celestia/data/solarsys.ssc

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# Planets and major natural satellites of the solar system. Though the IAU
# reclassified Pluto as a dwarf planet in 2006, it is still present in this
# file for historical reasons. There's no defined distinction between 'major'
# and 'minor' satellites. For the most part, the moons included in this file
# are the ones known before the era of Solar System exploration by spacecraft.
# The rest of the solarsystem's natural satellites are in minormoons.ssc and
# numberedmoons.ssc.
#
# The orbital and physical data for the planets necessarily come from a
# variety of sources.
#
#
# === Orbits ===
#
# CustomOrbits are used for most of the large bodies in the solar system.
# These are orbital calculations built into Celestia. In most cases,
# EllipticalOrbits are provided as well in order to give the reader of this
# file some rough idea of the shape and size of a body's orbit. If a body has
# a CustomOrbit defined, its EllipticalOrbit is *not* used by Celestia; the
# CustomOrbit will override the EllipticalOrbit.
#
# For the planets, the orbits are calculated using the VSOP87 theory
# (P. Bretagnon and G. Francou, "Planetary theories in rectangular and
# spherical variables. VSOP87 solutions", Astronomy & Astrophysics 202
# (1988) 309-315.
#
# The orbits of the Galilean satellites are from J. H. Lieske's "E5" theory
# as given in Jean Meeus's _Astronomical Algorithms_, pp. 301-315
#
# The orbits of the following Saturnian satellites are from Gerard Dourneau
# (1987), "Observations et etude du mouvement des huit premiers satellites
# de Saturne":
# Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, Rhea, Titan, Hyperion, Iapetus
#
# The orbits of the five largest Uranian satellites are from Laskar and
# Jacobson (1978), "An Analytical Ephemeris of the Uranian Satellites"
# (Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon)
#
# **** IMPORTANT ****
# For applications where more accuracy is required, the orbits of any solar
# system body may be replaced by a SPICE kernel or a file of postion/velocity
# samples. Detailed documentation on how to do this may be found on the
# Celestia WikiBook:
# http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia/Trajectories#CustomOrbit
# It is also possible to use JPL's DE405 or DE406 ephemeris For the positions
# of the planets, Moon, and Pluto. Details are here:
# http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Celestia/JPL_Ephemerides
# *******************
#
#
# === Rotational Elements ===
#
# For most bodies, IAU rotational elements are used. These are implemented
# internally by Celestia and selected by using a CustomRotation. The IAU
# rotational elements are given here:
# http://astrogeology.usgs.gov/Projects/WGCCRE/
#
# UniformRotations are also listed for purely informational reasons; they are
# overridden by CustomRotations (when present.)
#
#
# When alternate data sources are used for orbits or rotational elements, the
# source is noted by a comment in the body definition
"Mercury" "Sol"
{
Texture "mercury.*"
Radius 2440
CustomOrbit "vsop87-mercury"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit {
# Period 0.2408
# SemiMajorAxis 0.3871
# Eccentricity 0.2056
# Inclination 7.0049
# AscendingNode 48.33167
# LongOfPericenter 77.456
# MeanLongitude 252.251
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-mercury"
# Overridden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 1407.509405
# Inclination 28.55
# AscendingNode 11.01
# MeridianAngle 329.548
# }
Albedo 0.06
}
"Venus" "Sol"
{
Texture "venussurface.*"
# BumpMap "venusbump.*"
HazeColor [ 0.5 0.35 0.2 ]
HazeDensity 0.35
Radius 6052
Atmosphere {
Height 60
Lower [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
Upper [ 0.6 0.6 0.6 ]
