( 16.33%)
Success 1 Mean 51.00 ( 0.00%) 45.00 ( 11.76%) 42.60 ( 16.47%)
Success 1 Max 55.00 ( 0.00%) 51.00 ( 7.27%) 46.00 ( 16.36%)
Success 2 Min 53.00 ( 0.00%) 47.00 ( 11.32%) 44.00 ( 16.98%)
Success 2 Mean 59.60 ( 0.00%) 50.80 ( 14.77%) 48.20 ( 19.13%)
Success 2 Max 64.00 ( 0.00%) 56.00 ( 12.50%) 52.00 ( 18.75%)
Success 3 Min 84.00 ( 0.00%) 82.00 ( 2.38%) 78.00 ( 7.14%)
Success 3 Mean 85.60 ( 0.00%) 82.80 ( 3.27%) 79.40 ( 7.24%)
Success 3 Max 86.00 ( 0.00%) 83.00 ( 3.49%) 80.00 ( 6.98%)
Patch 1:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
6-nothp-1 6-nothp-2 6-nothp-3
Success 1 Min 49.00 ( 0.00%) 44.00 ( 10.20%) 44.00 ( 10.20%)
Success 1 Mean 51.80 ( 0.00%) 46.00 ( 11.20%) 45.80 ( 11.58%)
Success 1 Max 54.00 ( 0.00%) 49.00 ( 9.26%) 49.00 ( 9.26%)
Success 2 Min 58.00 ( 0.00%) 49.00 ( 15.52%) 48.00 ( 17.24%)
Success 2 Mean 60.40 ( 0.00%) 51.80 ( 14.24%) 50.80 ( 15.89%)
Success 2 Max 63.00 ( 0.00%) 54.00 ( 14.29%) 55.00 ( 12.70%)
Success 3 Min 84.00 ( 0.00%) 81.00 ( 3.57%) 79.00 ( 5.95%)
Success 3 Mean 85.00 ( 0.00%) 81.60 ( 4.00%) 79.80 ( 6.12%)
Success 3 Max 86.00 ( 0.00%) 82.00 ( 4.65%) 82.00 ( 4.65%)
Patch 2:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
7-nothp-1 7-nothp-2 7-nothp-3
Success 1 Min 50.00 ( 0.00%) 44.00 ( 12.00%) 39.00 ( 22.00%)
Success 1 Mean 52.80 ( 0.00%) 45.60 ( 13.64%) 42.40 ( 19.70%)
Success 1 Max 55.00 ( 0.00%) 46.00 ( 16.36%) 47.00 ( 14.55%)
Success 2 Min 52.00 ( 0.00%) 48.00 ( 7.69%) 45.00 ( 13.46%)
Success 2 Mean 53.40 ( 0.00%) 49.80 ( 6.74%) 48.80 ( 8.61%)
Success 2 Max 57.00 ( 0.00%) 52.00 ( 8.77%) 52.00 ( 8.77%)
Success 3 Min 84.00 ( 0.00%) 81.00 ( 3.57%) 79.00 ( 5.95%)
Success 3 Mean 85.00 ( 0.00%) 82.40 ( 3.06%) 79.60 ( 6.35%)
Success 3 Max 86.00 ( 0.00%) 83.00 ( 3.49%) 80.00 ( 6.98%)
Patch 3:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
8-nothp-1 8-nothp-2 8-nothp-3
Success 1 Min 46.00 ( 0.00%) 44.00 ( 4.35%) 42.00 ( 8.70%)
Success 1 Mean 50.20 ( 0.00%) 45.60 ( 9.16%) 44.00 ( 12.35%)
Success 1 Max 52.00 ( 0.00%) 47.00 ( 9.62%) 47.00 ( 9.62%)
Success 2 Min 53.00 ( 0.00%) 49.00 ( 7.55%) 48.00 ( 9.43%)
Success 2 Mean 55.80 ( 0.00%) 50.60 ( 9.32%) 49.00 ( 12.19%)
Success 2 Max 59.00 ( 0.00%) 52.00 ( 11.86%) 51.00 ( 13.56%)
Success 3 Min 84.00 ( 0.00%) 80.00 ( 4.76%) 79.00 ( 5.95%)
Success 3 Mean 85.40 ( 0.00%) 81.60 ( 4.45%) 80.40 ( 5.85%)
Success 3 Max 87.00 ( 0.00%) 83.00 ( 4.60%) 82.00 ( 5.75%)
While there's no improvement here, I consider reduced fragmentation events
to be worth on its own. Patch 2 also seems to reduce scanning for free
pages, and migrations in compaction, suggesting it has somewhat less work
to do:
Patch 1:
Compaction stalls 4153 3959 3978
Compaction success 1523 1441 1446
Compaction failures 2630 2517 2531
Page migrate success 4600827 4943120 5104348
Page migrate failure 19763 16656 17806
Compaction pages isolated 9597640 10305617 10653541
Compaction migrate scanned 77828948 86533283 87137064
Compaction free scanned 517758295 521312840 521462251
Compaction cost 5503 5932 6110
Patch 2:
Compaction stalls 3800 3450 3518
Compaction success 1421 1316 1317
Compaction failures 2379 2134 2201
Page migrate success 4160421 4502708 4752148
Page migrate failure 19705 14340 14911
Compaction pages isolated 8731983 9382374 9910043
Compaction migrate scanned 98362797 96349194 98609686
Compaction free scanned 496512560 469502017 480442545
Compaction cost 5173 5526 5811
As with v2, /proc/pagetypeinfo appears unaffected with respect to numbers
of unmovable and reclaimable pageblocks.
