After isolated the current pfn will no longer be scanned and isolated if
the next round is necessary, so push the isolate_migratepages search base
of the given compact_control one step ahead.
Signed-off-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tell the page allocator that pages allocated for a buffered write are
expected to become dirty soon.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tell the page allocator that pages allocated through
grab_cache_page_write_begin() are expected to become dirty soon.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The maximum number of dirty pages that exist in the system at any time is
determined by a number of pages considered dirtyable and a user-configured
percentage of those, or an absolute number in bytes.
This number of dirtyable pages is the sum of memory provided by all the
zones in the system minus their lowmem reserves and high watermarks, so
that the system can retain a healthy number of free pages without having
to reclaim dirty pages.
But there is a flaw in that we have a zoned page allocator which does not
care about the global state but rather the state of individual memory
zones. And right now there is nothing that prevents one zone from filling
up with dirty pages while other zones are spared, which frequently leads
to situations where kswapd, in order to restore the watermark of free
pages, does indeed have to write pages from that zone's LRU list. This
can interfere so badly with IO from the flusher threads that major
filesystems (btrfs, xfs, ext4) mostly ignore write requests from reclaim
already, taking away the VM's only possibility to keep such a zone
balanced, aside from hoping the flushers will soon clean pages from that
zone.
Enter per-zone dirty limits. They are to a zone's dirtyable memory what
the global limit is to the global amount of dirtyable memory, and try to
make sure that no single zone receives more than its fair share of the
globally allowed dirty pages in the first place. As the number of pages
considered dirtyable excludes the zones' lowmem reserves and high
watermarks, the maximum number of dirty pages in a zone is such that the
zone can always be balanced without requiring page cleaning.
As this is a placement decision in the page allocator and pages are
dirtied only after the allocation, this patch allows allocators to pass
__GFP_WRITE when they know in advance that the page will be written to and
become dirty soon. The page allocator will then attempt to allocate from
the first zone of the zonelist - which on NUMA is determined by the task's
NUMA memory policy - that has not exceeded its dirty limit.
At first glance, it would appear that the diversion to lower zones can
increase pressure on them, but this is not the case. With a full high
zone, allocations will be diverted to lower zones eventually, so it is
more of a shift in timing of the lower zone allocations. Workloads that
previously could fit their dirty pages completely in the higher zone may
be forced to allocate from lower zones, but the amount of pages that
"spill over" are limited themselves by the lower zones' dirty constraints,
and thus unlikely to become a problem.
For now, the problem of unfair dirty page distribution remains for NUMA
configurations where the zones allowed for allocation are in sum not big
enough to trigger the global dirty limits, wake up the flusher threads and
remedy the situation. Because of this, an allocation that could not
succeed on any of the considered zones is allowed to ignore the dirty
limits before going into direct reclaim or even failing the allocation,
until a future patch changes the global dirty throttling and flusher
thread activation so that they take individual zone states into account.
Test results
15M DMA + 3246M DMA32 + 504 Normal = 3765M memory
40% dirty ratio
16G USB thumb drive
10 runs of dd if=/dev/zero of=disk/zeroes bs=32k count=$((10 << 15))
seconds nr_vmscan_write
(stddev) min| median| max
xfs
vanilla: 549.747( 3.492) 0.000| 0.000| 0.000
patched: 550.996( 3.802) 0.000| 0.000| 0.000
fuse-ntfs
vanilla: 1183.094(53.178) 54349.000| 59341.000| 65163.000
patched: 558.049(17.914) 0.000| 0.000| 43.000
btrfs
vanilla: 573.679(14.015) 156657.000| 460178.000| 606926.000
patched: 563.365(11.368) 0.000| 0.000| 1362.000
ext4
vanilla: 561.197(15.782) 0.000|2725438.000|4143837.000
patched: 568.806(17.496) 0.000| 0.000| 0.000
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Tested-by: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The next patch will introduce per-zone dirty limiting functions in
addition to the traditional global dirty limiting.
Rename determine_dirtyable_memory() to global_dirtyable_memory() before
adding the zone-specific version, and fix up its documentation.