Sky [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
CloudMap "venus.jpg"
CloudHeight 50
CloudSpeed 90
}
CustomOrbit "vsop87-venus"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 0.6152
# SemiMajorAxis 0.7233
# Eccentricity 0.0068
# Inclination 3.3947
# AscendingNode 76.681
# LongOfPericenter 131.533
# MeanLongitude 181.979
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
# CustomRotation "iau-venus"
# IAU Venus definition is simple uniform rotation
UniformRotation
{
Period 5832.443616
Inclination 157.16
AscendingNode 182.76
MeridianAngle 19.80
}
Albedo 0.77
}
"Earth" "Sol"
{
Texture "earth.*"
NightTexture "earthnight.*"
# SpecularTexture "earth-spec.*"
Color [ 0.85 0.85 1.0 ]
SpecularColor [ 0.8 0.8 0.85 ]
SpecularPower 25.0
HazeColor [ 1 1 1 ]
HazeDensity 0.3
Radius 6378.140 # equatorial
# Oblateness 0.0034
Atmosphere {
Height 60
Lower [ 0.43 0.52 0.65 ]
Upper [ 0.26 0.47 0.84 ]
Sky [ 0.40 0.6 1.0 ]
Sunset [ 1.0 0.6 0.2 ]
CloudHeight 7
CloudSpeed 65
CloudMap "earth-clouds.*"
CloudShadowDepth 1.0
Mie 0.001
MieAsymmetry -0.25
Rayleigh [ 0.001 0.0025 0.006 ]
MieScaleHeight 12
}
CustomOrbit "vsop87-earth"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit {
# Period 1.0000
# SemiMajorAxis 1.0000
# Eccentricity 0.0167
# Inclination 0.0001
# AscendingNode 348.739
# LongOfPericenter 102.947
# MeanLongitude 100.464
# }
# Orientation of Earth's axis with respect to the ecliptic plane and
# equinox of J2000 is computed with the long period extension of
# extension of the the P03 precession model presented in
# "Long-periodic Precession Parameters", J. Vondrak (2006)
BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "earth-p03lp"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 23.93447117
# Inclination -23.4392911
# MeridianAngle 280.147
# }
Albedo 0.30
}
"Moon:Earth I" "Sol/Earth"
{
Texture "moon.*"
BumpMap "moonbump.*"
BumpHeight 3.5
Radius 1737.53
# Oblateness 0.002
InfoURL "http://www.nineplanets.org/luna.html"
CustomOrbit "moon"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit {
# Period 27.321661
# SemiMajorAxis 384400
# Eccentricity 0.054900
# Inclination 5.15
# }
OrbitFrame {
EquatorJ2000 { Center "Sol/Earth" }
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-moon"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 23.4608
# AscendingNode 359.9949
# MeridianAngle 38.3213
# }
LunarLambert 1.0
Albedo 0.12
}
"Mars" "Sol"
{
Texture "mars.*"
# Texture "mars8k.dds"
BumpMap "marsbump.*"
BumpHeight 2.5
Color [ 1 0.75 0.7 ]
HazeColor [ 1 1 1 ]
HazeDensity 0.45
Radius 3396 # equatorial
# Oblateness 0.0069
Atmosphere {
Height 30
Lower [ 0.8 0.6 0.6 ]
Upper [ 0.7 0.3 0.3 ]
Sky [ 0.83 0.75 0.65 ]
Sunset [ 0.7 0.7 0.8 ]
# Slightly bluish sunset, as seen in true color pictures
# from Pathfinder
Mie 0.0024
MieAsymmetry -0.15
Rayleigh [ 0.0010 0.0006 0.0003 ]
Absorption [ 0 0 0 ]
MieScaleHeight 20
}
CustomOrbit "vsop87-mars"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 1.8809
# SemiMajorAxis 1.5237
# Eccentricity 0.0934
# Inclination 1.8506
# AscendingNode 49.479
# LongOfPericenter 336.041
# MeanLongitude 355.453
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-mars"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 24.622962156
# Inclination 37.11350
# AscendingNode 47.68143
# MeridianAngle 176.630
# }
Albedo 0.150
}
"Phobos:Mars I" "Sol/Mars"
{
Mesh "phobos.cmod"
Texture "phobos.*"
Radius 13.0 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ -0.233 -0.156 -0.168 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2455198 # 2010 Jan 1 12:00
Period 0.31891023 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 9377.2 # mean
Eccentricity 0.0151 # mean
Inclination 1.082 # mean
AscendingNode 16.946
ArgOfPericenter 157.116
MeanAnomaly 271.138
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-phobos"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 37.10
