491 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
491 lines
19 KiB
Plaintext
***************************************************************************
|
||
* Celestia *
|
||
* *
|
||
* A real-time space simulation that lets you experience our universe in *
|
||
* three dimensions. *
|
||
* *
|
||
* Copyright (c) 2001-2009, Celestia Development Team *
|
||
* *
|
||
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*
|
||
* Celestia web site: http://www.shatters.net/celestia/ *
|
||
* *
|
||
* Celestia documentation: *
|
||
* http://www.shatters.net/celestia/documentation.html *
|
||
* Celestia WikiBook: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia *
|
||
* *
|
||
* Celestia forums: http://www.shatters.net/forum/ *
|
||
* *
|
||
***************************************************************************
|
||
|
||
CONTENTS
|
||
--------
|
||
License
|
||
Installing in Unix and Linux
|
||
Getting Started
|
||
Mouse, Keyboard & Joystick Controls
|
||
Star & Solar System Browser
|
||
Selecting Objects by Name
|
||
Known Issues
|
||
User Modifiable Elements
|
||
Celestia Resources
|
||
Contributions
|
||
Acknowledgements
|
||
|
||
|
||
LICENSE
|
||
-------
|
||
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
|
||
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
|
||
Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
|
||
version.
|
||
|
||
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
|
||
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
|
||
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
|
||
details, which you should have received along with this program (filename:
|
||
COPYING). If not, request a copy from:
|
||
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
||
59 Temple Place - Suite 330
|
||
Boston, MA 02111-1307
|
||
USA
|
||
|
||
|
||
INSTALLING IN UNIX AND LINUX
|
||
----------------------------
|
||
Type "./configure --help" for a list of options. The basic commands are shown
|
||
below. For more detailed information, refer to the INSTALL file.
|
||
|
||
The GTK version is built with...
|
||
./configure --with-gtk
|
||
make
|
||
make install
|
||
|
||
The KDE3 version is built with...
|
||
./configure --with-kde
|
||
make
|
||
make install
|
||
|
||
Note: some systems may require configure to be executed with
|
||
--with-qt-includes=/usr/include/qt3
|
||
|
||
The Gnome version is built with...
|
||
./configure --with-gnome
|
||
make
|
||
make install
|
||
|
||
If all else fails, try the gui-less version with...
|
||
./configure --with-glut
|
||
make
|
||
make install
|
||
|
||
|
||
GETTING STARTED
|
||
---------------
|
||
Celestia will start up in a window, and if everything is working correctly,
|
||
you'll see Earth in front of a field of stars. Displayed on-screen, is some
|
||
information about your target (Earth), your speed, and the current time
|
||
(Universal Time, so it'll probably be a few hours off from your computer's
|
||
clock).
|
||
|
||
Right drag the mouse to orbit Earth and you might see the Moon and some
|
||
familiar constellations. Left dragging the mouse changes your orientation
|
||
also, but the camera rotates about its center instead of rotating around
|
||
Earth. Rolling the mouse wheel will change your distance to Earth--you can
|
||
move light years away, then roll the wheel in the opposite direction to get
|
||
back to your starting location. If your mouse lacks a wheel, you can use the
|
||
Home and End keys instead.
|
||
|
||
When running Celestia, you will usually have some object selected. Currently,
|
||
it's Earth, but it could also be a star, moon, spacecraft, galaxy, or some
|
||
other object. The simplest way to select an object is to click on it. Try
|
||
clicking on a star to select it. The information about Earth is replaced with
|
||
some details about the star. Press G (or use the Navigation menu), and you'll
|
||
zoom through space toward the selected star. If you press G again, you'll
|
||
approach the star even closer.
|
||
|
||
Press H to select our Sun, and then G to go back to our Sun. Right click on
|
||
the sun to bring up a menu of planets and other objects in the solar system.
|
||
After selecting a planet from the menu, hit G again to travel toward it. Once
|
||
there, hold down the right mouse button and drag to orbit the planet.
|
||
|
||
The Tour Guide is a list of some of the more interesting objects you can visit
|
||
in Celestia. Select the Tour Guide option in the Navigation menu to display
|
||
the Tour Guide window. Choose a destination from the list, click the Goto
|
||
button, and you're off.