Configuring the benchmark to allocate like THP page fault (i.e. no sync
compaction) gives much noisier results for iterations 2 and 3 after
reboot. This is not so surprising given how [1] offers lower improvements
in this scenario due to less restarts after deferred compaction which
would change compaction pivot.
Baseline:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
5-thp-1 5-thp-2 5-thp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 8148965 6227815 6646741
Extfrag fragmenting 8147872 6227130 6646117
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 10324 12942 15975
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 5972 8495 10907
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 601 1707 2210
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 520 1570 2000
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 8136947 6212481 6627932
Patch 1:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
6-thp-1 6-thp-2 6-thp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 8345457 7574471 7020419
Extfrag fragmenting 8343546 7573777 7019718
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 10256 18535 30716
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 6893 11726 22181
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 465 1208 1023
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 353 996 843
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 8332825 7554034 6987979
Patch 2:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
7-thp-1 7-thp-2 7-thp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 3512847 3020756 2891625
Extfrag fragmenting 3511940 3020185 2891059
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 9017 6892 6191
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 1524 3053 2435
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 445 1081 1160
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 375 918 986
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 3502478 3012212 2883708
Patch 3:
3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4 3.19-rc4
8-thp-1 8-thp-2 8-thp-3
Page alloc extfrag event 3181699 3082881 2674164
Extfrag fragmenting 3180812 3082303 2673611
Extfrag fragmenting for unmovable 1201 4031 4040
Extfrag fragmenting unmovable placed with movable 974 3611 3645
Extfrag fragmenting for reclaimable 478 1165 1294
Extfrag fragmenting reclaimable placed with movable 387 985 1030
Extfrag fragmenting for movable 3179133 3077107 2668277
The improvements for first iteration are clear, the rest is much noisier
and can appear like regression for Patch 1. Anyway, patch 2 rectifies it.
Allocation success rates are again unaffected so there's no point in
making this e-mail any longer.
[1] http://marc.info/?l=linux-mm&m=142166196321125&w=2
This patch (of 3):
When __rmqueue_fallback() is called to allocate a page of order X, it will
find a page of order Y >= X of a fallback migratetype, which is different
from the desired migratetype. With the help of try_to_steal_freepages(),
it may change the migratetype (to the desired one) also of:
1) all currently free pages in the pageblock containing the fallback page
2) the fallback pageblock itself
3) buddy pages created by splitting the fallback page (when Y > X)
These decisions take the order Y into account, as well as the desired
migratetype, with the goal of preventing multiple fallback allocations
that could e.g. distribute UNMOVABLE allocations among multiple
pageblocks.
Originally, decision for 1) has implied the decision for 3). Commit
47118af076 ("mm: mmzone: MIGRATE_CMA migration type added") changed that
(probably unintentionally) so that the buddy pages in case 3) are always
changed to the desired migratetype, except for CMA pageblocks.
Commit fef903efcf ("mm/page_allo.c: restructure free-page stealing code
and fix a bug") did some refactoring and added a comment that the case of
3) is intended. Commit 0cbef29a78 ("mm: __rmqueue_fallback() should
respect pageblock type") removed the comment and tried to restore the
original behavior where 1) implies 3), but due to the previous
refactoring, the result is instead that only 2) implies 3) - and the
conditions for 2) are less frequently met than conditions for 1). This
may increase fragmentation in situations where the code decides to steal
all free pages from the pageblock (case 1)), but then gives back the buddy
pages produced by splitting.
This patch restores the original intended logic where 1) implies 3).
During testing with stress-highalloc from mmtests, this has shown to
decrease the number of events where UNMOVABLE and RECLAIMABLE allocations
steal from MOVABLE pageblocks, which can lead to permanent fragmentation.
In some cases it has increased the number of events when MOVABLE
allocations steal from UNMOVABLE or RECLAIMABLE pageblocks, but these are
fixable by sync compaction and thus less harmful.
Note that evaluation has shown that the behavior introduced by
47118af076 for buddy pages in case 3) is actually even better than the
original logic, so the following patch will introduce it properly once
again. For stable backports of this patch it makes thus sense to only fix
versions containing 0cbef29a78.
[iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com: tracepoint fix]
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.13+ containing 0cbef29a78]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch makes do_mincore() use walk_page_vma(), which reduces many
lines of code by using common page table walk code.