# AscendingNode 47.68
# MeridianAngle 35.06
# }
Albedo 0.07
}
"Deimos:Mars II" "Sol/Mars"
{
Mesh "deimos.cmod"
Texture "deimos.*"
Radius 7.9 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ -0.299 -0.284 0.369 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2455198 # 2010 Jan 1 12:00
Period 1.2624407 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 23463.2 # mean
Eccentricity 0.00033 # mean
Inclination 1.791 # mean
AscendingNode 318.370
ArgOfPericenter 358.233
MeanAnomaly 158.554
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-deimos"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 36.48
# AscendingNode 47.65
# MeridianAngle 79.41
# }
Albedo 0.08
}
"Jupiter" "Sol"
{
Texture "jupiter.*"
HazeColor [ 0.4 0.45 0.5 ]
HazeDensity 0.3
Radius 71492 # equatorial
Oblateness 0.0649
CustomOrbit "vsop87-jupiter"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 11.8622
# SemiMajorAxis 5.2034
# Eccentricity 0.0484
# Inclination 1.3053
# AscendingNode 100.556
# LongOfPericenter 14.7539
# MeanLongitude 34.404
# }
Atmosphere {
Height 300
Lower [ 0.7 0.6 0.5 ]
Upper [ 0.5 0.45 0.4 ]
Sky [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
Sunset [ 1.0 0.6 0.2 ]
}
# IAU rotation not used for Jupiter; it is based on System III
# (radio emissions), not the cloud positions. In Celestia, we're
# more interested in having the Great Red Spot appear in the
# (approximately) correct place.
BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
UniformRotation
{
Period 9.927953 # System II (for GRS)
# Period 9.92491250 # System III (radio emissions)
Inclination 2.22
AscendingNode 337.80
MeridianAngle 334 # for correct position of GRS, July 2008
# (equal to 461 minus current W longitude of GRS)
# MeridianAngle 305.38 # correct System III prime meridian
}
Albedo 0.51
}
"Amalthea:Jupiter V" "Sol/Jupiter"
{
Texture "amalthea.*"
Color [ 0.63 0.45 0.35 ]
Mesh "amalthea.cmod"
Radius 134 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ -13.616 -0.448 -4.436 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2452583.763194445 # 2002 Nov 5 06:19UT (Galileo encounter)
Period 0.498179 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 181994.78 # at epoch
Eccentricity 0.0045045 # at epoch
Inclination 0.384285 # at epoch
AscendingNode 220.288958 # at epoch
ArgOfPericenter 301.622765 # at epoch
MeanAnomaly 315.352094 # at epoch
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-amalthea"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 25.51
# AscendingNode 358.05
# MeridianAngle 231.67
# }
Albedo 0.06
}
"Io:Jupiter I" "Sol/Jupiter"
{
Texture "io.*"
Radius 1821.6
CustomOrbit "io"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Epoch 2443000.00038375
# Period 1.769138
# SemiMajorAxis 421600
# Eccentricity 0.0041
# Inclination 0.040
# AscendingNode 312.981
# LongOfPericenter 97.735
# MeanLongitude 106.724
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-io"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 25.50
# AscendingNode 358.05
# MeridianAngle 200.39
# }
Albedo 0.61
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Io"
{
Texture "io.*"
OverlayTexture "io-lok-mask.png"
}
"Europa:Jupiter II" "Sol/Jupiter"
{
Texture "europa.*"
Radius 1560.8
CustomOrbit "europa"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Epoch 2443000.00038375
# Period 3.551810
# SemiMajorAxis 670900
# Eccentricity 0.0101
# Inclination 0.470
# AscendingNode 101.087
# LongOfPericenter 155.512
# MeanLongitude 176.377
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-europa"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 25.49
# AscendingNode 358.08
# MeridianAngle 36.022
# }
Albedo 0.64
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Europa"
{
Texture "europa.*"
OverlayTexture "europa-lok-mask.png"
}
"Ganymede:Jupiter III" "Sol/Jupiter"
{
Texture "ganymede.*"