|
||
|
||
That covers the very basics. For a more in-depth look at Celestia and the
|
||
controls available to you, download the "Celestia User's Guide" (written by
|
||
Frank Gregorio), available in several languages, from:
|
||
http://www.shatters.net/celestia/documentation.html
|
||
This web page also includes links to the Celestia README file translated into
|
||
Japanese.
|
||
|
||
|
||
MOUSE, KEYBOARD & JOYSTICK CONTROLS
|
||
-----------------------------------
|
||
See the included file: controls.txt OR use the Help menu to display the Controls
|
||
list.
|
||
|
||
|
||
STAR & SOLAR SYSTEM BROWSER
|
||
-------------------------------------------
|
||
The Navigation menu contains 'Solar System Browser' and 'Star Browser'
|
||
options.
|
||
|
||
STAR BROWSER
|
||
|
||
By default, the Star Browser window displays a table of the 100 nearest stars,
|
||
along with their Distance, Apparent and Absolute Magnitude, and Type. Clicking
|
||
on the column headers will sort the stars. The table is not continuously
|
||
updated, so if you travel to another star, you should press the Refresh button
|
||
to update the table for your current position. The radio buttons beneath the
|
||
table let you switch between viewing a list of Nearest, Brightest, or 'With
|
||
planets' stars. As with the solar system browser, clicking on any star name
|
||
in the table will select it. Use this feature along with the Center and Go
|
||
To buttons to tour the stars visible from any night sky in the galaxy.
|
||
|
||
SOLAR SYSTEM BROWSER
|
||
|
||
The Solar System Browser displays a window with a tree view of all the objects
|
||
in the nearest solar system (if there is one within a light year of your current
|
||
position.) Clicking on the name of any object in the window will select it.
|
||
You can then use the Center or Go To buttons to display that object in the main
|
||
Celestia window.
|
||
|
||
|
||
SELECTING OBJECTS BY NAME
|
||
-------------------------
|
||
Celestia provides several ways to select an object by name...
|
||
1. Choose 'Select Object' from the Navigation menu, type in the object
|
||
name, and click OK.
|
||
|
||
2. Press Enter, type in the entire object name, and press Enter again.
|
||
|
||
3. Press Enter, type in the first few characters of the object name,
|
||
press the Tab key to move through the displayed listing until the
|
||
object is highlighted, then press Enter again.
|
||
|
||
You can use common names, Bayer designations or catalog numbers for stars.
|
||
Celestia currently supports the HIP, HD and SAO catalogs. Catalog numbers must
|
||
be entered with a space between the prefix and the catalog number.
|
||
|
||
|
||
KNOWN ISSUES
|
||
------------
|
||
For up-to-the-minute answers to some common problems encountered when running
|
||
Celestia, please view either the FAQ in the Help menu or take a look at the
|
||
"Celestia User's FAQ" located on the Celestia User's Forum:
|
||
http://www.shatters.net/forum/
|
||
|
||
|
||
USER MODIFIABLE ELEMENTS
|
||
------------------------
|
||
You can modify how Celestia starts up each time you run it, by defining your
|
||
own start-up settings. Simply open the file "start.cel" in a plain text
|
||
editor and follow the in-file instructions. Also, view the celestia.cfg file
|
||
in a plain text editor to see additional settings.
|
||
|
||
Celestia allows you to easily add real, hypothetical, or fictional objects
|
||
by creating new catalog files. It is *not* recommended that you alter the
|
||
built-in data files; nearly all desired modifications and additions can be
|
||
made by placing new catalog files in Celestia's extras folders. There are three
|
||
types of catalog files:
|
||
- ssc (solar system catalog: planets, moons, spacecraft, etc.)
|
||
- stc (star catalog)
|
||
- dsc (deep sky catalog: galaxies, star clusters, and nebulae)
|
||
All three types of catalog file are text files that can be updated with your
|
||
favorite text editing program.