Also, move the functions to determine the dirtyable memory and the
function to calculate the dirty limit based on that together so that their
relationship is more apparent and that they can be commented on as a
group.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Per-zone dirty limits try to distribute page cache pages allocated for
writing across zones in proportion to the individual zone sizes, to reduce
the likelihood of reclaim having to write back individual pages from the
LRU lists in order to make progress.
This patch:
The amount of dirtyable pages should not include the full number of free
pages: there is a number of reserved pages that the page allocator and
kswapd always try to keep free.
The closer (reclaimable pages - dirty pages) is to the number of reserved
pages, the more likely it becomes for reclaim to run into dirty pages:
+----------+ ---
| anon | |
+----------+ |
| | |
| | -- dirty limit new -- flusher new
| file | | |
| | | |
| | -- dirty limit old -- flusher old
| | |
+----------+ --- reclaim
| reserved |
+----------+
| kernel |
+----------+
This patch introduces a per-zone dirty reserve that takes both the lowmem
reserve as well as the high watermark of the zone into account, and a
global sum of those per-zone values that is subtracted from the global
amount of dirtyable pages. The lowmem reserve is unavailable to page
cache allocations and kswapd tries to keep the high watermark free. We
don't want to end up in a situation where reclaim has to clean pages in
order to balance zones.
Not treating reserved pages as dirtyable on a global level is only a
conceptual fix. In reality, dirty pages are not distributed equally
across zones and reclaim runs into dirty pages on a regular basis.
But it is important to get this right before tackling the problem on a
per-zone level, where the distance between reclaim and the dirty pages is
mostly much smaller in absolute numbers.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix highmem build]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If we need to know a usecase, caller program name is critical important.
Show it.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Calling alloc_pages_exact_node() means the allocation only passes the
zonelist of a single node into the page allocator. If that node isn't
online, it's zonelist may never have been initialized causing a strange
oops that may not immediately be clear.
I recently debugged an issue where node 0 wasn't online and an allocator
was passing 0 to alloc_pages_exact_node() and it resulted in a NULL
pointer on zonelist->_zoneref. If CONFIG_DEBUG_VM is enabled, though, it
would be nice to catch this a bit earlier.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Previously POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED would start writeback for the entire file
when the bdi was not write congested. This negatively impacts performance
if the file contains dirty pages outside of the requested range. This
change uses __filemap_fdatawrite_range() to only initiate writeback for
the requested range.
Signed-off-by: Shawn Bohrer <sbohrer@rgmadvisors.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Disable slub debug facilities and allocate slabs at minimal order when
debug_guardpage_minorder > 0 to increase probability to catch random
memory corruption by cpu exception.
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When debugging with CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC and debug_guardpage_minorder >
0, we have lot of free pages that are not marked so. Snapshot code
account them as savable, what cause hibernate memory preallocation
failure.
It is pretty hard to make hibernate allocation succeed with
debug_guardpage_minorder=1. This change at least make it possible when
system has relatively big amount of RAM.
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC configured, the CPU will generate an exception
on access (read,write) to an unallocated page, which permits us to catch
code which corrupts memory. However the kernel is trying to maximise
memory usage, hence there are usually few free pages in the system and
buggy code usually corrupts some crucial data.
This patch changes the buddy allocator to keep more free/protected pages
and to interlace free/protected and allocated pages to increase the
probability of catching corruption.
When the kernel is compiled with CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC,
debug_guardpage_minorder defines the minimum order used by the page
allocator to grant a request. The requested size will be returned with
the remaining pages used as guard pages.
The default value of debug_guardpage_minorder is zero: no change from
current behaviour.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tweak documentation, s/flg/flag/]
Signed-off-by: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We can place this in definitions that we expect the compiler to remove by
dead code elimination. If this assertion fails, we get a nice error
message at build time.
The GCC function attribute error("message") was added in version 4.3, so
we define a new macro __linktime_error(message) to expand to this for
GCC-4.3 and later. This will give us an error diagnostic from the
compiler on the line that fails. For other compilers
__linktime_error(message) expands to nothing, and we have to be content
with a link time error, but at least we will still get a build error.
BUILD_BUG() expands to the undefined function __build_bug_failed() and
will fail at link time if the compiler ever emits code for it. On GCC-4.3
and later, attribute((error())) is used so that the failure will be noted
at compile time instead.