Radius 2631.2
CustomOrbit "ganymede"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Epoch 2443000.00038375
# Period 7.154553
# SemiMajorAxis 1070000
# Eccentricity 0.0015
# Inclination 0.195
# AscendingNode 119.841
# LongOfPericenter 188.831
# MeanLongitude 121.206
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-ganymede"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 25.43
# AscendingNode 358.20
# MeridianAngle 44.064
# }
Albedo 0.42
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Ganymede"
{
Texture "ganymede.*"
OverlayTexture "ganymede-lok-mask.png"
}
"Callisto:Jupiter IV" "Sol/Jupiter"
{
Texture "callisto.*"
Radius 2410.3
CustomOrbit "callisto"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Epoch 2443000.00038375
# Period 16.689018
# SemiMajorAxis 1883000
# Eccentricity 0.007
# Inclination 0.281
# AscendingNode 323.265
# LongOfPericenter 335.933
# MeanLongitude 85.091
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-callisto"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 25.17
# AscendingNode 358.72
# MeridianAngle 259.51
# }
Albedo 0.20
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Jupiter/Callisto"
{
Texture "callisto.*"
OverlayTexture "callisto-lok-mask.png"
}
"Saturn" "Sol"
{
Texture "saturn.*"
Color [ 1.0 1.0 0.85 ]
HazeColor [ 0.0 0.0 1 ]
HazeDensity 0.25
Radius 60268 # equatorial
Oblateness 0.0980
CustomOrbit "vsop87-saturn"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 29.4577
# SemiMajorAxis 9.5371
# Eccentricity 0.0542
# Inclination 2.4845
# AscendingNode 113.715
# LongOfPericenter 92.432
# MeanLongitude 49.944
# }
Atmosphere {
Height 300
Lower [ 0.8 0.75 0.65 ]
Upper [ 0.6 0.55 0.45 ]
Sky [ 0.8 0.8 0.5 ]
}
BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
UniformRotation
{
Period 10.65622222 # System III (magnetic field)
Inclination 28.052
AscendingNode 169.528
MeridianAngle 358.93 # correct System III prime meridian
}
Albedo 0.50
Rings {
Inner 74500 # includes some ringlets inside edge of C ring at 74660
Outer 140220
Texture "saturn-rings.png"
}
}
"Prometheus:Saturn XVI:1980 S 27" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "prometheus.*"
Mesh "prometheus.cmod"
Radius 74 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ 0.75 -2.68 1.064 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
Period 0.612986
SemiMajorAxis 139380
Eccentricity 0.0023
Inclination 0.0056
AscendingNode 226.1099
LongOfPericenter 23.3280
MeanLongitude 266.2144
}
# orientate meridian at epoch
UniformRotation
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
MeridianAngle 86
}
Albedo 0.6
}
"Pandora:Saturn XVII:1980 S 26" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "asteroid.jpg"
Mesh "pandora.cmod"
Radius 57 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ 0.692 -1.454 -0.422 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
Period 0.6285036
SemiMajorAxis 141710
Eccentricity 0.0042
Inclination 0.0522
AscendingNode 290.0163
LongOfPericenter 10.4899
MeanLongitude 212.6961
}
# orientate meridian at epoch
UniformRotation
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
MeridianAngle 33
}
Albedo 0.5
}
"Epimetheus:Saturn XI:1980 S 3" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "epimetheus.*"
Mesh "epimetheus.cmod"
Radius 72 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ -5.196 -2.241 -1.878 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
Period 0.6945 # 0.6943: period set to Janus/Epimetheus average
SemiMajorAxis 151410
Eccentricity 0.0098
Inclination 0.3541
AscendingNode 45.5973
LongOfPericenter 358.5774
MeanLongitude 306.0531
}
# orientate meridian at epoch
UniformRotation
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
MeridianAngle 126
}
Albedo 0.5
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Saturn/Epimetheus"
{
Texture "epimetheus-lok.*"
}