|
||
|
||
|
||
CELESTIA RESOURCES
|
||
------------------
|
||
Celestia Web Site:
|
||
http://www.shatters.net/celestia/
|
||
|
||
Celestia User Forums:
|
||
http://www.shatters.net/forum/
|
||
|
||
Selden's List of Resources for Celestia :
|
||
http://www.lepp.cornell.edu/~seb/celestia/
|
||
|
||
Celestia WikiBook:
|
||
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia
|
||
|
||
Celestial Matters Website and Forums:
|
||
http://www.celestialmatters.org/
|
||
http://forum.celestialmatters.org/
|
||
|
||
Celestia Motherlode:
|
||
http://www.celestiamotherlode.net/
|
||
|
||
Celestia Source Code (SourceForge.net):
|
||
http://sourceforge.net/projects/celestia/
|
||
|
||
Celestia Bug Tracking (SourceForge.net):
|
||
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=121302&group_id=21302&func=browse
|
||
|
||
Celestia Feature Requests (SourceForge.net):
|
||
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=371302&group_id=21302&func=browse
|
||
|
||
|
||
CONTRIBUTIONS
|
||
-------------
|
||
|
||
Authors
|
||
-------
|
||
Chris Laurel <claurel@gmail.com>
|
||
Clint Weisbrod <cweisbrod@cogeco.ca>
|
||
Fridger Schrempp <t00fri@mail.desy.de>
|
||
Bob Ippolito <bob@redivi.com>
|
||
Christophe Teyssier <chris@teyssier.org>
|
||
Hank Ramsey <hramsey@users.sourceforge.net>
|
||
Grant Hutchison <grant.celestia@xemaps.com>
|
||
Pat Suwalski <pat@suwalski.net>
|
||
Toti
|
||
Da Woon Jung <dirkpitt2050@users.sf.net>
|
||
Vincent Giangiulio <vince.gian@free.fr>
|
||
Andrew Tribick
|
||
|
||
Contributors
|
||
------------
|
||
Deon Ramsey ........... original GTK1 interface
|
||
Christopher ANDRE ..... Eclipse Finder
|
||
Colin Walters ......... Endianness fixes
|
||
Peter Chapman ......... Orbit path rendering changes
|
||
James Holmes ..........
|
||
Harald Schmidt ........ Lua scripting enhancements, bug fixes
|
||
|
||
Documentation
|
||
-------------
|
||
Frank Gregorio ........ Celestia User's Guide
|
||
Hitoshi Suzuki ........ Japanese README translation
|
||
Christophe Teyssier ... DocBook and HTML conversion of User's Guide
|
||
Diego Rodriguez ....... Acrobat conversion of User's Guide
|
||
Don Goyette ........... CEL Scripting Guide
|
||
Harald Schmidt ........ Celx/Lua Scripting Guide
|
||
|
||
|
||
Scientific Data Base
|
||
--------------------
|
||
|
||
# Grant Hutchison
|
||
Supplied the correct orientations for the major planets, their moons, and a
|
||
number of asteroids and also worked on these data files:
|
||
Solarsys.ssc, nearstars.stc, extrasolar.ssc, extrasolar.stc, earth_locs.ssc
|
||
|
||
# Fridger Schrempp
|
||
Complete NGC/IC galaxy database + local group galaxies (galaxies.dsc)
|
||
|
||
Data base on globular clusters (globulars.dsc)
|
||
|
||
Data base on visual and spectroscopic binaries (visualbins.stc,
|
||
|
||
spectbins.stc)
|
||
|
||
World-capitals.ssc
|
||
|
||
Asterisms.dat
|
||
|
||
# Andrew Tribick
|
||
Significant update of the star.dat base based on new HIP Reduction of the
|
||
Raw data, Floor van Leeuwen, 2007.
|
||
|
||
CHARM2 stellar radii (charm2.stc)
|
||
|
||
|
||
Texture maps
|
||
------------
|
||
|
||
# Most of the planet maps are from David Seal's site:
|
||
http://maps.jpl.nasa.gov/.
|
||
A few of these maps were modified by me, with fictional terrain added to fill
|
||
in gaps. The model of the Galileo spacecraft is also from David Seal's site
|
||
(though it was converted from Inventor to 3DS format.)