Signed-off-by: David Daney <david.daney@cavium.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: DM <dm.n9107@gmail.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
handle_mm_fault() passes 'faulted' address to hugetlb_fault(). This
address is not aligned to a hugepage boundary.
Most of the functions for hugetlb pages are aware of that and calculate an
alignment themselves. However some functions such as
copy_user_huge_page() and clear_huge_page() don't handle alignment by
themselves.
This patch make hugeltb_fault() fix the alignment and pass an aligned
addresss (to address of a faulted hugepage) to functions.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: use &=]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Let's make it clear that we cannot race with other fault handlers due to
hugetlb (global) mutex. Also make it clear that we want to keep pte_same
checks anayway to have a transition from the global mutex easier.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we are not rechecking pte_same in hugetlb_cow after we take ptl
lock again in the page allocation failure code path and simply retry
again. This is not an issue at the moment because hugetlb fault path is
protected by hugetlb_instantiation_mutex so we cannot race.
The original page is locked and so we cannot race even with the page
migration.
Let's add the pte_same check anyway as we want to be consistent with the
other check later in this function and be safe if we ever remove the
mutex.
[mhocko@suse.cz: reworded the changelog]
Signed-off-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Inode cache pruning indirectly reclaims page-cache by invalidating mapping
pages. Let's account them into reclaim-state to notice this progress in
memory reclaimer.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Colin Cross reported;
Under the following conditions, __alloc_pages_slowpath can loop forever:
gfp_mask & __GFP_WAIT is true
gfp_mask & __GFP_FS is false
reclaim and compaction make no progress
order <= PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER
These conditions happen very often during suspend and resume,
when pm_restrict_gfp_mask() effectively converts all GFP_KERNEL
allocations into __GFP_WAIT.
The oom killer is not run because gfp_mask & __GFP_FS is false,
but should_alloc_retry will always return true when order is less
than PAGE_ALLOC_COSTLY_ORDER.
In his fix, he avoided retrying the allocation if reclaim made no progress
and __GFP_FS was not set. The problem is that this would result in
GFP_NOIO allocations failing that previously succeeded which would be very
unfortunate.
The big difference between GFP_NOIO and suspend converting GFP_KERNEL to
behave like GFP_NOIO is that normally flushers will be cleaning pages and
kswapd reclaims pages allowing GFP_NOIO to succeed after a short delay.
The same does not necessarily apply during suspend as the storage device
may be suspended.
This patch special cases the suspend case to fail the page allocation if
reclaim cannot make progress and adds some documentation on how
gfp_allowed_mask is currently used. Failing allocations like this may
cause suspend to abort but that is better than a livelock.
[mgorman@suse.de: Rework fix to be suspend specific]
[rientjes@google.com: Move suspended device check to should_alloc_retry]
Reported-by: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When min_free_kbytes is updated, some pageblocks are marked
MIGRATE_RESERVE. Ordinarily, this work is unnoticable as it happens early
in boot but on large machines with 1TB of memory, this has been reported
to delay boot times, probably due to the NUMA distances involved.
The bulk of the work is due to calling calling pageblock_is_reserved() an
unnecessary amount of times and accessing far more struct page metadata
than is necessary. This patch significantly reduces the amount of work
done by setup_zone_migrate_reserve() improving boot times on 1TB machines.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
migrate_page_move_mapping() drops a reference from the old page after
unfreezing its counter. Both operations can be merged into a single
atomic operation by directly unfreezing to one less reference.
The same applies to migrate_huge_page_move_mapping().
Signed-off-by: Jacobo Giralt <jacobo.giralt@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Rename mm_page_free_direct into mm_page_free and mm_pagevec_free into
mm_page_free_batched
Since v2.6.33-5426-gc475dab the kernel triggers mm_page_free_direct for
all freed pages, not only for directly freed. So, let's name it properly.
For pages freed via page-list we also trigger mm_page_free_batched event.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It not exported and now nobody uses it.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Logic added in commit 8cab4754d2 ("vmscan: make mapped executable pages
the first class citizen") was noticeably weakened in commit
6457474624 ("vmscan: detect mapped file pages used only once").