"Janus:Saturn X:1980 S 1" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "janus.*"
Mesh "janus.cmod"
Radius 96 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ -1.552 1.358 2.257 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
Period 0.6945 # 0.6947: period set to Janus/Epimetheus average
SemiMajorAxis 151460
Eccentricity 0.0067
Inclination 0.1649
AscendingNode 8.1758
LongOfPericenter 248.2856
MeanLongitude 131.5137
}
# orientate meridian at epoch
UniformRotation
{
Epoch 2453005.5 # 2004 Jan 1 00:00UT
MeridianAngle 312
}
Albedo 0.6
}
"Mimas:Saturn I" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "mimas.*"
Radius 198.6
CustomOrbit "mimas"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 0.9424218
# SemiMajorAxis 185520
# Eccentricity 0.0202
# Inclination 1.53
# MeanAnomaly 23
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-mimas"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 6.48
# AscendingNode 130.66
# MeridianAngle 337.46
# }
Albedo 0.5
}
"Enceladus:Saturn II" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "enceladus.*"
Radius 249.4
CustomOrbit "enceladus"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 1.370218
# SemiMajorAxis 238020
# Eccentricity 0.0045
# Inclination 0.02
# MeanAnomaly 215
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-enceladus"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 6.48
# AscendingNode 130.66
# MeridianAngle 2.82
# }
Albedo 0.99
}
"Tethys:Saturn III" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "tethys.*"
Radius 529.9
CustomOrbit "tethys"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 1.887802
# SemiMajorAxis 294660
# Eccentricity 0.0
# Inclination 1.09
# MeanAnomaly 98
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-tethys"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 6.48
# AscendingNode 130.66
# MeridianAngle 10.45
# }
Albedo 0.9
}
"Dione:Saturn IV" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "dione.*"
Radius 559
CustomOrbit "dione"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 2.736915
# SemiMajorAxis 377400
# Eccentricity 0.0022
# Inclination 0.02
# MeanAnomaly 310
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-dione"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 6.48
# AscendingNode 130.66
# MeridianAngle 357.00
# }
Albedo 0.7
}
"Rhea:Saturn V" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "rhea.*"
Radius 764
CustomOrbit "rhea"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 4.517500
# SemiMajorAxis 527040
# Eccentricity 0.0010
# Inclination 0.35
# MeanAnomaly 190
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-rhea"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 6.45
# AscendingNode 130.38
# MeridianAngle 235.16
# }
Albedo 0.7
}
"Titan:Saturn VI" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "titan.*"
Color [0.96 0.805 0.461 ]
# HazeColor [ 0.781 0.629 0.975 ]
HazeDensity 0.6
Radius 2575
Atmosphere {
Height 500.0
Lower [ 0.477 0.367 0.211 ]
Upper [ 0.96 0.805 0.461 ]
Sky [ 0.3 0 0 ]
Mie 0.0001
MieAsymmetry -0.55
Rayleigh [ 0.0 0.0 0.00017 ]
Absorption [ 0.000075 0.00030 0.00025 ]
MieScaleHeight 220.0
CloudHeight 220.0
CloudSpeed 65.0
CloudMap "titan-clouds.*"
}
CustomOrbit "titan"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 15.945421
# SemiMajorAxis 1221850
# Eccentricity 0.0292
# Inclination 0.33
# MeanAnomaly 120
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-titan"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 6.06
# AscendingNode 126.41
# MeridianAngle 189.64
# }
Albedo 0.21
}
"Hyperion:Saturn VII" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Mesh "hyperion.cmod"
Texture "hyperion.*" # Phil Stooke
Radius 171 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ -3.424 10.938 4.498 ]
CustomOrbit "hyperion"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 21.276609