|
||
|
||
# The Mars, Neptune, and Uranus textures and Mars bump maps are all from James
|
||
Hastings-Trew's collection. His maps may be found here:
|
||
http://gw.marketingden.com/planets/planets.html
|
||
|
||
# Grant Hutchison
|
||
|
||
Saturn's rings were built by Grant Hutchison from Cassini imaging, with
|
||
transparency information derived from stellar transit data obtained from:
|
||
http://pds-rings.arc.nasa.gov/ringocc/ringocc.html
|
||
|
||
The Eros map is a shaded relief generated from the NEAR laser rangefinder
|
||
shape model at:
|
||
http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/NEARdb/nlr/#shape
|
||
|
||
# Jens Meyer
|
||
|
||
Dione and Rhea are USGS maps colored and modified by Jens Meyer.
|
||
|
||
The Moon map is based on data from PDS Map-A-Planet at
|
||
http://pdsmaps.wr.usgs.gov/maps.html with colors from Mark Robinson at
|
||
http://www.earth.northwestern.edu/research/robinson/MOON/clem_color.html.
|
||
|
||
# Fridger Schrempp
|
||
|
||
'Available data' Pluto and Charon textures using maps created by Marc Buie
|
||
at Lowell Observatory. Buie's maps were generated from photometric data
|
||
gathered during six years of mutual occultations of Pluto and Charon.
|
||
|
||
Titan's cloud texture in natural colors and its surface map at near-infrared
|
||
wavelength. They are based on resources available from the imaging site
|
||
(Ciclops) of the Cassini mission
|
||
(http://ciclops.lpl.arizona.edu/index.php)
|
||
|
||
The Phoebe base texture was created from the cylindrical map published by
|
||
the Cassini imaging team
|
||
(http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA07775)
|
||
|
||
The Tethys textures are based on the Oct 2008 Ciclops map
|
||
(http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA11116)
|
||
|
||
The Iapetus texture was created from the Oct 2008 Ciclops map
|
||
(http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA11116)
|
||
|
||
The Lunar topography and bump maps, using Clementine laser altimeter data,
|
||
merged in the polar regions with topographic data from Clementine 750 nm
|
||
oblique and nadir images
|
||
(ftp://ftpflag.wr.usgs.gov/dist/pigpen/moon/usgs/topo/global/)
|
||
|
||
The Mercury map was created from a combination of Mariner 10 imaging
|
||
with recent MESSENGER WAC images from the first two flybys, as collected
|
||
and reprojected by Steve Albers:
|
||
See http://laps.noaa.gov/albers/sos/sos.html.
|
||
|
||
# Phil Stooke
|
||
|
||
Proteus, Janus, Prometheus and Epimetheus maps are from Phil Stooke.
|
||
|
||
The Ida and Gaspra photomosaic maps are by Phil Stooke.
|
||
|
||
# Venus's clouds and the textures for Ganymede, Callisto and Saturn are from
|
||
Bj<42>rn J<>nsson. His site at http://www.mmedia.is/~bjj/ is an excellent
|
||
resource for solar system rendering.
|
||
|
||
# Venus's surface is a copyright-free NASA image, prepared from Magellan radar
|
||
data. The original is available at
|
||
http://www.solarviews.com/cap/venus/venmap.htm
|
||
|
||
# The Earth texture was created by NASA using data from the MODIS instrument
|
||
aboard the Terra satellite. Further information is available from:
|
||
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/BlueMarble/
|
||
|
||
# Steve Albers
|
||
The Io and Europa maps are by Steve Albers. His planetary maps are at:
|
||
http://laps.noaa.gov/albers/sos/sos.html
|
||
|
||
# The textures for the Uranian satellites were created by Ivan Rivera from JPL
|
||
data. His Celestia page is: http://bruckner.homelinux.net/celestia.html
|
||
|
||
# The Hyperion map is a photomosaic assembled by Phil Stooke and
|
||
colored by Jens Meyer.
|
||
|
||
# Amalthea is a shaded relief map by Phil Stooke, colored by Wm. Robert Johnston
|
||
(http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/spaceart/cylmaps.html), and further modified
|
||
by Jens Meyer and Grant Hutchison.
|
||
|
||
# The asteroid.jpg texture was created by Paul Roberts.
|
||
|
||
# The textures for the five classes of extrasolar giant planet were created by
|
||
Andrew Tribick.