Currently these pages can become "first class citizens" only after second
usage. After this patch page_check_references() will activate they after
first usage, and executable code gets yet better chance to stay in memory.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 6457474624 ("vmscan: detect mapped file pages used only once")
greatly decreases lifetime of single-used mapped file pages.
Unfortunately it also decreases life time of all shared mapped file
pages. Because after commit bf3f3bc5e7 ("mm: don't mark_page_accessed
in fault path") page-fault handler does not mark page active or even
referenced.
Thus page_check_references() activates file page only if it was used twice
while it stays in inactive list, meanwhile it activates anon pages after
first access. Inactive list can be small enough, this way reclaimer can
accidentally throw away any widely used page if it wasn't used twice in
short period.
After this patch page_check_references() also activate file mapped page at
first inactive list scan if this page is already used multiple times via
several ptes.
I found this while trying to fix degragation in rhel6 (~2.6.32) from rhel5
(~2.6.18). There a complete mess with >100 web/mail/spam/ftp containers,
they share all their files but there a lot of anonymous pages: ~500mb
shared file mapped memory and 15-20Gb non-shared anonymous memory. In
this situation major-pagefaults are very costly, because all containers
share the same page. In my load kernel created a disproportionate
pressure on the file memory, compared with the anonymous, they equaled
only if I raise swappiness up to 150 =)
These patches actually wasn't helped a lot in my problem, but I saw
noticable (10-20 times) reduce in count and average time of
major-pagefault in file-mapped areas.
Actually both patches are fixes for commit v2.6.33-5448-g6457474, because
it was aimed at one scenario (singly used pages), but it breaks the logic
in other scenarios (shared and/or executable pages)
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@kernel.dk>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The tracing ring-buffer used this function briefly, but not anymore.
Make it local to the writeback code again.
Also, move the function so that no forward declaration needs to be
reintroduced.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
vfs: new helper - d_make_root()
dcache: use a dispose list in select_parent
ceph: d_alloc_root() may fail
ext4: fix failure exits
isofs: inode leak on mount failure
select_parent currently abuses the dentry cache LRU to provide
cleanup features for child dentries that need to be freed. It moves
them to the tail of the LRU, then tells shrink_dcache_parent() to
calls __shrink_dcache_sb to unconditionally move them to a dispose
list (as DCACHE_REFERENCED is ignored). __shrink_dcache_sb() has to
relock the dentries to move them off the LRU onto the dispose list,
but otherwise does not touch the dentries that select_parent() moved
to the tail of the LRU. It then passses the dispose list to
shrink_dentry_list() which tries to free the dentries.
IOWs, the use of __shrink_dcache_sb() is superfluous - we can build
exactly the same list of dentries for disposal directly in
select_parent() and call shrink_dentry_list() instead of calling
__shrink_dcache_sb() to do that. This means that we avoid long holds
on the lru lock walking the LRU moving dentries to the dispose list
We also avoid the need to relock each dentry just to move it off the
LRU, reducing the numebr of times we lock each dentry to dispose of
them in shrink_dcache_parent() from 3 to 2 times.
Further, we remove one of the two callers of __shrink_dcache_sb().
This also means that __shrink_dcache_sb can be moved into back into
prune_dcache_sb() and we no longer have to handle referenced
dentries conditionally, simplifying the code.
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net:
igmp: Avoid zero delay when receiving odd mixture of IGMP queries
netdev: make net_device_ops const
bcm63xx: make ethtool_ops const
usbnet: make ethtool_ops const
net: Fix build with INET disabled.
net: introduce netif_addr_lock_nested() and call if when appropriate
net: correct lock name in dev_[uc/mc]_sync documentations.
net: sk_update_clone is only used in net/core/sock.c
8139cp: fix missing napi_gro_flush.
pktgen: set correct max and min in pktgen_setup_inject()
smsc911x: Unconditionally include linux/smscphy.h in smsc911x.h
asix: fix infinite loop in rx_fixup()
net: Default UDP and UNIX diag to 'n'.
r6040: fix typo in use of MCR0 register bits
net: fix sock_clone reference mismatch with tcp memcontrol
Another simple series related to clock management, this time only for
imx.
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Merge tag 'clk' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
clock management changes for i.MX
Another simple series related to clock management, this time only for
imx.