# SemiMajorAxis 1481100
# Eccentricity 0.1042
# Inclination 0.43
# MeanAnomaly 350
# }
# The rotation of Hyperion is chaotic; we don't attempt to model
# the rotation exactly, but instead use non-zero precession rate to
# make the rotation appear somewhat irregular.
PrecessingRotation
{
Inclination 61 # pole at time of
AscendingNode 145 # Voyager 2 encounter
Period 120 # 5-day best-fit rotation
PrecessionPeriod 0.0192 # 7-day wobble in light curve
}
Albedo 0.3
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Saturn/Hyperion"
{
Texture "hyperion-lok.*" # Phil Stooke
}
"Iapetus:Saturn VIII" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Texture "iapetus.*"
Radius 718
CustomOrbit "iapetus"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 79.330183
# SemiMajorAxis 3561300
# Eccentricity 0.0283
# Inclination 7.52
# MeanAnomaly 245
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-iapetus"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Inclination 14.97
# AscendingNode 48.16
# MeridianAngle 350.20
# }
Albedo 0.2
}
"Phoebe:Saturn IX" "Sol/Saturn"
{
Mesh "phoebe.cmod"
Texture "phoebe.*"
Radius 110
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2453168.3159722 # 2004 June 11 19:35 (Cassini encounter)
Period 548.21 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 12915512.0 # at epoch
Eccentricity 0.152924 # at epoch
Inclination 151.668210 # at epoch
AscendingNode 14.381449 # at epoch
ArgOfPericenter 281.103195 # at epoch
MeanAnomaly 31.776215 # at epoch
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
# Not used; IAU elements appear to be based on pre-Cassini
# information.
# CustomRotation "iau-phoebe"
UniformRotation
{
Period 9.2735 # Bauer et al, Astrophysical Journal 2004; 610(2): L57-L60
Inclination 12.1 # Porco et al, Science 2005; 307: 1237-42
AscendingNode 86.6 # Porco et al, Science 2005; 307: 1237-42
MeridianAngle 95 # approximate, from encounter images
}
Albedo 0.05
}
"Uranus" "Sol"
{
Texture "uranus.*"
Color [ 0.75 0.85 1.0 ]
HazeColor [ 0.5 0.8 1.0 ]
HazeDensity 0.2
Radius 25559 # equatorial
Oblateness 0.0229
CustomOrbit "vsop87-uranus"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 84.0139
# SemiMajorAxis 19.1913
# Eccentricity 0.0472
# Inclination 0.7699
# AscendingNode 74.230
# LongOfPericenter 170.964
# MeanLongitude 313.232
# }
Atmosphere {
Height 130
Lower [ 0.75 0.85 1.0 ]
Upper [ 0.5 0.8 0.9 ]
Sky [ 0.6 0.7 0.7 ]
}
BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
UniformRotation
{
Period 17.24 # System III (magnetic field)
Inclination 97.722
AscendingNode 167.647
MeridianAngle 331.13 # correct System III prime meridian
}
Albedo 0.66
Rings {
Inner 41837
Outer 51179
Texture "uranus-rings.png"
}
}
"Miranda:Uranus V" "Sol/Uranus"
{
Texture "miranda.*"
Radius 235.8
CustomOrbit "miranda"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 1.413
# SemiMajorAxis 129800
# Eccentricity 0.0027
# Inclination 4.22
# MeanAnomaly 120
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-miranda"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 33.92350159 # enforce sync rotation
# Inclination 74.92
# AscendingNode 167.43
# MeridianAngle 149.30
# }
Albedo 0.32
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Miranda"
{
Texture "miranda.*"
OverlayTexture "miranda-lok-mask.png"
}
"Ariel:Uranus I" "Sol/Uranus"
{
Texture "ariel.*"
Radius 578.9
CustomOrbit "ariel"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 2.520
# SemiMajorAxis 191200
# Eccentricity 0.0034
# Inclination 0.31
# MeanAnomaly 56
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-ariel"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 60.48909292 # enforce sync rotation
# Inclination 74.90
# AscendingNode 167.43
# MeridianAngle 23.78
# }
Albedo 0.39