[daeseok.youn@gmail.com: remove unneeded variable 'err']
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Daeseok Youn <daeseok.youn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently pagewalker splits all THP pages on any clear_refs request. It's
not necessary. We can handle this on PMD level.
One side effect is that soft dirty will potentially see more dirty memory,
since we will mark whole THP page dirty at once.
Sanity checked with CRIU test suite. More testing is required.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Reviewed-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
walk_page_range() silently skips vma having VM_PFNMAP set, which leads to
undesirable behaviour at client end (who called walk_page_range). For
example for pagemap_read(), when no callbacks are called against VM_PFNMAP
vma, pagemap_read() may prepare pagemap data for next virtual address
range at wrong index. That could confuse and/or break userspace
applications.
This patch avoid this misbehavior caused by vma(VM_PFNMAP) like follows:
- for pagemap_read() which has its own ->pte_hole(), call the ->pte_hole()
over vma(VM_PFNMAP),
- for clear_refs and queue_pages which have their own ->tests_walk,
just return 1 and skip vma(VM_PFNMAP). This is no problem because
these are not interested in hole regions,
- for other callers, just skip the vma(VM_PFNMAP) as a default behavior.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Shiraz Hashim <shashim@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
queue_pages_range() does page table walking in its own way now, but there
is some code duplicate. This patch applies page table walker to reduce
lines of code.
queue_pages_range() has to do some precheck to determine whether we really
walk over the vma or just skip it. Now we have test_walk() callback in
mm_walk for this purpose, so we can do this replacement cleanly.
queue_pages_test_walk() depends on not only the current vma but also the
previous one, so queue_pages->prev is introduced to remember it.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We don't have to use mm_walk->private to pass vma to the callback function
because of mm_walk->vma. And walk_page_vma() is useful if we walk over a
single vma.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
pagewalk.c can handle vma in itself, so we don't have to pass vma via
walk->private. And both of mem_cgroup_count_precharge() and
mem_cgroup_move_charge() do for each vma loop themselves, but now it's
done in pagewalk.c, so let's clean up them.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
pagewalk.c can handle vma in itself, so we don't have to pass vma via
walk->private. And show_numa_map() walks pages on vma basis, so using
walk_page_vma() is preferable.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Just doing s/gather_hugetbl_stats/gather_hugetlb_stats/g, this makes code
grep-friendly.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Page table walker has the information of the current vma in mm_walk, so we
don't have to call find_vma() in each pagemap_(pte|hugetlb)_range() call
any longer. Currently pagemap_pte_range() does vma loop itself, so this
patch reduces many lines of code.
NULL-vma check is omitted because we assume that we never run these
callbacks on any address outside vma. And even if it were broken, NULL
pointer dereference would be detected, so we can get enough information
for debugging.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
clear_refs_write() has some prechecks to determine if we really walk over
a given vma. Now we have a test_walk() callback to filter vmas, so let's
utilize it.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
pagewalk.c can handle vma in itself, so we don't have to pass vma via
walk->private. And show_smap() walks pages on vma basis, so using
walk_page_vma() is preferable.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce walk_page_vma(), which is useful for the callers which want to
walk over a given vma. It's used by later patches.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Current implementation of page table walker has a fundamental problem in
vma handling, which started when we tried to handle vma(VM_HUGETLB).
Because it's done in pgd loop, considering vma boundary makes code
complicated and bug-prone.
From the users viewpoint, some user checks some vma-related condition to
determine whether the user really does page walk over the vma.
In order to solve these, this patch moves vma check outside pgd loop and
introduce a new callback ->test_walk().
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently no user of page table walker sets ->pgd_entry() or
->pud_entry(), so checking their existence in each loop is just wasting
CPU cycle. So let's remove it to reduce overhead.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Lockless access to pte in pagemap_pte_range() might race with page
migration and trigger BUG_ON(!PageLocked()) in migration_entry_to_page():
CPU A (pagemap) CPU B (migration)
lock_page()
try_to_unmap(page, TTU_MIGRATION...)
make_migration_entry()
set_pte_at()
<read *pte>
pte_to_pagemap_entry()
remove_migration_ptes()
unlock_page()
if(is_migration_entry())
migration_entry_to_page()
BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page))
Also lockless read might be non-atomic if pte is larger than wordsize.
Other pte walkers (smaps, numa_maps, clear_refs) already lock ptes.
Fixes: 052fb0d635 ("proc: report file/anon bit in /proc/pid/pagemap")
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Reported-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.5+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use the more generic get_user_pages_unlocked which has the additional
benefit of passing FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY at the very first page fault
(which allows the first page fault in an unmapped area to be always able
to block indefinitely by being allowed to release the mmap_sem).
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This allows those get_user_pages calls to pass FAULT_FLAG_ALLOW_RETRY to
the page fault in order to release the mmap_sem during the I/O.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Mel Gorman