* tag 'clk' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
ARM: mxs: select HAVE_CLK_PREPARE for clock
clk: add config option HAVE_CLK_PREPARE into Kconfig
ASoC: mxs-saif: convert to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
video: mxsfb: convert to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
serial: mxs-auart: convert to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
net: flexcan: convert to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
mtd: gpmi-lib: convert to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
mmc: mxs-mmc: convert to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
dma: mxs-dma: convert to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
net: fec: add clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
ARM: mxs: convert platform code to clk_prepare/clk_unprepare
clk: add helper functions clk_prepare_enable and clk_disable_unprepare
Fix up trivial conflicts in drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/fec.c due to
commit 0ebafefcaa ("net: fec: add clk_prepare/clk_unprepare") clashing
trivially with commit e163cc97f9 ("net/fec: fix the .remove code").
A very simple series. We used to have more churn in the timer
area, so this is kept separate. Will probably put this into the
drivers series next time.
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Merge tag 'timer' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
timer changes for msm
A very simple series. We used to have more churn in the timer
area, so this is kept separate. Will probably put this into the
drivers series next time.
* tag 'timer' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
msm: timer: Use clockevents_config_and_register()
msm: timer: Setup interrupt after registering clockevent
msm: timer: Remove SoC specific #ifdefs
msm: timer: Remove msm_clocks[] and simplify code
msm: timer: Fix ONESHOT mode interrupts
msm: timer: Use GPT for clockevents and DGT for clocksource
msm: timer: Cleanup #includes and #defines
msm: timer: Tighten #ifdef for local timer support
A significant part of the changes for these two platforms went into
power management, so they are split out into a separate branch.
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Merge tag 'pm' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
power management changes for omap and imx
A significant part of the changes for these two platforms went into
power management, so they are split out into a separate branch.
* tag 'pm' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (65 commits)
ARM: imx6: remove __CPUINIT annotation from v7_invalidate_l1
ARM: imx6: fix v7_invalidate_l1 by adding I-Cache invalidation
ARM: imx6q: resume PL310 only when CACHE_L2X0 defined
ARM: imx6q: build pm code only when CONFIG_PM selected
ARM: mx5: use generic irq chip pm interface for pm functions on
ARM: omap: pass minimal SoC/board data for UART from dt
arm/dts: Add minimal device tree support for omap2420 and omap2430
omap-serial: Add minimal device tree support
omap-serial: Use default clock speed (48Mhz) if not specified
omap-serial: Get rid of all pdev->id usage
ARM: OMAP2+: hwmod: Add a new flag to handle hwmods left enabled at init
ARM: OMAP4: PRM: use PRCM interrupt handler
ARM: OMAP3: pm: use prcm chain handler
ARM: OMAP: hwmod: add support for selecting mpu_irq for each wakeup pad
ARM: OMAP2+: mux: add support for PAD wakeup interrupts
ARM: OMAP: PRCM: add suspend prepare / finish support
ARM: OMAP: PRCM: add support for chain interrupt handler
ARM: OMAP3/4: PRM: add functions to read pending IRQs, PRM barrier
ARM: OMAP2+: hwmod: Add API to enable IO ring wakeup
ARM: OMAP2+: mux: add wakeup-capable hwmod mux entries to dynamic list
...
Again, a lot of platforms have changes in here: pxa, samsung, omap,
at91, imx, ...
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Merge tag 'drivers' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Driver specific changes
Again, a lot of platforms have changes in here: pxa, samsung, omap,
at91, imx, ...
* tag 'drivers' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (54 commits)
ARM: sa1100: clean up of the clock support
ARM: pxa: add dummy clock for sa1100-rtc
RTC: sa1100: support sa1100, pxa and mmp soc families
RTC: sa1100: remove redundant code of setting alarm
RTC: sa1100: Clean out ost register
Input: zylonite-wm97xx - replace IRQ_GPIO() with gpio_to_irq()
pcmcia: pxa: replace IRQ_GPIO() with gpio_to_irq()
ARM: EXYNOS: Modified files for SPI consolidation work
ARM: S5P64X0: Enable SDHCI support
ARM: S5P64X0: Add lookup of sdhci-s3c clocks using generic names
ARM: S5P64X0: Add HSMMC setup for host Controller
ARM: EXYNOS: Add USB OHCI support to ORIGEN board
USB: Add Samsung Exynos OHCI diver
ARM: EXYNOS: Add USB OHCI support to SMDKV310 board
ARM: EXYNOS: Add USB OHCI device
net: macb: fix build break with !CONFIG_OF
i2c: tegra: Support DVC controller in device tree
i2c: tegra: Add __devinit/exit to probe/remove
net/at91_ether: use gpio_is_valid for phy IRQ line
ARM: at91/net: add macb ethernet controller in 9g45/9g20 DT
...