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Ariel"
{
Texture "ariel.*"
OverlayTexture "ariel-lok-mask.png"
}
"Umbriel:Uranus II" "Sol/Uranus"
{
Texture "umbriel.*"
Radius 584.7
CustomOrbit "umbriel"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 4.144
# SemiMajorAxis 266000
# Eccentricity 0.0050
# Inclination 0.36
# MeanAnomaly 280
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-umbriel"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 99.46022991 # enforce sync rotation
# Inclination 74.90
# AscendingNode 167.43
# MeridianAngle 71.95
# }
Albedo 0.21
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Umbriel"
{
Texture "umbriel.*"
OverlayTexture "umbriel-lok-mask.png"
}
"Titania:Uranus III" "Sol/Uranus"
{
Texture "titania.*"
Radius 788.9
CustomOrbit "titania"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 8.706
# SemiMajorAxis 435800
# Eccentricity 0.0022
# Inclination 0.10
# MeanAnomaly 30
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-titania"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 208.94077099 # enforce sync rotation
# Inclination 74.90
# AscendingNode 167.43
# MeridianAngle 102.26
# }
Albedo 0.27
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Titania"
{
Texture "titania.*"
OverlayTexture "titania-lok-mask.png"
}
"Oberon:Uranus IV" "Sol/Uranus"
{
Texture "oberon.*"
Radius 761.4
CustomOrbit "oberon"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 13.463
# SemiMajorAxis 583600
# Eccentricity 0.0008
# Inclination 0.10
# MeanAnomaly 150
# }
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
CustomRotation "iau-oberon"
# Overriden by CustomRotation
# UniformRotation
# {
# Period 323.117567539 # enforce sync rotation
# Inclination 74.90
# AscendingNode 167.43
# MeridianAngle 173.23
# }
Albedo 0.23
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Uranus/Oberon"
{
Texture "oberon.*"
OverlayTexture "oberon-lok-mask.png"
}
"Neptune" "Sol"
{
Texture "neptune.*"
Color [ 0.75 0.75 1.0 ]
HazeColor [ 0.6 1 0.75 ]
HazeDensity 0.35
Radius 24766 # equatorial
Oblateness 0.017
CustomOrbit "vsop87-neptune"
# Overridden by CustomOrbit
# EllipticalOrbit
# {
# Period 164.793
# SemiMajorAxis 30.0690
# Eccentricity 0.0086
# Inclination 1.7692
# AscendingNode 131.722
# LongOfPericenter 44.971
# MeanLongitude 304.880
# }
Atmosphere {
Height 130
Lower [ 0.6 0.65 1.0 ]
Upper [ 0.5 0.55 0.9 ]
Sky [ 0.5 0.7 0.9 ]
}
BodyFrame { EclipticJ2000 {} }
UniformRotation
{
Period 16.11 # System III (magnetic field)
Inclination 28.03
AscendingNode 49.24
MeridianAngle 228.66 # correct System III prime meridian
}
Albedo 0.62
Rings {
Inner 53150
Outer 62947
Texture "neptune-rings.png"
}
}
"Larissa:Neptune VII:1989 N 2" "Sol/Neptune"
{
Texture "asteroid.jpg"
Mesh "larissa.cmod"
Radius 100 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ 4.564 -0.126 0.302 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Period 0.554654
SemiMajorAxis 73548
Eccentricity 0.0014
Inclination 0.744
AscendingNode 324.857
ArgOfPericenter 215.004 # J2000.0
MeanAnomaly 157.543
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
UniformRotation
{
Inclination 46.59
AscendingNode 29.36
MeridianAngle 179.41
}
Albedo 0.056
}
"Proteus:Neptune VIII:1989 N 1" "Sol/Neptune"
{
Mesh "proteus.cmod"
Texture "proteus.*" # Phil Stooke
Radius 219 # maximum semi-axis
MeshCenter [ -4.146 -0.022 5.153 ]
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2450085.5 # 1996 Jan 3 00:00UT
Period 1.122315 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 117647 # mean
Eccentricity 0.0005 # mean
Inclination 1.090 # at epoch
AscendingNode 330.943 # at epoch
ArgOfPericenter 267.246 # at epoch
MeanAnomaly 213.916 # at epoch