|
||
|
||
# CICLOPS
|
||
|
||
The map of Enceladus is derived from the December 2008 CICLOPS map:
|
||
http://ciclops.org/view/5447/Map_of_Enceladus_December_2008
|
||
|
||
|
||
3D Models
|
||
---------
|
||
|
||
# Models of Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey were created by Shrox:
|
||
http://www.shrox.com/
|
||
|
||
# The Cassini and Huygens models are by Jack Higgins:
|
||
http://homepage.eircom.net/~jackcelestia/
|
||
|
||
# The 3D model of ISS is a deconstruction of Andrew Farnaby's
|
||
complete ISS model with textures by Bob Hundley. The model
|
||
represents the ISS as of June 2008 and is a modification of
|
||
the model that can be found here:
|
||
http://www.celestiamotherlode.net/catalog/show_addon_details.php?addon_id=1199
|
||
ISS model of June 2008 (with Kibo) by krisci3 (modified and
|
||
converted in order to work with JPG by Ulrich Dickmann, a.k.a.
|
||
Adirondack)
|
||
|
||
# 3D asteroid models of Toutatis, Kleopatra, Geographos, 1998 KY26, Bacchus,
|
||
Castalia and Golevka are courtesy of Scott Hudson, Washington State
|
||
University. His site is:
|
||
http://www.eecs.wsu.edu/~hudson/Research/Asteroids/models.html
|
||
|
||
# 3D models of Phobos, Deimos, Amalthea, Janus, Epimetheus, Prometheus, Pandora,
|
||
Hyperion, Larissa, Proteus, Vesta, Ida, Gaspra and Halley are derived from
|
||
Phil Stooke's Cartography of Non-Spherical Worlds at:
|
||
http://publish.uwo.ca/~pjstooke/plancart.htm
|
||
and optical shape model dataset at:
|
||
http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/SBNast/holdings/EAR-A-5-DDR-STOOKE-SHAPE-MODELS-
|
||
V1.0.html
|
||
|
||
# The 3D model of Eros was prepared from the NEAR laser rangefinder shape model
|
||
at: http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/NEARdb/nlr/#shape
|
||
|
||
# The Phoebe mesh was designed by Jerry Gardner aka Jestr, jestr@ntlworld.com,
|
||
based on Phoebe's bumpy topography display from Cassini,
|
||
http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA06070
|
||
|
||
|
||
Libraries
|
||
---------
|
||
|
||
# This software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
|
||
|
||
# Some versions of Celestia may use the SPICE system for spacecraft and
|
||
planetary information, developed by Caltech/JPL under contract to NASA.
|
||
|
||
# Many cylindrical projections of photographs were performed by Fridger
|
||
Schrempp with Matthew Arcus 'mmps' software,
|
||
http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~arcus/mmps/
|
||
|
||
# The lower resolution textures were all converted from their higher resolution
|
||
versions using Gimp.
|
||
|
||
# The star database (stars.dat) was derived from the ESA's HIPPARCOS data set.
|
||
|
||
# Constellation boundaries are drawn from Davenhall & Leggett's "Catalogue of
|
||
Constellation Boundary Data":
|
||
http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/ftp-index?/ftp/cats/VI/49
|
||
|
||
|
||
Other work
|
||
----------
|
||
|
||
# Selden Ball deserves a special mention for suffering more prerelease versions
|
||
finding more bugs, and giving more feedback than anyone else.
|
||
|
||
# Christophe Campos aka ElChristou created the splash screen for Celestia.
|
||
|
||
# The MacOS X icon was designed by Chris Alford: http://www.chrisalford.com/
|
||
|
||
# The txf font format used by Celestia was devised by Mark Kilgard.
|
||
|
||
|
||
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
|
||
----------------
|
||
|
||
A very big thank you for creating Celestia goes to Chris Laurel who started this
|
||
program in the year 2001.
|
||
<claurel@gmail.com>
|
||
http://www.shatters.net/~claurel/
|
||
http://www.shatters.net/celestia/
|
||
|
||
Special thanks go to all Celestia users who submit bug reports, suggestions, and
|
||
fixes. Celestia wouldn't be the program it is today, without their help.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
The Celestia Development Team
|