This adds support for new features, and contains stuff from most
platforms. A number of these patches could have fit into other
branches, too, but were small enough not to cause too much
confusion here.
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Merge tag 'devel' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
New feature development
This adds support for new features, and contains stuff from most
platforms. A number of these patches could have fit into other
branches, too, but were small enough not to cause too much
confusion here.
* tag 'devel' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (28 commits)
mfd/db8500-prcmu: remove support for early silicon revisions
ARM: ux500: fix the smp_twd clock calculation
ARM: ux500: remove support for early silicon revisions
ARM: ux500: update register files
ARM: ux500: register DB5500 PMU dynamically
ARM: ux500: update ASIC detection for U5500
ARM: ux500: support DB8520
ARM: picoxcell: implement watchdog restart
ARM: OMAP3+: hwmod data: Add the default clockactivity for I2C
ARM: OMAP3: hwmod data: disable multiblock reads on MMC1/2 on OMAP34xx/35xx <= ES2.1
ARM: OMAP: USB: EHCI and OHCI hwmod structures for OMAP4
ARM: OMAP: USB: EHCI and OHCI hwmod structures for OMAP3
ARM: OMAP: hwmod data: Add support for AM35xx UART4/ttyO3
ARM: Orion: Remove address map info from all platform data structures
ARM: Orion: Get address map from plat-orion instead of via platform_data
ARM: Orion: mbus_dram_info consolidation
ARM: Orion: Consolidate the address map setup
ARM: Kirkwood: Add configuration for MPP12 as GPIO
ARM: Kirkwood: Recognize A1 revision of 6282 chip
ARM: ux500: update the MOP500 GPIO assignments
...
This adds and extends support for specific boards on a number of
ARM platforms: omap, imx, samsung, tegra, ...
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Merge tag 'boards' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Board-level changes
This adds and extends support for specific boards on a number of
ARM platforms: omap, imx, samsung, tegra, ...
* tag 'boards' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (49 commits)
Enable 32 bit flash support for iMX21ADS board
ARM: mx31pdk: Add MC13783 RTC support
iomux-mx25: configuration to support CSPI3 on CSI pins
MX1:apf9328: Add i2c support
mioa701: add newly available DoC G3 chip
arm/tegra: remove __initdata annotation from pinmux tables
arm/tegra: Use bus notifiers to trigger pinmux setup
arm/tegra: Refactor board-*-pinmux.c to share code
arm/tegra: Fix mistake in Trimslice's pinmux
arm/tegra: Rework Seaboard-vs-Ventana pinmux table
arm/tegra: Remove useless entries from ventana_pinmux[]
arm/tegra: PCIe: Remove include of mach/pinmux.h
arm/tegra: Harmony PCIe: Don't touch pinmux
arm/tegra: Add AUXDATA for tegra-pinmux and tegra-gpio
arm/tegra: Split Seaboard GPIO table to allow for Ventana
ARM: imx6q: generate imx6q dtb files
arm/imx6q: Rename Sabreauto to Armadillo2
arm/imx6q-sabrelite: add enet phy ksz9021rn fixup
arm/imx6: add imx6q sabrelite board support
dts/imx: rename uart labels to consistent with hw spec
...
This adds support for the new tegra30 SoC, as well as small
changes to support minor variations of existing omap SoCs.
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Merge tag 'soc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
SoC-level changes for tegra and omap
This adds support for the new tegra30 SoC, as well as small
changes to support minor variations of existing omap SoCs.