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
UniformRotation
{
Inclination 47.09
AscendingNode 29.27
MeridianAngle 93.38
}
Albedo 0.061
}
"Triton:Neptune I" "Sol/Neptune"
{
Texture "triton.*"
Radius 1353.4
Atmosphere {
Height 1
Lower [ 0.5 0.5 0.5 ]
Upper [ 0.5 0.5 0.5 ]
Sky [ 0.0 0.0 0.0 ]
}
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 00:00UT (Voyager encounter)
Period 5.8768541 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 354765.286 # at epoch
Eccentricity 0.00002285 # at epoch
Inclination 156.826240 # at epoch
AscendingNode 147.899288 # at epoch
ArgOfPericenter 293.092400 # at epoch
MeanAnomaly 315.726316 # at epoch
}
BodyFrame { EquatorJ2000 {} }
UniformRotation
{
Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 00:00UT (Voyager encounter)
Inclination 110.44 # at epoch
AscendingNode 206.17 # at epoch
MeridianAngle 77.41 # at epoch
}
Albedo 0.756
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Neptune/Triton"
{
Texture "triton.*"
OverlayTexture "triton-lok-mask.png"
}
"Nereid:Neptune II" "Sol/Neptune"
{
Mesh "asteroid.cms"
Texture "asteroid.jpg"
Radius 170
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2447763.5 # 1989 Aug 25 00:00UT (Voyager encounter)
Period 360.13619 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 5513400 # mean
Eccentricity 0.7512 # mean
Inclination 28.385 # at epoch
AscendingNode 190.678 # at epoch
ArgOfPericenter 17.690 # at epoch
MeanAnomaly 36.056 # at epoch
}
# Figure of 11.52 +/- 0.14 hours from Grav, T. et al. (2003)
# "The Short Rotation Period of Nereid", ApJ 591
UniformRotation
{
Period 11.52
}
Albedo 0.155
}
ReferencePoint "Pluto-Charon" "Sol"
{
CustomOrbit "pluto"
# Make the orbit and label visible
Visible true
Clickable true
}
# Updated from "Masses of Nix and Hydra" Tholen et al.
# http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0712/0712.1261.pdf
"Pluto:134340 Pluto" "Sol"
{
Class "dwarfplanet"
Texture "pluto-lok.*"
SpecularTexture "pluto-lok-spec.*"
SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
SpecularPower 9.5
Radius 1151
OrbitFrame {
EquatorJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
}
BodyFrame {
EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
}
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2452600.5 # 2002 Nov 22
Period 6.387206 # mean
SemiMajorAxis 2043.1 # mass ratio of 0.1166
Eccentricity 0.003484 # mean
Inclination 96.1680 # mean
AscendingNode 223.0539 # mean
ArgOfPericenter 337.92 # mean
MeanLongitude 77.960
}
UniformRotation
{
Period 153.292944
Inclination 115.60
AscendingNode 228.34
MeridianAngle 320.75
}
Albedo 0.55
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Pluto"
{
Texture "pluto-lok.*"
SpecularTexture "pluto-lok-spec.*"
SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
SpecularPower 9.5
}
"Charon:Pluto I:134340 Pluto I:1978 P 1" "Sol/Pluto"
{
Texture "charon-lok.*"
SpecularTexture "charon-lok-spec.*"
SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
SpecularPower 9.5
Radius 593
InfoURL "http://www.nineplanets.org/pluto.html#Charon"
OrbitFrame {
EquatorJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
}
BodyFrame {
EclipticJ2000 { Center "Sol/Pluto-Charon" }
}
EllipticalOrbit
{
Epoch 2452600.5 # 2002 Nov 22
Period 6.387206
SemiMajorAxis 17527.4 # mass ratio of 0.1166
Eccentricity 0.003484 # mean
Inclination 96.1680 # mean
AscendingNode 223.0539 # mean
ArgOfPericenter 157.92 # mean
MeanLongitude 257.960
}
UniformRotation
{
Period 153.292944
Inclination 115.9
AscendingNode 227.3
MeridianAngle 140.4
}
Albedo 0.35
}
AltSurface "limit of knowledge" "Sol/Pluto/Charon"
{
Texture "charon-lok.*"
SpecularTexture "charon-lok-spec.*"
SpecularColor [ 0.135 0.12 0.08 ]
SpecularPower 9.5
}