* tag 'soc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (26 commits)
arm/tegra: Compile tegra_dt_init_irq only when CONFIG_OF
arm/tegra: Make MACH_TEGRA_DT depend on ARCH_TEGRA_2x_SOC
arm/tegra: Delete tegra_init_clock()
arm/tegra: Fix section mismatch errors in tegra30 pinmux
arm/tegra: Fix section mismatch errors in tegra20 pinmux
arm/tegra: refresh defconfig for tegra30
arm/tegra: add support for tegra30 based board cardhu
arm/tegra: implement support for tegra30
arm/tegra: pinmux tables and definitions for tegra30
arm/tegra: add new fields to struct tegra_pingroup_desc
arm/tegra: prepare pinmux code for multiple tegra variants
arm/tegra: rename tegra20 pinmux files
arm/tegra: generalize L2 cache initialization
arm/tegra: use PMC reset
arm/tegra: rename board-dt.c to board-dt-tegra20.c
arm/tegra: prepare early init for multiple tegra variants
arm/tegra: don't export clk_measure_input_freq
arm/tegra: prepare clock code for multiple tegra variants
arm/tegra: cleanup tegra20 support
arm/tegra: clk_get should not be fatal
...
Fix up trivial conflict in arch/arm/mach-tegra/board-dt-tegra20.c
Various cleanup changes that the device driver changes are built upon.
Since the samsung cleanups depend on the device tree series, which
depends on the first set of cleanups for tegra.
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Merge tag 'cleanup2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Cleanups for the Samsung platforms
Various cleanup changes that the device driver changes are built upon.
Since the samsung cleanups depend on the device tree series, which
depends on the first set of cleanups for tegra.
* tag 'cleanup2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
ARM: EXYNOS: Use gpio_request_one
ARM: S5PV210: Use gpio_request_one
ARM: S3C64XX: Modified according to SPI consolidation work
ARM: S5PV210: Modified files for SPI consolidation work
ARM: S5P64X0: Modified files for SPI consolidation work
ARM: S5PC100: Modified files for SPI consolidation work
ARM: S3C64XX: Modified files for SPI consolidation work
ARM: SAMSUNG: Consolidation of SPI platform devices to plat-samsung
ARM: SAMSUNG: Remove SPI bus clocks from platform data
ARM: S5PV210: Add SPI clkdev support
ARM: S5P64X0: Add SPI clkdev support
ARM: S5PC100: Add SPI clkdev support
ARM: S3C64XX: Add SPI clkdev support
spi/s3c64xx: Use bus clocks created using clkdev
mmc: sdhci-s3c: Use generic clock names for sdhci bus clock options
ARM: SAMSUNG: Add lookup of sdhci-s3c clocks using generic names
ARM: SAMSUNG: Remove SDHCI bus clocks from platform data
ARM: SAMSUNG: Use kmemdup rather than duplicating its implementation
ARM: EXYNOS: remove exynos4_scu_enable()
Both platforms had some initial device tree support, but this adds
much more to actually make it usable.
This is where the really nasty conflicts in the samsung platform
start, due to some files getting moved around and combined in the
'restart' branch that has already gone into mainline through
Russell's tree.
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Merge tag 'dt' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Device tree conversions for samsung and tegra
Both platforms had some initial device tree support, but this adds
much more to actually make it usable.
* tag 'dt' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (45 commits)
ARM: dts: Add intial dts file for EXYNOS4210 SoC, SMDKV310 and ORIGEN
ARM: EXYNOS: Add Exynos4 device tree enabled board file
rtc: rtc-s3c: Add device tree support
input: samsung-keypad: Add device tree support
ARM: S5PV210: Modify platform data for pl330 driver
ARM: S5PC100: Modify platform data for pl330 driver
ARM: S5P64x0: Modify platform data for pl330 driver
ARM: EXYNOS: Add a alias for pdma clocks
ARM: EXYNOS: Limit usage of pl330 device instance to non-dt build
ARM: SAMSUNG: Add device tree support for pl330 dma engine wrappers
DMA: PL330: Add device tree support
ARM: EXYNOS: Modify platform data for pl330 driver
DMA: PL330: Infer transfer direction from transfer request instead of platform data
DMA: PL330: move filter function into driver
serial: samsung: Fix build for non-Exynos4210 devices
serial: samsung: add device tree support
serial: samsung: merge probe() function from all SoC specific extensions
serial: samsung: merge all SoC specific port reset functions
ARM: SAMSUNG: register uart clocks to clock lookup list
serial: samsung: remove all uses of get_clksrc and set_clksrc
...
Fix up fairly trivial conflicts in arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/clock.c and
drivers/tty/serial/Kconfig both due to just adding code close to
changes.
Cleanup patches for various ARM platforms and some of their associated
drivers, the bulk of these is for mach-91.
I ended up pulling in the restart branch from Russell in order to
fix up some simple but annoying merge conflicts.
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Merge tag 'cleanup' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Cleanups on various subarchitectures
Cleanup patches for various ARM platforms and some of their associated
drivers, the bulk of these is for mach-91.
Arnd ended up pulling in the restart branch from Russell in order to
fix up some simple but annoying merge conflicts.
* tag 'cleanup' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc: (44 commits)
arm/at91: fix build of stamp9g20
ARM: u300: delete memory.h
MAINTAINERS: add maintainer entry for Picochip picoxcell
ARM: picoxcell: move io mappings to common.c
ARM: picoxcell: don't reserve irq_descs
ARM: picoxcell: remove mach/memory.h
ARM: at91: delete the pcontrol_g20_defconfig
arm/tegra: Remove code that's ifndef CONFIG_ARM_GIC
arm/tegra: remove unused defines
arm/tegra: fix variable formatting in makefile
ARM: davinci: vpif: move code to driver core header from platform
ARM: at91/gpio: fix display of number of irq setuped
ARM: at91/gpio: drop PIN_BASE
ARM: at91/udc: use gpio_is_valid to check the gpio
ARM: at91/ohci: use gpio_is_valid to check the gpio
ARM: at91/nand: use gpio_is_valid to check the gpio
ARM: at91/mmc: use gpio_is_valid to check the gpio
ARM: at91/ide: use gpio_is_valid to check the gpio
ARM: at91/pata: use gpio_is_valid to check the gpio
ARM: at91/soc: use gpio_is_valid to check the gpio
...
Simple bug fixes that were not considered important enough for inclusion
into 3.2.
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Merge tag 'fixes-non-critical' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc
Non-critical bug fixes
Simple bug fixes that were not considered important enough for inclusion
into 3.2.
* tag 'fixes-non-critical' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
MAINTAINERS: update pxa and mmp
ARM: pxa: Include linux/export.h in balloon3.c
ARM: OMAP4: clock: Add CPU local timer clock node
ARM: OMAP4: hwmod: Don't wait for the idle status if modulemode is not supported
ARM: OMAP: AM3517/3505: fix crash on boot due to incorrect voltagedomain data
ARM: OMAP: hwmod data: fix the panic on Nokia RM-680 during boot
ARM: OMAP2+: DMA: Workaround for invalid destination position
ARM: OMAP2+: DMA: Workaround for invalid source position
Including trace/events/*.h TRACE_EVENT() macro headers in other headers
can cause strange side effects if another trace/event/*.h header
includes that header. Having trace/events/kmem.h inside slab_def.h
caused a compile error in sparc64 when changes were done to some header
files. Moving the kmem.h trace header out of slab.h and into slab.c
fixes the problem.
Note, both slub.c and slob.c already include the trace/events/kmem.h
file. Only slab.c had it missing.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20120105190405.1e3191fb5a43b2a0f1655e1f@canb.auug.org.au
Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 5b7c840667 ('ipv4: correct IGMP
behavior on v3 query during v2-compatibility mode') added yet another
case for query parsing, which can result in max_delay = 0. Substitute
a value of 1, as in the usual v3 case.
Reported-by: Simon McVittie <smcv@debian.org>
References: http://bugs.debian.org/654876
Signed-off-by: Ben Hutchings <ben@decadent.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
More drivers where net_device_ops should be const.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
The ethtool_ops table of function pointers should be const.
Fix all the usb network drivers.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Hemminger <shemminger@vyatta.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
> net/core/sock.c: In function 'sk_update_clone':
> net/core/sock.c:1278:3: error: implicit declaration of function 'sock_update_memcg'
Reported-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Hillf Danton